• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.1 no.1_2
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• pp.24-34
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• 1989

We reexamined the skulls of 14 gobionine genera of Korea to study taxonomic status of Gobioninae. The character transformation series found in the morphology of urohyal was very distinct among other skeletal characters. The gobioninae fishes of Korea were divided into 4 groups based on their morphology of urohyal as follows ; 1. Coreoleuciscus, Gnathopogon group ; The horizontal plate of urohyal has a ellipse shape with posterior edge wedged and the length is longer than that of vertical plate. 2. Hemibarbus, Squalidus group ; The horizontal plate has a elongated rhombeus shape with posterior edge pointed and the length is shorter than that of vertical plate. 3. Sarcocheilichthys, Pseudopungtungia, Pseudorasbora, Pungtungia group ; the horizontal plate has a expanded rhombeus shape, the length is longer than that of vertical plate, the hypohyal attatchment is not bifurcated, and the profile of the horizontal and vertical plate curved ventrally. 4. Ladislavia, Gobiobotia, Abbottina, Hicrophysogobio, Pseudogobio, Saurogobio group ; The horizontal plate has a pin or wedge shape expanded anteriorly, the length is shorter than that of vertical plate, and the hypohyal attatchment is thickened laterally. This results agreed with those by the adductor mandibulae complex, the geniohyoideus of cephalic muscles, and the cephalic-lateral line canals.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.153-156
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 하이브리드 패턴 벡터를 이용하여 차량 번호를 실시간으로 인식하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 차량 입력 영상에서 전처리 과정을 거쳐 번호판의 수평 및 수직 명암값 빈도수 변화를 이용해 번호판 영역을 추출하고 하이브리드 패턴을 적용해 더 정확한 번호판 문자 및 숫자를 인식하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안한 알고리즘의 번호판 추출 과정에서는 번호판 영역의 문자와 배경이 뚜렷하게 구별되는 특성 및 번호 판 영역의 상대적인 크기의 특성과 수평 및 수직 빈도 수를 추하여 입력된 차량영상에서 번호판 영역을 추출한다. 또한 번호판 영역에서 잡음 제거와 세선화(Thinning)를 적용해 문자 및 숫자를 하이브리드 패턴 벡터를 적용하여 문자의 크기, 문자와 문자 사이의 밀집도의 특성, 이동에 무관한 특성을 이용해 차량 번호를 인식하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법들을 적용한 결과 기존의 원형 패턴 벡터 보다 훨씬 계산 속도가 빠르며, 차량 번호판의 크기에 관계없이 잡음에 영향을 받지 않고 차량 번호를 실시간으로 처리할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였고, 번호판 영역이 불규칙한 조명 상태에서도 더 정확한 차량 번호를 인식 할 수 있는 알고리즘을 본 논문에서 제안하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.275-281
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• 2007

Recently, steel-concrete composite structures are widely used in bridge and building constructions. In this paper, a new type of steel-concrete composite deck with profiled steel sheeting is proposed to replace the conventional cast-in-place reinforced concrete deck. Perfobond rib shear connectors were utilized to provide horizontal shear resistance between the profiled sheeting and the concrete. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed deck system, 8 full-scale deck specimens for PSC girder bridge were fabricated. The specimens were tested with four different shear span lengths to determine the horizontal shear resistance of the deck under a static monotonic loading. For comparison purpose, two reinforced concrete decks were also fabricated and tested. The horizontal shear resistance of the proposed deck system was calculated using the m-k method.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• 2000.08a
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• pp.241-244
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 차량 영상의 수평 및 수직 명암 값 변화 정보를 이용하여 번호판 영역을 추출하고 원형 패턴 벡터를 이용하여 번호판 내용을 인식하는 알고리즘에 관해 기술하였다. 제안된 알고리즘에서는 번호판 영역에서 문자와 배경이 뚜렷하게 구별되고, 일정한 명암도 변화를 가지면서 다른 영역보다 밀집도가 높다는 특성을 이용하여 수평 및 수직 명암도 변화값을 구하여 차량영상에서 번호판 영역을 추출하며 상당히 어둡거나 밝게 입력된 영상에도 동일한 인식 성능을 얻기 위하여 밝기 보정을 수행한다. 또한, 입력 문자의 크기, 이동 및 회전에 무관한 특성을 추출을 위해 원형 패턴 벡터를 이용하여 차량 번호를 인식하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법들을 적용한 결과 계산 속도가 훨씬 빠르며, 차량 번호판의 크기에 관계없이, 또한 잡음에 크게 영향을 받지 않으면서 번호판 추출이 정확하여 실시간 처리의 가능성을 제시하였을 뿐만 아니라 번호판 영역이 불투명하거나 불규칙한 조명 상태에서도 검출이 가능하였다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.5A
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• pp.873-880
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• 2006

PSC composite bridge with precast decks which was designed by the proposed horizontal shear equation was fabricated. Fatigue test was performed to evaluate the endurance of shear connection and the behavior of PSC composite bridge. After all the fatigue loading were applied, no crack and no residual slip were occurred. The flexural stiffness of PSC composite bridge was maintained the initial value, and demage of shear connection was not occurred. To verify the applicability of horizontal shear equation and shear connection detail and to evaluate the strength of PSC composite bridges, static test was also executed. PSC composite bridges with precast decks had 2.08 safety factor which was the ratio of crack to serviceability load and showed ductile behavior after ultimate load. Test results showed that the proposed design equation of the shear connection gave reasonable horizontal shear connection design. Fast and easy construction would be achieved using the suggested precast system.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

The method to remove the head of the cast-in-place pile using the detonating cord and horizontal separation plate was proposed in this paper. Plain concrete block was fabricated. Through the blasting test of the concrete block, the charge weight and the burden required for cutting the pile head were identified. The degree of damage of concrete blocks after cutting the head was checked using AUTODYN 2D. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the concrete block was cut using the 10 g/m detonating cord and horizontal separation plate, and the directional cutting of the block using the horizontal separation plate and the block damage caused by the detonating cord were reduced.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.193-198
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• 1998

본 논문은 차량 영상에서 번호판을 인식하는 방법에 관하여 기술한다. 번호판이 가지는 수평 경계선을 Peak & Valley로 표현하고, 번호판의 Color 특성을 이용하여 번호판 영역을 추출한 뒤, 번호판 영역에서 히스토그램 기법을 이용하여 문자를 추출하고, Maximum Likely Hood에 의해 문자를 인식한다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.684-689
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose car license plate recognition using morphological information and an enhanced neural network. Morphological information on horizontal and vertical edges was used to extract the license plate from a car image. We used a contour tracking algorithm combined with the method of histogram and location information to extract individual characters in the extracted plate. The enhanced neural network is proposed for recognizing them, which has the method of combining the ART-1 and the supervised teaming method. The proposed method has applied to real world car images. The experimental results show that the proposed method has better the extraction rates than the methods with information of the thresholding, the RGB and the HSI, respectively. And the proposed neural network has better recognition performance than the conventional neural networks.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.251-257
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to obtain an improved interpretation of heat transfer phenomena between blocks and fluids in the parallel conducting plates. Flow is two-dimensional, incompressible steady laminar flow over rectangular blocks, representing finite heat source on parallel plate. Heat transfer phenomena, temperature of blocks and heat transfer into the flow field are investigated for different spacings between blocks and Reynolds numbers. Results indicate that Nusselt number on the far upstream corner of the block was higher than that of any part of the block. As Reynolds number and spacings of blocks increased, Nusselt number increased. The distribution of local Nusselt number on the top surface of the conducting plate is similar to the case with insulated plate. Temperature of the block which has heat source in half cubage was approximately twice as high as temperature of the block which has heat source in whole cubage. As Reynolds number and spacings of blocks increased, overall temperature decreased. The peak value of block temperature occurred at position shifted to the right or upper right from center. The maximum temperature of block can be expressed as a function of Reynolds number, spacings between blocks, position of maximum temperature of each block and then it is possible to predict the maximum temperature of blocks.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1327-1336
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• 2013

In this study, the effects of corrugated webs on the ultimate behavior of horizontally curved I-shaped girders are investigated. Because of the geometric characteristics of corrugated plates, corrugated webs can be used for enhancing torsional and warping stiffness of plate girders. Many researches have been conducted to study the effects of corrugated webs on the ultimate behavior of straight girders. But, the studies of the ultimate behavior of horizontally curved girders with corrugated webs, which generally show out-of plane behavior manly, have been rarely performed so far. By performing inelastic-nonlinear analysis, the ultimate behavior of curved girders with corrugated webs is studied in this paper. Laterally unsupported length and subtended angle of girders, and length of height of corrugation of webs are considered as the geometric parameters which would be expected to affect the ultimate behavior. By this analytical study with considering the geometric parameters, the changes of ultimate behavior and load carrying capacity of curved girders with corrugated webs are investigated. Also, the effects of corrugated webs on the increase of load carrying capacity for curved girders are studied with comparing to the capacity of general curved girders with flat webs. According to the analytical results, corrugated webs can be used to increase the ultimate load carrying capacity of curved girders, because of their high torsional and warping stiffness. But, it is also indicated that they may decrease the load carrying capacity of curved girders which have relatively small subtended angle or initial curvature, because of an accordion effect.