• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.111-125
• /
• 2012

This study investigates the behavioral characteristic difference of the container volumes of three ports-Gwangyang, Incheon, and Pyeongtaek-Dangjin. All series span the period January 2003 to December 2011. I first test whether the series are stationary or not. I can reject the null hypothesis of a unit root in each of the level variables and of a unit root for the residuals from the cointegration at the 5 percent significance level. I hitherto make use of error-correction model and find that Gwangyang port is the slowest in adjusting the short-run disequilibrium, whereas the adjustment speed of Incheon is much faster than that of Gwangyang. The impulse response functions indicate that container volumes increase only a little to the negative shocks in exchange rate, while they respond positively to the shocks in the business activity in a great magnitude and decay very slowly to its pre-shock level. meaning that the shocks last very long. The accumulative response to the exchange rate increase of 20 won per dollar and the 5 point industrial production increase is the smallest in Gwangyang, no more than a half of that of two ports. The intervention-ARIMA models also forecast that Gwangyang port will have much lower growth rate than Incheon and Pyeongtaek-Dangjin port in trading volumes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.617-624
• /
• 2021

Concrete-filled steel tubular columns can improve the strength and deformation capacity of structures, thereby enabling the development of efficient structures. The Korean design standard (KDS41) regarding concrete-filled steel tubular structures, established by the architectural institute of Korea in 2005, was revised in 2009 and 2016. The objective was to understand the compressive strengths and deformation capacity of stub columns for concrete-filled square steel tubes under uniaxial compression and validate the KDS41's standard code for necessary corrections. Experiments were conducted on 26 specimens with parameters, such as the width-thickness ratio of cold-formed square tubes. The following values of the stub columns for concrete-filled square steel tubes were obtained: compressive strengths, relationship between the axial load and axial displacement, and failure modes. An analysis of these results enabled an understanding of the concrete-filled effect and the influence of the wide-thickness ratio. The compressive strengths of filled concrete saw a 9% increase compared to a state of uniaxial stress, which must be noted in a future edition of KDS41. After benchmarking the results regarding square steel tubes generated by cold forming to the guidelines provided by the KDS41, the KDS41's value of 2.26 for the limiting width-to-thickness ratio for the compact section was found to be inflated. With a safety concern, this paper proposes a more conservative value of 1.35.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.197-205
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship among subjective norms, attitude, perceived behavioral control, action intended with Korean culture familiarity using extended behavior model. To test hypotheses structural equation model was used. The results are shown as follows: Korea culture familiarity influences significantly attitude, and subjective norms also influences attitude and perceived behavioral control. In addition, attitude and perceived behavioral control influence significantly action intended. Development Korean food Program and events that combines Korean culture will affect the eating behavior of foreign tourists and the Globalization of Korean Food.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.211-217
• /
• 1986

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of FSH on in vitro maturation and in vitro fertilizing ability of oocytes recovered from normal follicles of different sizes in superovulated rabbits. Follicular oocytes recovered were cultured in modified Ham's F12 medium containing 0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10$\mu\textrm{g}$ FSH/ml for 18 hours and investigated the degree of cumulus cells expansion and nuclear maturation, which were fertilized with in vivo capacitated rabbit sperm. 1. The number of normal follicles<1.5mm, 1.6 to 2.5mm and> 2.5mm in diameter at 16 to 18hrs after HCG administration was 4.8 (38.8%), 5.5(45.4%) and 3.3(15.8%), respectively. Average percent of oocytes recovered was 69.7% and larger follicles tended to have a higher percent, recovery rate than smaller follicles. 2. The degree of cumulus expansion in medium containing 0.1$\mu\textrm{g}$ FSH/ml was similar to that of control, but markedly decreased under the level of above 1$\mu\textrm{g}$ FSH/ml. The proportions of oocytes which reached the second meiotic metaphase were 57.1, 61.5, 43.8 and 45.0% in medium containing 0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10$\mu\textrm{g}$ FSH/ml, respectively. Oocytes from larger follicles showed a higher nuclear maturation than that from smaller follicles. 3. In vitro fertilization rate of oocytes matured under 1$\mu\textrm{g}$ FSH/ml was slightly, not significant, higher than that of others. 4. Progesterone level in follicular fluid was about 67 to 71ng/ml with no difference in follicular sizes and estradiol-17$\beta$ level was under 25pg/ml.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.81-89
• /
• 2001

Space systems are operating in a changing and uncertain space environment and are desired to have autonomous capability for long periods of time without frequent telecommunications from the ground station At the same time. requirements for new set of projects/systems calling for ""autonomous"" operations for long unattended periods of time are emerging. Since, by the nature of space systems, it is desired that they perform their mission flawlessly and also it is of extreme importance to have fault-tolerant sensor/actuator sub-systems for the purpose of validating science measurement data for the mission success. Technology innovations attendant on autonomous data validation and health monitoring are articulated for a growing class of autonomous operations of space systems. The greatest need is on focus research effort to the development of a new class of fault-tolerant space systems such as attitude actuators and sensors as well as validation of measurement data from scientific instruments. The characterization for the next step in evolving the existing control processes to an autonomous posture is to embed intelligence into actively control. modify parameters and select sensor/actuator subsystems based on statistical parameters of the measurement errors in real-time. This research focuses on the identification/demonstration of critical technology innovations that will be applied to Autonomous Spacecraft Health Monitoring/Data Validation Control Systems (ASHMDVCS). Systems (ASHMDVCS).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.8
• /
• pp.476-484
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of reading, writing fluency of the underachieving children and stuttering children and school-aged children and frequency of errors. The participants were 15 underachieving children and 15 stuttering children and 15 school-aged children without disabilities. All participants were required to conduct reading, writing, speaking tasks. First, work for the reading tasks were different among the underachieving children and stuttering children and school-aged children. Second, writing tasks were not different among the groups in the writing fluency, but it was lacking in accuracy, which is stuttering, speaking fluency as well as their language fluency is suggesting the need for diagnosis and intervention. Third, this type of errors of writing tasks is showed higher levels of ommission, substitution, grammatical errors in the underachieving children group. The therapy of reading of stuttering also consider a treatment program that can be configured in the combined writing tasks.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of osmolarity and vitamins on the in vitro development of embryos. Bovine embryo that had been matured and fertilized in vitro were cultured in simple, chemically defined, protein free medium (mTLP-PVA). When the osmolarity of the medium supplemented 0.35 mM phos-phate and 19 amino acid was changed by NaCI concentration, significantly(p<0.05) higher pro-portion of 1-cell embryos in the medium of 265 or 290 mOsm developed to the morula (32 ~ 35%) and blastocyst(24 ~ 28%) stage. When embryos were transferred to fresh medium containing 5.56mM glucose at 120hrs post-insemination, the highest proportion of embryos developed to mor-ula(40%) and blastocyst(32%) stages at 290 mOsm(p<0.05), although the value in morulae was not significantly different with that(35%) at 315 mOsm. Vitamins in presence of glutamine and amino acids had no beneficial effects on the development of 1-cell embryos to the blastocyst.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.99-103
• /
• 1994

The herbicide bialaphos is a potent inhibitor of glutamine synthetase in higher plants. A bialaphos resistance (bar) gene encoding for an acetyltransferase was isolated from genomic DNA of Pseudomonas syringae pv tabaci. The bar gene was ligated to the binary vector pBI121. Pistils of tobacco plane were heated with the bar gene containing plasmid DNA at various times after pollination. When the treatment was applied at 30 and 40 h after pollination, a number of transgenic plants were obtained. Premary transformation (T$_{0}$ generation) and their progenies (T$_1$T$_2$) were resistant to both bialaphos and kanamycin at a dosage lathal to untransformed control plants. Stable integration of bar gene into chromosomal DNA was proven by Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA isolated from T$_1$progenies. These results show that the bialaphos resistant plane could be obtained by treatment to pistils with the exgenous bar gene through the fertilization cycle of tobacco.o.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.325-329
• /
• 1994

Seasonal and diurnal variation in serum testosterone was measured by radioimmunossary in 3 mature Korean native male goats. Blood was collected at 3-h intervals for 24h in each season. Mean levels of 4 seasons ranged from 0.82 to 2.06ng/ml and no difference was among seasons, although level in fall and winter was slightly higher. Diurnal level tended to increase at daytime in all season and when diurnal variation in level was compared to daily mean of each season, level of daytime greatly(P<0.05) increased in summer. However, variation between light and dark period in other seasons did not show significant difference. Daytime increase of testosterone was found 3 to 4 after dawn and level increased 1 to 2h ahead in summer and fall than that in others. These results in serum testosterone suggest that there was no great seasonal variation in endocrine function of goat testis.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.70-77
• /
• 1990

The change of phosphatase activities of the epididymal spermatozoa has been examined during epididymal maturation in mouse. The quantitative analysis of phQsphatase activities have been carried out using the method modified by Emst(1975). The results of experiment were summarized as the followings. Total protein of the caput epididyrnal spermatozoa(CPS) was measured as 59.1 $\pm$8.4(mg/10 9 spermatozoa), and that of the cauda epididymal spermatozoa(CDS) was 14.0$\pm$12.3(mg/10 9 spermatozoa). When phosphatase activities of the CDS in basic reaction medium were 29.2% in alkaline phosphatase, 44.9% in ATPse and 53.8% in acid phosphatase. The activities were eminently decreased in all CDS in contrast to those of CPS. The alkaline phosphatase and ATPase activities of K+ -dependent were decreased in CDS when compared with caput epididymal spermatozoa, and alkaline phosphatase, ATPase and acid phosphatase activities of $Ca^2$+ -dependent were increased in homogenized spermatozoa when compared with intact spermatozoa. From these results, it may be concluded that the decrease of phosphatases activities in spermatozoa during epididymal maturation may play some significant roles in acquiring fertilizing capability.