• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.144-151
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• 2017

In this paper, the antenna for parking management using wireless communication in outdoor parking environment was proposed. The proposed antenna was miniaturized by using parasitic element to reduce the size of the radiating element of the basic ${\lambda}/2$ microstrip antenna. The dimensions of the proposed antenna are $35mm{\times}35mm{\times}20.1mm$ that is 98.7% smaller than $309.1mm(0.46{\lambda}){\times}296.1mm(0.441{\lambda}){\times}20.1mm(0.029{\lambda})$ of the basic ${\lambda}/2$ microstrip antenna. The electrical characteristics of the antenna are 1.1 dBi at the center frequency of 447 MHz, an omni-directional radiation pattern on the E-plane, and $87.5^{\circ}$ of HPBW on the H-plane. The miniaturized ${\lambda}/4$ folded microstrip antenna using parasitic element has proved to be easy to mount on the wireless repeater, the sensor node installed on the ground, and the strop bar in the outdoor parking environment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.1090-1093
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• 2010

인터넷의 급격한 발전과 이용자의 증가로 인터넷은 이미 우리 사회에서 없어서는 안 될 중요한 요소가 되었다. 이러한 인터넷의 발달은 IT산업의 핵심요소가 되었으며 그 중요성이 점점 부각되고 있다. 특히 무선 네트워크는 다양한 단말기(노트북, PDA, 스마트폰)가 대중화되었고 이를 지원하는 표준이 만들어졌으며, 무선 네트워크 사용지역의 확대로 인하여 언제 어디에서나 정보환경에 가까이 접근할 수 있는 여건이 마련되었다. 그러나 이동성이 좋고 편리한 무선 네트워크의 장점의 이면에는 개인정보가 유출될 수 있는 치명적인 문제점들이 드러나기 시작했는데, 케이블을 사용하는 유선환경과는 달리 무선환경에서는 전파를 이용하여 통신하는 점을 악용하여 무선 AP를 도청하거나 패킷을 스니핑하여 개인정보를 유출하는 사례가 빈번하게 일어나고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 사용되고 있는 무선 네트워크의 기술표준을 분석해보고 실제 무선환경에서 개인정보가 얼마나 쉽게 노출될 수 있는가를 알아보기 위해 제작한 사설 안테나를 사용하여 무선 AP의 신호를 가로채 패킷을 분석하는 방법을 시연한다. 또한 안테나 각각의 지름을 달리하여 신호강도의 차이가 얼마나 있는지 분석하고, 개인정보를 보호하기 위한 방법을 제시한다.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.378-384
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• 2020

The location information of the people or mover is essential for supporting various smart mobility services in railway stations which are mostly underground. For this purpose, a smart braille block is proposed to identify the location of the mover of the people. In this paper, the frequency characteristics of each material of the upper and lower parts of the braille block are analyzed to examine the appropriate materials for railway history. In addition, the guidelines for actual manufacturing were derived by analyzing the separation distance between two RF sensors in the smart braille block. As a result of analysis through the characteristic analysis in this paper, after selecting the material suitable for the construction site when the smart braille block is applied, the performance change of the RF system, especially the antenna that greatly influences the RF performance, must be reviewed in advance. It seems to have to be applied after checking through.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.277-284
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• 2018

This paper reports the transparent electrode, which would be applied to transparent displays and smart glasses. Herein, a squared metal mesh with the most widely used copper wire in microwaves is studied for the alternating thin-film-type transparent and conducting indium tin oxide(ITO), with a low conductivity(sheet resistance > $5{\Omega}/sq.$). The electromagnetic performance of a patch antenna with metal mesh is analyzed. This paper presents the results of the optical(OT, optical transparent) and electrical(sheet resistance) characteristics of a squared metal mesh, which is a basic design. To improve the OT, copper wire(w=0.2 mm) is used in fabricating the squared metal mesh and the relationship between the OT and the antenna performance(radiation gain, radiation pattern) was analyzed according to the mesh size(l=1, 2 mm). The measurement results show that the antenna performance and the optical characteristic are in inverse proportion to each other. In real applications, the optical and electrical characteristics, and the costs of production are to be considered.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.4125-4130
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• 2015

This paper presents the communication performance for the radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna in the wearable device measuring bio signal (temperature, blood pressure, pulse etc.) of human body. The operational frequency is 2.4 - 2.5 GHz, which covers Bluetooth communication bandwidth. The maximum gain of the antennas is 1.96 dBi. The proposed antenna is efficiently transmitting and receiving signal by generating two opposite beam directions using two RF switches (PIN diode). Also, we investigated how radiation pattern changes according to three angles ($30^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $150^{\circ}$) of Top Loading. In this paper, we measured and compared the SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) and BER (Bit Error Rate) performances of the proposed antennas in the condition between an ideal environment of anechoic chamber and smart house existing practical electromagnetic interferences (Universal Software Radio Peripheral, USRP). Throughout the comparing the results of the measurement of two cases, we found that the SNR is degraded over 5dB in average and BER is increased over ten times in maximum, therefore, it is confirmed that the error rate of receiving signal is increased. The measured results of SNR and BER value in this paper able to expect the performance degrading by the interference from the electromagnetic devices.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.46-50
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• 2005

Smart skin, a multi-layer structure of composed of a round shape antenna, was designed and fabricated. Tests and analyses was conducted to study its behavior under compressive loads. It was confirmed that the designed smart skin failed due to premature buckling before compression failure. Numerical prediction of structural behavior of smart skin by MSC.NASTRAN agreed well with experimental data.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.3-9
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• 2012

스마트폰의 대중화에 따라 요구되는 데이터 전송 속도와 품질이 증가하면서 4세대 이후의 차세대 통신 (Beyond 4G) 시스템은 기존의 셀 기반의 통신 방식에서 벗어나 협력통신이라는 새로운 패러다임으로의 전환을 요구받고 있다. 본고에서는 협력통신 기법들 중에서 차세대 통신의 핵심 기술로써 주목받고 있는 무선 릴레이 시스템에 대하여 소개하고 현재까지의 학계와 산업계의 기술동향과 앞으로의 전망을 알아본다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.26-26
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.189-190
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• 2008

In this paper, we evaluate the bit error rate (BER) performance for uplink communication of WiBro system when smart antenna technology is employed. It is shown that, by exploiting beamforming technology, smart antenna-based WiBro system shows improved performance by more than 4 dB in SNR compared to single input single output (SISO) system under one-path Rayhleigh fading channel condition.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.283-286
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• 2003

This paper presents a novel signal processing method for optimal beamforming of smart antenna system in cdma2000 1X mobile communication environments. This method utilizes characteristics of the reverse pilot channel of cdma2000 1X mobile communication systems, and applies them to improve the performance of an adaptive algorithm, which is used to a smart antenna system for beamforming.