• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.1027-1031
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 한반도 영역을 대상으로 2001년 7, 8월과 2002년 6월로 홍수기를 대상으로 RDAPS 모형, AWS, 상층기상관측(upper-air sounding)의 자료를 이용하였다. 또한 수치예보자료를 범주적 예측확률로 변환하고 인공신경망기법(ANN)을 이용하여 강수발생확률의 예측정확성을 향상시키는데 있다. 신경망의 예측인자로 사용된 대기변수는 500/ 750/ 1000hpa에서의 지위고도, 500-1000hpa에서의 층후(thickness), 500hpa에서의 X와 Y의 바람성분, 750hpa에서의 X와 Y의 바람성분, 표면풍속, 500/ 750hpa/ 표면에서의 온도, 평균해면기압, 3시간 누적 강수, AWS관측소에서 관측된 RDAPS모형 실행전의 6시간과 12시간동안의 누적강수, 가강수량, 상대습도이며, 예측변수로는 강수발생확률로 선택하였다. 강우는 다양한 대기변수들의 비선형 조합으로 발생되기 때문에 예측인자와 예측변수 사이의 복잡한 비선형성을 고려하는데 유용한 인공신경망을 사용하였다. 신경망의 구조는 전방향 다층퍼셉트론으로 구성하였으며 역전파알고리즘을 학습방법으로 사용하였다. 강수예측성과의 질을 평가하기 위해서 $2{\times}2$ 분할표를 이용하여 Hit rate, Threat score, Probability of detection, Kuipers Skill Score를 사용하였으며, 신경망 학습후의 강수발생확률은 학습전의 강수발생확률에 비하여 한반도영역에서 평균적으로 Kuipers Skill Score가 0.2231에서 0.4293로 92.39% 상승하였다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.70-75
• /
• 2023

This study was conducted from October 2021 to October 2022 at Gulup island, Incheon, South Korea, to identify activity patterns of Formosan sika deer (Cervus nippon taiouanus) introduced in island areas, using camera trapping. We described the daily activity patterns of Formosan sika deer in each season by analyzing kernel density estimates of capture frequency and checked seasonal differences in daily activity patterns by analyzing the overlap coefficient between seasons. Formosan sika deers introduced to Gulup island showed a crepuscular behavior pattern only in winter and no distinct pattern from spring to fall. The crepuscular behavior pattern is typical for deers to reduce the risk of predation, and it is determined that Formosan sika deers introduced to Gulup island were affected by population control of the species by the local government in the winter. It was in contrast to the fact that human activities, such as backpacking, frequently carried out from spring to fall, did not affect the behavior of Formosan sika deers. Moreover, low winter temperatures have been shown to affect the nocturnal activities of Formosan sika deers in winter. The behavior patterns of Formosan sika deers overlapped least between summer and winter due to cold winter weather and population control. The relationship between the temporal status of Formosan sika deers and seasonal temperature confirmed in this study can be important basic ecological data for establishing control measures of Formosan sika deers introduced not only in islands but also in inland.

• Journal of Labour Economics
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.1-28
• /
• 2003

This article examines the employment status of older male workers in the era of industrialization, focusing on the questions of how the extent of pressure toward retirement varied across different occupations, and how it changed over time. A comparison of hazard of retirement across occupations shows that men who had better occupations in terms of economic status and work conditions were less likely to retire than were those with poorer jobs. This result tends to reject the recent view that retirement was more voluntary than forced as early as a century ago. The difficulty faced by older workers in the labor market, as measured by the relative incidence of long-term unemployment, was relatively severe among craftsmen, operatives, and salesmen. In contrast, aged farmers, professionals, managers, and proprietors appear to have fared well in the labor market. The pattern of shifts in the occupational structure that occurred between 1880 and 1940 suggests that industrialization had brought a growth of the sectors in which the pressure toward departure from employment at older ages was relatively strong.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
• /
• v.16 no.4 s.70
• /
• pp.96-105
• /
• 2001

인터넷접속 시장에서 독점적 지위를 점유하여 왔던 014XY 인터넷접속 서비스 이용자가 ASDL로 전환하는 과정과 그 원인을 규명하고 향후 최저속도를 보장하는 다양한 상품의 ADSL이 출시될 경우 가입자가 선호하는 상품속도별 요금체계를 파악하기 위해 초고속 인터넷접속 서비스 선호도 및 가격감수성을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 분석결과 일반모뎀(주로 56K 모뎀) 이용자들이 ADSL 서비스로 이동하는 이유는 속도가 느리기 때문이며 이동하지 않는 이유는 서비스 이용빈도 및 이용시간이 적기 때문인 것으로 분석되었다. ADSL 이용자들의 경우 접속속도에 대해서는 만족의 비중이 높았지만 요금의 경우 불만족의 비중이 높았다. 그리고 향후 속도를 보장하는 상품이 출시될 경우 시장점유율 상승과 수익성 측면에서 긍정적인 것으로 평가되었다.

• Industry Promotion Research
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2021

This study is a study on the change of life and leisure satisfaction caused by the reduction of working hours of office workers, summarizing the results of the analysis as follows: First, the change in the working hours of office workers was found to be men (42.4 percent), but women (54.7 percent) had a high increase in personal satisfaction, monthly income of 2 to 3 million won 96.1 percent, and personal satisfaction increased in small and medium-sized cities and towns. Second, leisure satisfaction due to shorter working hours was somewhat high in monthly income of 3 million won to 4 million won (43.6%) and more than 6 million won (39.1%), but there was no change in leisure satisfaction by gender, age, academic background, number of family members, marital status, worker status and region. The revitalization of leisure is a very important task in personal life, but it is meaningful in that it provided implications for socializing leisure as leisure satisfaction is positively spreading in life changes.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.83-105
• /
• 2007

This study investigates the stance of the social capitals that explain voluntary services. The testing results indicate that the decision to join the voluntary services is significantly affected by ages, householder, marriage, preschool child, gender, physical condition, income, education, job position, occupation, region, day, etc. And a giving time is significantly influenced by ages, marriages, working together of husband and wife, gender, income, job, occupation position, a type of living house, etc. Moreover, we find that the economic values of the voluntary services estimate at 21,467 billion won a year in 2004, and GDP ratio is 0.2% that is lower than those of major developed countries.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.47-61
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study is to grasp position of Sachon airport-local airport-especially the characteristics of it's air passengers, the distribution of passengers hinterland on their purposes of the travel and on the day of the week, and the spatial structure of hinterland The results is as follows The distribution of the hinterland on the purposes of a passenger's travel shows the hunterland of friend and acquauntance visit is wider than that of business, And the middle level of its size is sightseeing The hinterland of commuting includes only Chinju, so the range of passengers' social activities is wider than that of passenger' economic activities In the distribution of the hunterland on the day of the week, the distnbution of the weekday is wider than that of the holidays, but the passenger travel to Chinju is concentrated on the holidays. As rnentioned adove, the hinterland centenng around Sachon airport is Chinju sity field. Tongyoung. Sachon and Koje city field, Kwangyang city and Namhae, Sanchong, Kosung, Hadong, Uiryoung county field. It is a little different result from the area of reverse commuting of the elementray, middle and high school Leachers living in Chinju That's because air passenger travel mainly occurs in industrial and sighrseeing cities

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2014.10a
• /
• pp.197-198
• /
• 2014

여가시간 및 소득수준 증가에 따라 다양한 활동들이 수상공간에서 일어나고 있으며 이를 수용하기 위하여 다양한 구조물들이 수상에 설치되고 있다. 그 중 플로팅 건축물은 친환경적이고 수상공간을 보다 적극적으로 활용할 수 있다는 이유로 최근 그 사용이 증가하고 있다. 하지만 부유체를 이용하여 수상에 입지하는 플로팅 건축물의 특성으로 인하여 기능, 용도 및 이용목적이 일반건축물과 동일하나 법적으로 다르게 취급되고 있으며 플로팅 건축물의 설계, 건설 및 이용 과정에서 다양한 문제가 발생되고 있다. 이러한 문제들은 최근 수요가 증가하고 있는 플로팅 건축물 활성화에 많은 제약이 되고 있다. 따라서 플로팅 건축물을 일반건축물과 같은 '건축물'로서 법적 지위를 인정받기 위해서는 "건축법"에서 정의하고 있는 '건축물' 및 '대지'에 대한 개념을 바탕으로 플로팅 건축물이 설치되는 수상공간에 대한 수상대지에 대한 개념 설정이 시급한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 국내외 플로팅 건축물 법적용 사례를 바탕으로 일반건축물에 적용되는 대지의 개념으로 인하여 발생되는 플로팅 건축물의 법적 문제를 도출하고 이를 해결하기 위한 수상대지 개념 설정에 대한 방안을 모색하였다.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
• /
• no.62
• /
• pp.39-69
• /
• 2018

Women with children suffer from double burden of childcare and household labor. Based on the framework of social determinants of mental health, this study investigated the moderated mediation effect of income in the relationship between time poverty and mental health among women with children. The study sample included 1,505 women from the $6^{th}$ wave of Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families (KLoWF). Results showed that the lower level of time poverty was associated with decreased stress and depression, and stress mediated the relationship between time poverty and depression. Income had a moderated mediation effect in the relationship between time poverty, stress, and depression. Time poor women were more vulnerable to poor mental health, and income buffered the effect of time poverty on women's mental health. This implies that women in the lower end of socioeconomic ladder are more prone to the effect of time poverty. The study speaks to the importance of social factors on mental health which has usually been considered an individual problem. Policies and services need to address women's working conditions and income security in order to increase their mental health.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
• /
• v.1995 no.11
• /
• pp.273-277
• /
• 1995

많은 생리적 지능 연구자들은 생체신호 또는 생리적 측정치들을 지능의 새로운 측정치로서 제안하고 있는데, 이들의 기본 가정은 현재의 지능검사는 교육, 가정의 양육태도, 부모의 사회경제적 지위와 같은 문화적 요인에 의해 크게 좌우되므로 지능의 편파적인 측정치가 될 수밖에 없고, 이러만 요인에 가장 적게 영향받는 생리적 측정치만이 순수한 지능 즉정치가 될 수 있다는 것이다. 따라서, 본 연구는 이러한 생리적 신호들 중 EOG(electro-oculograph)를 이용하여 안구의 움직임을 기록함으로서 피검자의 문제해결을 위한 집중력과 이해력 등을 알아보고자 하였다. 또한, 피검자의 정보처리과정을 알아보기 위해 반응시간(RT, reaction time)을 측정하였다. 17명의 건강한 남녀 학생들이 실험에 참여하였으며, 첫단계로 Raven's Advanced Matrices 검사와 IQ 검사를 실시하고, 검사 결과에 근거하여 각각을 세 그룹으로 나누었다. 두번째 단계로는 슬라이드로 제작된 도형유추과제를 푸는 동안 EOG와 RT를 측정하였다. IQ 검사 점수, RT, 그리고 EOG로부터 추출된 변수들 간의 상관관계를 구하기 위해 GLM(general linear model) 및 Duncan's multiple range test를 위한 통계분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과를 통하여 도형유추과제의 난이도가 높을수록 EOG변수들에 의한 지능점수의 분류능력이 높음을 알 수 있었으며, Raven그룹보다는 IQ그룹에 대한 분류가 더욱 잘 이루어졌음을 발견하였다. 그리고, RT는 Raven그룹과 IQ그룹 모두에서 높은 변별력을 나타내고 있음을 확인하였다.