• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.395-402
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• 1995

The intravoxel spin phases in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) usually vary due to susceptibility differences of materials to be imaged. The phase variation in the voxel results in a reduction of the signal intensity. This signal intensity reduction is known as the susceptibility effect in MRI and has been studied extensively. In this paper, a new spectral decomposition technique Is proposed and the signal change due to the susceptibility effect can be analyzed. A pulse sequence for the spectral decomposition of the susceptibility was developed and applied to susceptibility imaging of venous blood possessing paramagnetic properties. The computer simulations and their corresponding experimental results obtained using both a phantom and human volunteers are reported. Key words : susceptibility effect in MRI : spectral decomposition of susceptibility effect.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.915-922
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• 2010

This paper presents an efficient method for determining the forced response of a spinning flexible disk-spindle system supported by fluid dynamic bearings(FDBs) in a computer hard disk drive(HDD). The spinning flexible disk-spindle system is represented by the asymmetric finite element equations of motion originating from the asymmetric dynamic coefficients of the FDBs and the gyroscopic moment of a spinning disk-spindle system. The proposed method utilizes only the right eigenvectors of the eigenvalue problem to transform the large asymmetric finite element equations of motion into a small number of coupled equations, guaranteeing the accuracy of their numerical integration. The results are then back-substituted into the equations of motion to determine the forced response. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by comparing it with the responses from the classical methods of mode superposition with the general eigenvalue problems, and mode superposition with modal approximation. The proposed method was shown to be effective in determining the forced response represented by the asymmetric finite element equations of motion of a spinning flexible disk-spindle system supported by FDBs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.370.2-370.2
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• 2016

투명 박막 태양전지는 건물과 일체화 된 building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) 시스템에 적용되어 건물의 외장재로서 외관의 심미적 가치를 높일 수 있다. 현재 BIPV 모듈은 glass 타입의 형태가 시장을 주도할 것으로 예상되며[1], 건물의 외부 미관을 고려하여 투명 박막 태양전지에 색을 구현하는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 투명 박막 태양전지에 적용하기 위한 목적으로 본 연구에서는 스핀코팅을 이용하여 표면 플라즈몬 효과가 큰 Cu 나노입자를 Si 웨이퍼와 유리기판 위에 각각 분포 시킨 후, 광학적 특성을 분석하였다. 스핀코팅의 속도(rpm)를 다양하게 변화 시킨 후 나노 입자의 분포를 관찰하였으며, 속도가 증가할수록 나노입자의 수는 감소함을 확인하였다. 또한 속도가 증가할수록 입자 사이의 거리는 멀어졌으며, 최저 속도 100 rpm에 비해 4000 rpm에서 스핀코팅 한 입자들은 응집이 상대적으로 되지 않았음을 관찰하였다. 속도가 증가할수록 입자가 기판 위에 적게 잔재하기 때문에 반사율과 투과율이 가시광선 영역에서 증가하였으며, 유리 기판에 구현한 색깔이 점차 옅어짐을 관찰하였다. 이러한 결과로부터 스핀코팅의 속도를 변화시킴으로써 나노입자의 분포 양상과 이에 따른 색상의 변화를 유발 할 수 있다는 사실을 확인하였다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2023

Because of their cleanliness, low friction, and high stiffness, aerostatic bearings are used in numerous applications. Aerostic bearings that use porous materials as means of flow restriction have higher stiffness than other types of bearings and have been successfully applied as guide bearings, which have high motion accuracy requirements. However, the performances of porous bearings exhibit strong nonlinearity and can vary considerably depending on design parameters. Therefore, accurate prediction of the performance characteristics of porous bearings is necessary or their successful application. This study presents a porous bearing design and performance analysis for a spindle used in wafer polishing. The Reynolds and Darcy flow equations are solved to calculate the pressures in the lubrication film and porous busing, respectively. To verify the validity of the proposed analytical model, the calculated pressure distribution in the designed bearing is compared with that derived from previous research. Additional parametric studies are performed to determine the optimal design parameters. Analytical results show that optimal design parameters that obtain the maximum stiffness can be derived. In addition, the results show that cross-coupled stiffness increases with rotating speed. Thus, issues related to stability should be investigated at the design stage.

• NEWSLETTER 전기공업
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• no.93-19 s.92
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• pp.38-40
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• 1993

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.9-14
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• 2007

In this paper, a rotating tool clamping device was developed based on a shape memory alloy(SMA) and its feasibility as a tool holder was experimentally explored. The SMA-based device was able to alter clamping to unclamping through temperature control within 1 second. The means and repeatability(${\sigma}$) of the tool clamping force were 185.5N and 6N respectively and its drifts were less than 3% for an hour. Considering the temperature hysteresis of the SMA-based tool clamping device, it is necessary to heat the SMA ring to around $50^{\circ}C$ after tool change to obtain more clamping force.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.202-203
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• 2015

멀티코어 시스템에서는 서로 다른 코어들이 공통 데이터를 동시에 접근할 때 데이터의 일관성을 유지하기 위해서 스핀락 기법을 사용한다. 전통적인 스핀락을 이용한 잠금 기법에서는 잠금 변수가 실행 도중 삭제되지 않으므로 문제가 되지 않는다. 그러나 병렬성을 최대화하기 위해서는 개별 객체 잠금을 하여야 하고 이를 위해서는 객체내에 잠금 변수를 유지하여야 한다. 이 경우 객체는 도중에 언제든지 삭제가 가능하기 때문에 잠금을 하는 도중에는 잠금 변수가 절대 삭제되지 않도록 하여야 한다. 본 논문은 멀티코어상에서 발생하는 이 같은 문제를 해결하기 위해 잠금 변수를 객체 내에 유지할 때의 개별적인 객체 잠금을 위한 스핀락 구현 방법을 제시한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.24 no.9 s.180
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• pp.2201-2210
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• 2000

Vibration of a rotating disk-spindle system is analyzed by using Hamilton's principle, FEM and substructure synthesis. A rotating disk undergoes the rigid body motion and the elastic deformation. It s equation of motion is derived by Kirchhoff plate theory and von Karman nonlinear strain. A rotating shaft is described by Rayleigh beam theory considering the axial rigid body motion. The stationay shaft supporting the rotating disk-spindle-bearing system is modeled by Euler beam theory, and the stiffness of ball bearing is determined by A.B.Jones' theory. FEM is used to solve the derived governing equations, and substructure synthesis is introduced to assemble each structure of the rotating disk-spindle system. The developed theory is applied to the spindle system of a 35' computer hard disk drive with 3 disks to verify the simulation results. The simulation results agree very well with the experimental ones. The proposed theory may be effectively expanded to the complex structure of a disk-spindle system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.2338-2343
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• 2015

An analytical model was developed in this study and then implemented into a tool for automation of FEA (Finite Element Analysis) of a spindle system for natural frequencies and modes in the universal FEA software, ANSYS. VBA of EXCEL was used for the implementation. It allowed graphic user interfaces (GUIs) to be developed for a user to interact with the tool and, in addition, an EXCEL spreadsheet to be used for data arrangement. A code was developed in the language of ANSYS to generate the geometric model of the spindle system, sequentially to construct the analytical model based on the information in the GUIs, and finally to perform computation for the FEA. Its automation of the model generation and analysis can help to identify a near optimal design of the spindle system under design in minimum time and efforts.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1139-1145
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• 2013

Machine tools are the cores of industrial development in recent period. It is difficult to develop a system which can do cutting and grinding process in the one system. Hybrid Vertical Grinding System is capable of processing in a single apparatus cutting or grinding. The modal analysis and structural analysis for the development of Hybrid Vertical Grinding System is the first time of domestic work. This paper describes the technologies of Hybrid Vertical grinding machine and intend to introduce the studies in the development of the Hybrid Vertical Grinding System.