• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.469-477
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• 2008

The standard routing protocol of MANET(Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork), AODV(Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector), only considers the shortest path for routing, which may cause traffic concentration to a node at the critical path. Hence, the battery of the node will be dissipated rapidly to reduce the lifetime of the whole network. In this paper, power dissipation considered AODV is proposed for fair energy distribution in MANET, and verified using the computer simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1413-1416
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• 2008

최근 들어 IEEE 802.11 WLAN 서비스에 대한 수요의 증가와 함께 WLAN 환경에서 실시간 멀티미디어 서비스를 이용하려는 사용자의 관심이 날로 증가하고 있다. 그러나 IEEE 802.11i 의 보안 정책은 MS 의 이동이 빈번하게 발생하는 WLAN 환경에서 끊김 없는 실시간 멀티미디어 서비스를 제공하기에는 핸드오프 지연 시간이 너무 길다. 본 논문은 DoS 공격에 취약한 기존 802.11i 에서의 4-way Handshake 를 대체하는 신속하고 효율적인 인증 및 세션키 분배 메커니즘을 제안한다.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.4 no.8
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• pp.245-252
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• 2015

Recently, parallel processing methods with accelerator have been introduced into a high performance computing and a mobile computing. The photomosaic application can be parallelized by using inherent data parallelism and accelerator. In this paper, we propose a way to distribute the workload of the photomosaic application into a CPU and GPU heterogeneous computing environment. That is, the photomosaic application is parallelized using both CPU and GPU resource with the asynchronous mode of OpenCL, and then the optimal workload distribution rate is estimated by measuring the execution time with CPU-only and GPU-only distribution rates. The proposed approach is simple but very effective, and can be applied to parallelize other applications on a CPU and GPU heterogeneous computing environment. Based on the experimental results, we confirm that the performance is improved by 141% into a heterogeneous computing environment with the optimal workload distribution compared with using GPU-only method.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.18C no.4
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• pp.227-236
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• 2011

IPTV(Internet Protocol Television) is one of the typical businesses which are the convergence of Broadcast and Communication. It provides broadcasting service using IP networks. Recently, IPTV service is developed to Mobile IPTV or Open IPTV. Especially, Open IPTV uses open platform so not only service providers but also general users can provide contents to other users. Open IPTV system has many content providers, so existing security solution of IPTV cannot be adopted. In this paper, we suggest user authentication and key distribution mechanism on Open IPTV. Our proposed mechanism is based on Kerberos, so it can support distribution environment such as Open IPTV. We demonstrate that proposed mechanism can guarantee secure transmission of contents and reduce the delay of user authentication on Open IPTV system compared to other authentication mechanisms. We also compare our proposal and other mechanisms in various aspects, and analyze efficiency and safety of proposed mechanism. As a result, we insist that this mechanism satisfies the security requirements for IPTV.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Next Generation Computing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.18-29
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• 2019

A dynamic adaptive streaming server consumes high processor power because it handles a large amount of transcoding operations at a time. For this purpose, multi-processor architecture is mandatory for which effective transcoding task distribution strategies are essential. In this paper, we present the design and implementation details of the transcoding workload distribution schemes at a 2-tier (frontend node and backend node) transcoding server. For this, we implemented four schemes: 1) allocation of transcoding tasks to appropriate back-end nodes, 2) task scheduling in the back-end node and 3) the communication between front-end and back-end nodes. Experiments were conducted to compare the estimated and the actual power consumption in a real testbed to verify the efficacy of the system. It also proved that the system can reduce the load on each node to optimize the power and time used for transcoding.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to assess impacts of sorption heterogeneity on the transport of leachate leaked from unlined landfill sites and is accomplished by examining the results from a series of Monte-Carlo simulations. For random distribution coefficient ($K_{d}$) fields with four different levels of heterogeneity ranging from homogeneous to highly heterogeneous, the transport of leachate was investigated by linking a saturated flow model with a contaminant transport model. Impacts of a chemical heterogeneity were evaluated using point statistics values such as mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation of the concentration obtained at monitoring wells from 100 Monte-Carlo trials. Inspection of point statistics shows that the distribution of distribution coefficient in the landfill site proves to be an important parameter in controlling leachate concentrations. In comparison to homogeneous sorption, heterogeneous $K_{d^-}$ fields produce the variability in the leachate concentration for different realizations. The variability increases significantly as the variance in the $K_{d^-}$ field and the travel time between source and monitoring well increase. These outcomes indicate that use of a constant homogeneous $K_{d}$ value for predicting the transport of leachate can result in significant error, especially when variability in $K_{d}$ is high.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2001

본논문은 이중의 비실시간 네트워크 상에서의 실시간 원격 프로시쥬어 호출(RPC)을 위한 메시지 스케쥴링 기법을 제안하고 평가한다. 제안된 기법은 시간제약 조건을 고려한 메시지 스케쥴에 의해 RPC 트랜잭션의 종료시한 만족도를 향상시키기 위하여 각 네트워크에 메시지 분배 비율을 달리함으로써 부하를 차별화하고 종료시한이 촉박한 메시지는 낮은 부하의 네트워크를 통해 전송한다. 생성 간격 시간 서버실행시간 여유시간 등과 같은 네트워크 인자를 기반으로 SMPL에 의해 수행된 모의실험 결과는 적절한 분할 기준치를 설정했을 때 제안된 기법이 실시간 RPC의 성능을 향상시킬수 있으며 분할 기준치는 통계적 모델에 의해 효율적으로 찾아질수 있음을 보인다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.10c
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• pp.343-345
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• 2002

본 논문은 차원이 큰 행렬 연산 때문에 많은 계산 시간을 필요로 하는 ET 영상 복원 응용의 속도를 개선하기 위하여 3 대의 PC로 구성된 클러스터를 구축하고 복원 과정 중 가장 많은 시간을 차지하는 자코비언 행렬 계산에 대해 병렬 계산 기법을 제시한다. 각 노드는 리눅스 운영체제, MPI, 산술 계산 라이브러리 등을 탑재하여 C 언어로 옹용이 작성될 수 있으며 자코비언 행렬은 각 계산 루프의 데이터 독립성이 강하므로 병렬 계산의 장점을 최대화 할 수 있다. 구현된 클러스터 자코비언 프로그램은 주어진 인자를 분석하여 MPI 프리미티브에 의해 각각의 노드에 분배시키고 각 노드들로 하여금 자신의 계산 라이브러리를 이용하여 계산하게 한 다음 이 부분 결과를 모아 최종적인 자코비언 행렬을 생성한다. 이 프로그램을 클러스터에서 수행시키고 그 수행시간을 측정한 결과 기존의 자코비언 프로그램에 비해 최대 40% 까지 수행시간을 단축시킬 수 있었으며 추후 행렬의 차원이 증가할 경우 클러스터 컴퓨팅에 의한 성능 개선을 기할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.44-44
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• 2023

지표면 위 에너지 수지, 즉 순 복사에너지가 어떤 비율로 지열, 현열, 잠열로 분할되는지를 이해하는 것은 매우 중요한 문제이지만, 에너지 분할과 주변 환경 변수 사이의 인과관계를 역학적으로 설명하는 것은 난제로 남아있다. 이 연구에서는 지표면 에너지 분할에서 어떠한 조건에서라도 보편적으로 발견되는 특성을 찾아서 다양한 식생 조건에서 관측된 복사에너지 및 열 플럭스 관측소의 자료를 토대로 각 에너지 항의 시간 변동성을 분석했다. 시계열 분석을 위해 공분산 기법을 통해 관측한 현열 및 잠열 자료를 제공하는 Fluxnet 자료를 사용했으며, International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) 구분법에 따라 낙엽수림, 상록수림, 농지 및 사바나에 위치한 관측소의 자료를 비교 분석했다. 모든 관측소에서 에너지 수지에서 현열과 잠열의 합이 전체 순 복사에너지에서 차지하는 비중은 시간에 따라 큰 변화를 보이지 않는다는 특성을 발견했다. 하지만, 현열 또는 잠열이 차지하는 비중은 큰 계절성을 보여주고 있었다. 이를 종합하면 현열과 잠열이 상호보완적으로 발생한다는 것을 의미한다. 한편 시간에 따른 두 열 플럭스의 움직임은 해당 관측소 근처에서 서식하는 식생 특성과 깊게 관련됐음을 확인했다.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 2005

The effects of soil-chemical contact time (aging) on sorption and desorption of atrazine were studied in soil slurries because aging is an important determinant affecting on the sorption and desorption characteristics of organic contaminants in the environment. Sorption isotherm and desorption kinetic experiments were performed, and soilwater distribution coefficients and desorption rate parameters were evaluated using linear and non-linear sorption equations and a three-site desorption model, respectively. Aging time for sorption of atrazine in sterilized soil slurries ranged from 2 days to 8 months. Atrazine sorption isotherms were nearly linear $(r^2\;>\;0.97)$ and sorption coefficients were strongly correlated to soil organic carbon content. Sorption distribution coefficients $(K_d)$ increased with increasing aging in all soils studied. Sorption non-linearity did not increase with increased aging except for the Houghton muck soil. Desorption profiles were well described by the three-site desorption model. The equilibrium site fraction $(f_{eq})$ decreased and the non-desorbable site fraction $(f_{nd})$ increased as a function of aging time in all soils. In all soils studied, it was found that when normalized to soil organic matter content the concentration of atrazine in desorbable sites was comparatively constant, whereas that in non-desorbable site increased as aging increased.