• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.126-127
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• 2002

본 시험은 게르마늄 침지수 및 사료 첨가급여가 육용오리의 생산능력에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 1~10 일령에 자연수 또는 게르마늄 침지수를 공급하는 2개 요인에 각각 10~42일령 사료에 게르마늄을 0.0, 0.5 및 1.0% 첨가하는 3개 수준을 조합한 6개 처리에 180수의 육용오리를 2$\times$3요인 배치하여 42일간 사양시험을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 42일령 체중과 1~42일령간의 증체량은 1~10일령 간의 게르마늄 침지수 공급으로 향상되지 않았으며, 10일령 이후 사료의 게르마늄 첨가수준이 1.0%까지 증가함에 따라 점차 증가되는 경향이었으나, 통계적인 유의성은 없었다. 42일령까지의 전 기간 평균 사료요구율도 1~10일령간의 게르마늄 침지수 공급으로 향상되지 않았으며, 10일령 이후 사료에 게르마늄을 0.5% 첨가하였을 때 가장 우수하였으나, 역시 처리간에 유의적인 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 42일간의 사육기간 중 폐사율은 전반적으로 낮았고 처리간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 42일령의 도체율은 사료의 게르마늄 첨가수준이 증가할수록 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 역시 유의적인 차이는 없었다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.463-469
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• 2013

In this study, I examine whether differences in the levels of stress exist with regard to the police department size. To accomplish this, a way ANOVA analysis of variance(One-way ANOVA) was conducted. As a result, a significant difference was found in Job stress and traumatic stress according to the department size and grade. Specifically, first, in the job stress level on the department size, the smaller department size was, the higher job stress level was and the bigger department size was, the lower job stress level was. Second, in the traumatic stress level on the department size, the smaller department size was, the higher traumatic stress level was and the bigger department size was, the lower traumatic stress level was. Third, in the job stress level on the department grade, the lower department grade was, the lower job stress level was and the higher department grade was, the higher job stress level was. Fourth, in the traumatic stress level on the department grade, the lower department grade was, the lower traumatic stress level was and the higher department grade was, the higher traumatic stress level was.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.195-205
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary ME on growth performance and carcass characteristics in two different strains of broiler chicken. A total of one thousand, 1-day-old A strain and R strain male chicks were randomly assigned into 8 treatments in a $2{\times}4$ factorial arrangement. They were fed iso-nitrogenic (CP 21%) crumbled diets formulated to contain metabolizable energy (ME) 2,950 to 3,250 kcal/kg in increment of 100 kcal/kg in the starter phase (1 to 21d) and iso-nitrogenic (CP 19%) pelleted diets containing same ME levels as in the finishing phase (22 to 38d). The body weight (BW) gain of chicks fed the lower ME diets (2,950 or 3,050 kcal/kg) were higher than those of the higher ME groups. The dietary energy level showed significant effects on feed intake and feed conversion rate (FCR) from 1 to 38 days of age (p<0.05). With the increment of dietary energy, feed intake tended to be reduced, whereas FCR was improved in the two strains of broiler chickens. The lowest FCR was observed at 3,250 kcal/kg diet groups in both of the two strains from 1 to 38 days of age. Feed intake and BW gain during 38 days were significantly affected by the strain factor. Increasing dietary energy up to 3,250 kcal/kg had no effect on the relative weights of breast meat and abdominal fat. The dietary energy and strains showed significant effects on the dressing percentage. There were no significant differences in various blood profiles except for GPT activity.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.401-414
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• 2006

Twenty eight Holstein steers 12 months old and weighing about 300kg were andomly allotted into one of four groups being fed ammoniated rice straw(ARS) and substituted 30%, 40% and 50% crushed bamboo chip for ARS to determine the effects of different levels of bamboo chip on performance, digestibility and carcass characteristics. Daily weight gain was reduced as the substitution levels of bamboo chip for ARS as a roughage source increased but there were no differences in daily weight gain between steers fed ARS alone and 30% bamboo chip for ARS. Concentrates intakes were not different between treatments by the substitution levels of bamboo chip for the whole fattening period. Roughage intake tended to increase as the substitution levels of bamboo chip increased. Total feed intake was not affected by the substitution levels of bamboo chip. However, feed efficiency got worse with increasing levels of bamboo chip. Animals fed the roughage substituting 30% bamboo chip for ARS were higher in profit by 13% than animals fed ARS alone as a roughage source. Digestibilities of Dry matter(DDM) and crude fiber(DCF) were highest in animals fed ARS alone as a roughage source. DDM's were lower in higher substitution levels of crushed bamboo chip but there were no differences in DCF among animals fed different levels of bamboo chip as a roughage source. Crude protein digestibility was not affected by ammoniated rice straw or by the different levels of bamboo chip. Dressing percentage and backfat thickness were not affected by ammoniated rice straw or by the levels of bamboo chip but ribeye area was narrowed as the levels of bamboo chip increased. Beef color, fat color, texture, maturity and marbling score were not affected by feeding of ammoniated rice straw or by the levels of bamboo chip. According to these results, it may be concluded that profit can increase when Holstein bulls are castrated and roughage containing ammoniated rice straw plus 30% bamboo chip is offered.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.67-77
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• 1987

To obtain basic information concerning the soybean cultivar differences of physiological and ecological responses to soil pH to select and breed stably higher yielding cultivars, and to improve cultural management of soil differing in pH, the responses of soybean plants in growth, grain yield, nodule formation and its activity, and major chemical compositions of soybean plants were investigated using six cultivars and two levels of soil pH 5 and 7 of the pot and field experimental soil in Suwon, 1985. Acidic soil condition suppressed overall vegetative growth of soybean plants and thereby decreased stem length, number of nodes, leaf area, dry weight of the plants, root activity, nodulation and nodule activity, the content of allantoin nitrogen, total nitrogen, phosphorous, calcium, and magnesium of the plants. Due to the such responses of soybean plants to the acid soil, grain yield also decreased along with less grains per plant. However, the little difference in growth and yield of the cultivar Janbaeglcong in response to soil pH is considered to be a good source of breeding materials tolerant to acidic soil condition. In this regard Bongeui and Oialkong also were relatively stable in the growth and grain yield under the different soil acidity conditions.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.67-84
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary protein levels on laying hen performance. The level of methionine and lysine were 0.32% and 0.64%, respectively and the levels of protein were 12%, 13%, 14% or 15%. Total 384 laying pullets of 22weeks age were reared from January 28, 1989 to March 23, 1990 for 60 weeks. The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1 Egg productions was highest at 15% of protein in phase I, 14% in phase II, and 13% in phase III, and there was significantly different egg Production among treatments during phase I and phase II (P＜0.05). 2. Egg weight was heaviest in 14% of protein treatment in three phases and they showed significantly different egg weight among different levels of protein in phase I (P＜0.01), phase II and III (P＜0.05) , but there was not significantly different between 14% and 15% of protein. 3. Daily egg mass tends to increase followed by increasing of protein level and showed signifiant differences among treatments in phase I and phase II (P＜0.01). 4. The 14% of protein treatment showed the highest daily feed intake and it showed significant difference in phase I and phase II (P＜0.01) , but there was no significant difference between 14% and 15% of protein. 5. Feed efficiency was improved significantly followed by increasing of protein level in phase I (P＜0.01) and phase II (P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference among treatments in phase III. 6. Viability tends to increase as increasing of protein level, but there was no significant difference among treatments. 7. Utilizabilities of dry matter, crude protein and ether extract of experimental diets were not different among treatments, but the utilizability of carbohydrate tends to increase as increasing of protein level (P＜0.05). 8. Eviscerated yield and abdominal fat accumulation was not difference among treatments. 9. Egg shell quality and chemical composition of egg content were not different among treatments. 10. The feed cost per kg egg mass showed the cheapest in 13% of protein treatment in all phase, but there were no significant differences among treatments.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.356-362
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• 2000

Students' protocols obtained from audio/video taping of small cooperative group problem solving processes were analyzed in the aspectsof verbal behaviors. The frequencies of the behaviors were com-pared by students' previous achievement level. Students' involvement in the verbal interaction for each level of students in each small group were also investigated. High-ability students ebility students and medium-or low-ability students.No significant differences were found in the subcategories of 'receiving information' or 'asking'. 0nly 3 small groups among 12 groups studied were found tobe bal-anced in students' involvelment. lnvolvement of medium-ability studentstended to be lower than that of high-and low-abilit students.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.123-136
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• 2001

우리나라 중학교 2학년 학생들은 제3차 수학.과학 국제비교연구인 TIMSS와 그 반복연구인 TIMSS-R의 수학 검사에서 최상위권의 성취 수준을 보임으로써 국내외 연구자들의 관심의 초점이 되어 왔다. 이 논문은 우선 우리나라 학생들이 높은 성취 수준을 기록할 수 있는 원인을 $\circled1$ 체계적인 수 세기 방식, $\circled2$ 상급 학교 진학을 위한 시험의 대비, $\circled3$ 수학 교사 의 능력, $\circled4$ 교육과정과 검사와의 관련성, $\circled5$ 검사에 대한 태도라는 다섯 가지 측면에서 탐색하였다. 또한 높은 성취 수준 이면에 드리워진 부정 적인 측면을 조망하여 $\circled1$ 공학적 도구 의 이용에 대한 소극성, $\circled2$ 실생활 관련 문장제에 대한 저조한 성취 수준, $\circled3$ 지역에 따른 성취 수준의 차이, $\circled4$ 수학에 대한 부정적인 태도의 네 가지로 요약하였다. 또한 TIMSS-R 의 수학 성취 수준에 대한 성별 차이를 $\circled1$ 친숙함/생소함, $\circled2$ 대수/기하, $\circled3$ 자유반응형/선택형이라는 세 가지 측면에서 분석하였다. 마지막으로 국제비교 연구의 결과는 국가별 평균성취 수준의 양적인 비교에 초점을 두기보다는, 성취도 이면에 깔린 다양한 요소에 대한 복합적인 고려와 깊이 있는 분석을 통해 수학교육의 현 상태를 점검하는 하나의 잣대로 이용해야 한다는 점을 지적하였다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.99-110
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• 1994

저자는 저작 수준의 등척성 수축시 하악 폐구근에서의 근전도 스펙트럼의 특성을 규명하기 위하여, 정상 성인 25명을 대상으로 최대수의적 수축의 40% 수준으로 근활성을 2분간 유지하게 하고, 이때 전측두근과 교근에서 얻어진 근전기 신호를 컴퓨터를 이용한 근전도 시스템을 이용하여 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 저작 수준의 등척성 수축 지속시 시작과 마지막 구간 모두에서 전측두근과 교근의 평균중간주파수와 중간주파수 기울기는 성별 및 연령의 영향을 받지 않았다. 2. 저작 수준의 등척성 수축 지속시 시작과 마지막 구간 모두에서 전측두근과 교근의 평균중간주파수와 중간주파수 기울기는 좌우사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. 저작 수준의 등척성 수축 지속시 전측두근과 교근의 마지막 구간 평균중간주파수는 시작 구간 평균 중간주파수보다 통계학적으로 유의하게 낮았다.(전측두근 : p<0.01, 교근 : p<0.01). 4. 전측두근과 교근에서 저작 수준의 등척성 수축이 지속됨에 따라 시작 구간과 마지막 구간 모두에서 power spectrum은 저주파 영역으로 이동하였으나, 중간주파수 기울기는 시작 구간과 마지막 구간 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.499-508
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the participants' motivation, successful aging level, health behavior and depression level, and to find out the correlation in order to develop a self-management program that helps women successfully age after menopause and lower depression. The study data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, and one-way ANOVA for 252 postmenopausal women. The results of the study showed that the difference in the level of exercise participation motivation and successful aging according to general characteristics showed statistically significant differences according to health level, exercise type, exercise help, residence, etc. The level of health behavior and depression differed significantly according to age, health level, type of exercise, and exercise period, etc. In addition, the level of depression was significantly different according to cohabitation family. The correlation analysis result showed that the correlation coefficient between exercise participation motivation, successful aging, and health behavior was significant at the level of .001, and between depression and health behavior at the level of correlation coefficient of .05. We conclude that it is very important to develop a self-managed exercise program for postmenopausal women, as it will help successful aging and reduce depression.