• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.430-440
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• 1998

The average number of total viable counts for the commercial pork tested was 19/g, coliform 1.8/g, psychrophilic bacteria 15/g, heterotrophic bacteria 12/g, fecal streptococcus 6.2/100 g, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13/100 g and none of heat-resistant bacteria and Staphylococcus was detected. That for the commercial beef tested was 130/g, coliform 5.2/g, psychrophile 140/g, heterotroph 28/g, Staphylococcus 1.2/g, fecal streptococcus 9.5/100 g, Pseud. aeruginosa 1.9/100 g and heat-resistant bacteria was not detected. That for the commercial chicken tested was 8800/g, coliform 53/g, psychrophile 4600/g, heterotroph 4700/g, fecal streptococcus 9.9/100 g, Pseudo aeruginosa 2.5/100 g. That for milk was 4700/ml, psychrophile 120/ml, heterotroph 420/ml and the others were not detected. That for the commercial cheese was 3.2/g, psychrophile 2.3/g, heterotroph 1.6/g, Staphylococcus l/g, fecal streptococcus 9.1/g. That for fermented milk was $10^{7}/ml$, heatresistant bacteria $10^{6}/ml$, fecal streptococcus 2400/100 ml, lactobacillus $3.2{\times}10^{15}/ml$, in accordance with lactic acid bacteria and the others were not detected. There was not detected any indicator organisms from ham, sausage, butter, eggs and quails in the commercial fooods tested. SPC, coliform, psychrophile and heterotroph in commercial meats stored at $10^{\circ}C$ were increased rapidly as time goes on but heat-resistant bacteria, staphylococcus, fecal streptococcus and Pseudo aeruginosa were constant. At $20^{\circ}C$, SPC, coliform, psychrophile, heterotroph and fecal streptococcus were the highest at 7 days and heat-resistant bacteria, staphylococcus and Pseudo aeruginosa were increased a little. At $30^{\circ}C$, all indicators were increased rapidly for 3 and 7 days and then decreased rapidly. All indicator organisms were increased at the level of 10/g for 14 days in meat products stored at $10^{\circ}C$, but SPC, psychrophile and heterotroph in meat products stored at $20^{\circ}C$ were increased at the level of $lO^5/g$. It showed that the indicators in meat products stored at $30^{\circ}C$ had a tendency to increase at the level of $10^{2}/g$ relative to those stored at $20^{\circ}C$. SPC, psychrophile and heterotroph in milk stored at $10^{\circ}C$ increased up to the level of $10^4/ml$, but coliform, staphylococcus, fecal streptococcus and Pseudo aeruginosa were not detected. As stored at $20^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$, they were increased rapidly for 1 or 3 days and then constant for a long time.

• Bioindustry News
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.16-22
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• 1997

• 농업기술회보
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.17-18
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• 2014

최근 들어 식물의 뿌리 주변에는 사는 근권미생물과 식물과의 상호작용연구가 새롭게 조명되고 있다. 바실러스, 슈도모나스 등의 근권미생물은 식물의 면역기능을 활성화시켜 작물의 건강을 지키는 것으로 밝혀지고 있으며 이러한 기술을 도입할 경우 농작물의 안전 관리에 중요한 역할을 한다.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.202-207
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• 2012

Biodegradable poly(${\varepsilon}$-caprolactone)(PCL) microcapsules containing pseudomonas were prepared by W/O/W emulsion system. The characteristics and release behaviors of the microcapsules were investigated as a function of manufacturing conditions. The morphology and particle distribution of the microcapsules were observed by a scanning electron microscope and a particle size analyzer. The release behaviors of the pseudomonas were determined using a cell culture method. It was found that smooth and spherical microcapsules were formed by W/O/W emulsion system and particle size was in the range of 10 to 60 ${\mu}m$. The release behaviors of the pseudomonas were influenced by the manufacturing conditions. It was indicated that the increase of the surfactant content and stirring rate led to an increased release rate, resulting from the high specific surface area of the smaller particle size, and the increase of the PCL content provided the sustained release behaviors by the delay effect of diffusion in the release medium.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.62-68
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• 2017

The Alaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) belongs to the family Gadidae; it is a cold water fish, and has been developed as a novel aquaculture species in Korea. In this study, we describe ongoing surveillance for aquatic animal pathogens based on growth stages. We investigated bacterial flora in rearing water, and monitored pathogens; we also analyzed histopathological traits of abnormal fish. In rearing water, the total bacterial counts were $2.1{\times}10^3cfu/mL$ and Vibrio spp. (52%) were predominant in the larvae stage. In the juvenile and adult stages, the total bacterial counts were $3.4{\times}10^3$ and $3.2{\times}10^2cfu/mL$, respectively (with Pseudomonas sp. as the predominant species; 90% and 52%). This result revealed that the bacterial flora in rearing water changed depending on the feeding types. No virulent-bacteria or problematic viruses (VHSV, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus; NNV, nervous necrosis virus; MBV, marine birnavirus) were detected from outwardly healthy fish using either culture or PCR assay. Some juveniles (less than 5%) had gas bubbles on the gill lamellae, degeneration of the corneal epithelium, and choroid gland degeneration, suggesting that these symptoms were caused by external injury and secondary infection by opportunistic bacteria. Disease management is important to cope with disease emergence in the novel aquaculture species Alaska pollock.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.658-665
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• 1997

Identification of a soil microorganism strain X-8, producer of ${\beta}$-lactamase inhibitor, based on its morphological, physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomical characteristics was performed. The strain X-8 was identified as Pseudomonas sp. The beta-lactamase inhibitor produced by this strain was highly achieved in fermentation medium contained glucose 0.5%, urea 0.25%, $K_2HPO_4{\cdot}3H_2O\;0.5%,\;MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;0.5%,\;FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;0.01%,\;CuSO_4,\;ZnSO_4,\;MnSO_4\;0.02%$. The beta-lactamase inhibitor was not extracted by organic solvent such as n-butanol and ethyl acetate but remained in aqueous layer. The n-butanol extract showed antimicrobial activity against M. smegmatis. The ${\beta}$-lactamase inhibitor was stable at pH 7.0~8.0 and 4$^{\circ}C$ for 24h. The ${\beta}$-lactamase inhibitor was bound on ion exchanger Diaion WA-30 and HP-20 and eluted with 2N-$NH_4OH$ and acetone, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.127-133
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• 2003

The effect of parent rocks to the soil microbial diversity were investigated in soils developed from granite, limestone and basalt parent rocks. In the soils, microbial populations were positively related to the soil chemicals, such as soil pH with ftuorescent Pseudomonas, and soil EC with actinomycetes, fungi, mesophilic Bacillus and alkaliphilic bacteria. Gram negative bacteria, spore forming Bacillus, were maintained relatively same levels of population between granite, limestone and basalt soils. Among the species of Burkholderia, Pseudomonas and Ralstonia were dominated in the granite soils, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia and Phyllobacterium in the limestone soils, and Burkholderia in the basalt soils.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.1219-1228
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• 2021

Rhamnolipids are recognized as eco-friendly biosurfactants and produced by the bio-process employing bacteria. Pseudomons aeruginosa is well-known to produce rhamnolipids in high yield during fermentation process. Rhamnose and 𝛽-hydroxylated fatty acid are main chemicals for rhamnolipids, which are produced in the form of congener mixtures. In this paper, the synthetic mechanism of rhamnolipids within bacteria cells was presented in part and foam control technologies were qualitatively described. Foam control during fermentation process was important to regulate a continuous process. During last decade, the technologies are developed enough to challenge to a commercial-scale production. In particular, rhamnolipids will be more valuable if these can be applicable to value-added chemicals, such as medicines.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.236-241
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• 2011

Soil microbial diversity was responsible for a strong effect on the chemical properties of orchard soils. This study evaluated a relationship between soil chemical properties and soil microbial diversities at 25 sites in orchard soils in Gyeongnam Province. The average nutrients in the orchard soils were 2.6 times for available phosphorous, 2.3 times for exchangeable potassium and 1.3 times for exchangeable calcium higher compared to recommend concentrations in the orchard soils. Contents of available phosphorous and organic matter in the inclined piedmont soils were higher than those in the other topographical soils (p<0.05). Populations of fungi and fluorescence Pseudomonas sp. in the silt loam soils were significantly higher than those in the sandy loam soils (p<0.05). In principal component analysis of chemical properties and microbial populations in the upland soils, our findings suggested that population of bacteria should be considered as potential factor responsible for the clear orchard soils differentiation. The soil organic matter was significantly negative correlation with population of bacteria whereas was positive correlation with population of fungi in orchard soils.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 1996

For the purpose of development of bioremediation technology for soil contaminated by chlorinated phenols, this study was focused on the isolation and characterization of bacteria capable of degrading chlorinated phenols, the establishment of analytical methods for chlorinated phenols, and the investigation of the contaminated sites. One site near the Incheon Industrial Complex was identified as a pentachlorophenol (PCP)-contaminated spot. The soil brought from the PCP-contaminated site contained 10-100$mu\textrm{g}$/g wet soil of PCP. Many bacterial strains capable of growing on a minimal medium containing PCP were isolated from 15 soil samples collected throughout the land, and among them, 10 active isolates were finally selected for the further studies on the biodegradability and for the use in in situ bioremediation of contaminated soil. These isolates showed species-specific pattern in PCP-decrease and cell growth in a minimal medium containing 500-1,000mg/ιPCP. Strain Bul degraded 90% of PCP at 216 hrs after incubation. Expecially, strain Bu34 was capable of degrading 4,000mg/ι PCP and was identified as Pseudomonas putida Bu34. It is seemed that the isolated active bacteria could be effectively used for the bioremediation of PCP-contaminated sites.