• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.279-287
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• 2022

With the advancement of cyber threats and the development of hacking technologies, cyber security is being emphasized in various fields such as automobiles and ships. According to this trend, various industrial fields are demanding cybersecurity, and related certifications. In this paper, cybersecurity type approval is compared with the RMF stage under the premise that there are common elements with RMF in that cybersecurity elements must be reflected in the entire system development cycle. For comparison, type approval of maritime cyber security of the Korean Register of Shipping was selected. In conclusion, although type approval of maritime cyber security acquisition procedure is not divided by development stage like the RMF, there are the commonalities in the procedure to apply the cybersecurity element to the System development lifecycle like the RMF. Accordingly, the possibility of determining that the cybersecurity element was applied to the entire development cycle was confirmed.

• 정보화사회
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• s.103
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• pp.20-21
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• 1996

우리협회에서는 지난 5월 22일 '96년 7월부터 시행 예정인 초고속 정보 통신망 사업자 승인제도와 관련하여 업체 관계자들의 의견수렴 및 검토회의를 개최하고 동 승인제도(안)에 대한 개선방안을 도출하여 정보통신부에 건의서를 제출하였다.

• Transactions of the KSME C: Technology and Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2013

The Flare system is the offshore plant equipment for protecting humans and equipments from high heat radiations of waste gas and oil burning. As Primary equipment of well test systems, the flare system is essential Class(DNV, ABS etc) design certification. Therefore, this paper is introduced to be related to computational analysis of flare system design certification procedure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.239-243
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• 1997

상용기기(Commercial Grade Item CGI)란 구조물, 시스템, 콤포넌트 또는 그것들의 일부분을 구성하는 것으로써 안전기능(safety function)에 영향을 미치지만 basic component로써 설계되거나 제작되지 아니한 것을 의미한다 즉, ASME/NQA-1 Appendix B의 엄격한 품질보증 프로그램 하에서 설계되고 제작되지 아니한 것으로써 원전 이외의 분야에서 상용적으로 널리 사용되고 있는 기기들을 의미한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 원전 안전등급 분류기준 Non-Nuclear System(NNS) Simple에 해당되는 Non-Safety CGI를 Safety Application의 Nuclear Grade Item으로 사용하기 위한 CGI 평가 및 승인 절차를 제안하고 새로운 CGI 생명주기 모델을 제시하였다. 본 논문에서 제시한 CGI Dedication 절차 및 CGI 생명주기 모델은 우리나라 원전 계측제어계통의 디지털 upgrade plan 및 교체, 신규원전 상용기기 평가방법론에 적용할 수 있을 것이다. CGI Dedication은 10여년전부터 원자력계가 고민해온 분야로써 원전 계측제어계통의 디지털화에 따라 상용 (Commercial Off The Shelf : COTS) 소프트웨어의 승인과 함께 전세계적으로 hot issue가 될 만큼 활발한 연구와 논의가 현재 진행되고 있는 분야이다.

• Journal of Korea Ship Safrty Technology Authority
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• s.36
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• pp.15-27
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• 2014

본 연구는 수상레저기구 인증제도인 형식승인 검정제도와 우수사업장 제도를 활성화시키고자 형식승인시험기준 및 관련 법령을 개선하기 위한 개정(안) 마련을 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 수상레저기구 인증 관련 법령, 기준 및 제도 운영 현황을 조사하고 국내 외 유사인증제도의 내용과 비교 분석하여 수상레저산업 및 관련제도를 활성화할 수 있는 수상레저기구 형식승인기준 개정(안) 등을 제안하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.1383-1384
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• 2011

본 연구는 건설현장에서 발주청으로 보고하는 주기적인 업무보고자료를 대상으로 오프라인이 아닌 온라인 보고방식으로 업무처리절차를 개선하고자 한다. 또한, 온라인 보고시에도 단순 보고형식에서 승인 반려체계를 도입하여 시공사는 감리단에게, 감리단은 발주청에게 승인요청절차를 거쳐 승인 또는 반려처리함으로서 온라인으로 업무처리가 가능하도록 발주청과 건설현장간에 보고체계를 개선하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2024.01a
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• pp.467-468
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• 2024

본 논문에서는 중국의 자율운항선박 기술개발 현황 및 신기술 관련 승인제도에 관한 연구하고자 한다. 제4차 산업혁명에 따라 해운산업에서도 자율운항선박이 등장하게 되었고, 현재 많은 국가들이 치열하고 기술개발에 열을 올리고 있다. 우리나라 역시 자율운항선박 기술개발을 위해 노력하고 있으며, 이와 더불어 자율운항선박 상용화를 위한 규제특례 및 승인제도를 도입하고자 한다. 자율운항선박은 현존선과 다른 선박 구조적 특성 및 시스템상의 특성을 가지고 있으며, 국제해사기구의 기준을 기반으로 주요 해양국가들은 자율운항선박의 실증운전 및 상용화를 위하여 자율운항선박 및 기자재 인증제도를 채택하고 있다. 본 논문은 중국의 자율운항선박 기술개발 현황 및 자율운항시스템등과 같은 신기술 승인제도를 연구하여 시사점을 얻고자 한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.221-225
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• 1998

From February 1996 to May 1997, 18 patients underwent mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation. There were 9 male and 9 female patients aged from 19 to 68 years(mean, 53). Thirteen patients were in New York Heart Association(NYHA) class III and IV. The cause of mitral regurgitation was degenerative in 12 patients, rheumatic in 5 patients and infective in 1 patient. Fifteen patients were in Carpentier's functional classification II, 2 patients in Carpentier's class III and 1 patient in Carpentier's class I. Surgical procedures included prosthetic ring annuloplasty(16 cases), rectangular resection of posterior leaflet(15 cases), chordal shortening(5 cases), triangular resection of anterior leaflet(2 cases), commissurotomy(2 cases), partial transposition of posterior leaflet(1 case). These procedures were combined in most patients. There was no operative death. These patients have been followed from 1 to 15 months, mean of 6.7 months. There was one late death resulted from low cardiac output following mitral valve replacement. The function of the repaired valve in other 17 patients has remained satisfactory during the observed interval. We consider that mitral valve repair is highly satisfactory in patients with mitral regurgitation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.8
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• pp.536-545
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• 2007

Background: Compared to adult patients, mitral regurgitation in pediatric patients is uncommon and it shows a wide spectrum of morphologic abnormalities. We retrospectively evaluated the midterm results of mitral valve repair in pediatric patients. Material and Method: Between December 1993 and August 2006, mitral valve repair was performed in 35 patients who were aged less than 18 years, The mean age was $5.3{\pm}5.3$ years and the mean body weight was $20,0{\pm}16.3\;kg$. 18 patients had associated cardiac anomalies. The most common pathologic finding was leaflet prolapse (n=17). The most common method of repair was the double orifice technique (n=15). Result: There was no early mortality. Eight patients underwent reoperation (24.2%), and five of them required mitral valve replacement. Among the four ring annuloplasty cases, two have developed mitral stenosis. Four out of the 14 double orifice cases required reoperation. One case of early mortality and one case of late mortality occurred in the reoperation cases. The 5-year survival rate and the freedom from reoperation rate were $93.3{\pm}4.6%$ and $76.1{\pm}8.2%$, respectively. The 5-year freedom from mitral valve replacement rate was $83.6{\pm}6.7%$. There was no significant risk factor for reoperation. Conclusion: The midterm results of mitral valve repair are very acceptable in pediatric patients compared to the adult cases, although the reoperation rate is slightly higher.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.146-151
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• 1997

Between December 1993 and March 1996, 75 patients had undergone ubannular procedures in mitral valve reconstruction. Their mean age was 45 years and they consisted of 28 males and 47 females. The cause of mitral disease in 75 patients were classified as follow : 29 cases were degenerative, 40 cases were rheumatic, 3 cases were congenital, 2 cases were infectious and 1 case was ischemic. Average number of mitral anatomical lesion per patient was 3.1 and we used average 1.5 procedures on subannular structure in mitral valve per patient. Subannular procedures were chordae shortening 21, chordae transfer 22, new chordae formation 20, papillary muscle splitting 33, shortening of papillary muscle 2. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography was carried out for providing an immediate and accurate assessment of the adequacy of the reconstruction. There was no operative death. Patients have been followed up from 2 to 29months, mean 12.5. There were two failures that necessitated reoperation. The mean functional class (NYHA) was 3.19 preoperative and improved to 1.12 postoperatively. After mitral valve repair, the patients were improved hemodynamic, echocardiographic data. In conclusion, subannular procedure in mitral valve repair when feasible is stable and safe with a low prevalence of reoperation.