• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.38-48
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• 2006

For extending of hot-spot of WLAN, (2) proposes internetworking scheme between wireless LAN (WLAN) and mobile ad-hoc network (MANET), which employ the same layer-2 protocol with different mode. Compared to internetworking schemes between UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems) and WLAN (3-4), the scheme from (2) has relatively low overhead and latencies because WLAN and MANET are physically and logically similar to each other. However, the mode switching algorithm proposed in r2] for internetworking between WLAN and MANET only considers signal strength and determines handoff, and mobile nodes following a zigzag course in pollution area may perform handoff at short intervals. Furthermore, (2) employs mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) at base, which brings still high delay on handoff and overhead due to signal message exchange. In this paper, we present optimized internetworking scheme between WLAN and MANET, modified from (2). To settle ping-pong handoff from (2), we propose adaptive mode switching algorithm. HMIPv6 is employed for IP connectivity and mobility service in WLAN, which solves some shortcomings, such as high handoff overhead and vulnerable security. For routing in MANET, OLSR is employed, which is a proactive Protocol and has optimally reduced signal broadcasting overhead. OLSR operates with current P protocol compatibly with no change or modification. The proposed internetworking scheme based on adaptive mode switching algorithm shows better performance than scheme from (2).

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.129
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• pp.247-265
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• 2014

In this paper I will undertake three tasks: first, to identify the difference between John Rawls's liberal conception of liberty and Will Kymlicka's; second, to briefly examine the problems with liberal conception of liberty; finally, to propose a certain alternative that will be able to make liberal conception of liberty more meaningful In Kymlicka's view, Rawls seems to fail to make the best defence of freedom of choice because he wants to explain of individual freedom on the basis of Kant's moral theory about liberty. Kymlicka thinks that it is not a desirable way of defending liberal conception of liberty. According to his liberal theory, Rawls's defence of freedom of choice might make us think that we should have our freedom of choice for its own sake because freedom is the most valuable in the world. So Kymlicka wants to provide stronger argument to defend freedom of choice in liberalism. He insists that it is our projects and tasks that are most important things in our lives. Furthermore, he argues that we should conceive our freedom of choice as a precondition for pursuing those projects and practices that are valued for our good lives. Now I want to look at two concepts of liberty in liberalism with Rawls's theory and Kymlicaka's. In this paper, I shall look at criticisms of the liberal account of freedom of choice. These would give us a certain chance for understanding true freedom.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.4-11
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• 2007

There have been increasing concerns about decreasing crop productivity due to salt accumulation in greenhouse soils. The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of rice straw and woodchip application to a salt accumulated greenhouse soil on crop productivity and soil quality. The application of rice straw (RS) and woodchip (W) increased tomato yield and decreased blossom-end rot, and increased yield of Chinese cabbage compared with standard recommended fertilization ($204-103-122kg\;ha^{-1}\;N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ for tomato and $222-64-110kg\;ha^{-1}\;N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ for Chinese cabbage), while less soil residual nitrate, phosphatephosphorus, and potassium. In addition to the organic material application, fertilization reduction based on soil testing may also contribute to relatively low level of soil residual nutrients. Application of the organic material reduced soil bulk density presumably because of improved soil aggregation and structure, and increased biomass C and dehydrogenase activity. In comparison to rice straw, woodchip application resulted in higher crop yield, less amount of soil residual nitrate and lower soil EC, and greater biomass and dehydrogenase activity. The results obtained in this study indicateshowed that woodchip amendment along with reduced fertilization based on soil testing can be one of essential management practices for salt accumulated greenhouse soils.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.147-156
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• 2021

There are various treatment options such as conventional complete denture, hybrid prosthesis and implant-supported fixed prosthesis for fully edentulous patients. In case of implant-supported fixed prosthesis, compared to removable prosthesis, it is difficult to place the implant in the correct position considering the anatomical contours of the final prosthesis. In this case, a full mouth rehabilitation with implant-supported fixed prosthesis was performed for a patient who required extraction of all remaining teeth due to dental caries and chronic periodontitis. In the implant placement stage, the implant was placed in the desired position using a surgical guide fabricated considering the anatomical contours of the final prosthesis, and the function and esthetics were evaluated through correction and re-fabrication of the fixed provisional restoration. A final restoration of porcelain fused to gold prosthesis was delivered to the patient based on the provisional restoration. To cope with complications such as loosening of screws and fracture of porcelain, a screw-retained type prosthesis was fabricated for the posterior part and a screw-cement-retained type prosthesis for the anterior part. As a result, the patient showed an improved prognosis in terms of functional and esthetics after the final prosthesis was delivered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.423-432
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• 2019

Along with an increase in marine activities every year, the frequency of marine accidents is on the rise. Accordingly, various research activities and policies for marine safety are being implemented. Despite these efforts, the number of accidents are increasing every year, bringing their effectiveness into question. Preliminary studies relying on annual statistical reports provide precautionary measures for items that stand out significantly, through the comparison of statistical provision items. Since the 2000s, large-scale marine accidents have repeatedly occurred, and case studies have examined the "accident response." Likewise, annual statistics or accident cases are used as core data in policy formulation for domestic maritime safety. However, they are just a summary of post-accident results. In this study, limitations of current marine research and policy are evaluated through a literature review of case studies and analyses of marine accidents. In addition, the ontology of the marine accident information classification system will be revised to improve the current limited usage of the information through an attribute analysis of boating accident status reports and text mining. These aspects consist of the reporter, the report method, the rescue organization, corrective measures, vulnerability of response, payloads, cause of oil spill, damage pattern, and the result of an accident response. These can be used consistently in the future as classified standard terms to collect and utilize information more efficiently. Moreover, the research proposes a data collection and quality assurance method for the practical use of ontology. A clear understanding of the problems presently faced in marine safety will allow "suf icient quality information" to be leveraged for the purpose of conducting various researches and realizing effective policies.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.52
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• pp.107-130
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to catch the characteristics of the Hanju Yi Jinsang (寒洲 李震相, 1818~1886)'s thought of the 'Li(理)' through Hanju's view on the Ido-seol(理到說), the Toegye Yi Hwang(退溪 李滉, 1501~1570)'s latter Mulgyuk(物格) theory, and to establish the foundation for identifying the aspects of development about Toegye School's concept of Li from Toegye's Ido-seol. The Ido-seol was criticized for regarding Li - the immovable principle - as 'living thing'. Toegye School's scholars tried to solve this problem by translating the 'word' correctly. Hanju also translated the word 'Do(到)', the verb of 'Ido', as meaning of 'perfectly understood' based on his translation of the word 'Gyuk(格)' as 'Ku(究)'. On the other hand, he also regarded the principle-application structure of Li and the its characteristic the 'Li as Hwalmul(活物)' as the main point of Toegye's Neo-confucianism thought his methodology 'Three viewpoints[三看法]'. Before Hanju, scholars dose not have more opinion from the translation of the word, and it is too difficult to identifying their scholarly identity through their viewpoints on Ido-seol. On the other hand, Hanju thought that the lack of the idea for comprehensive approach between Xin(心) and Li(理) will cause the misunderstanding the relationship between Xin and Li. In this reason, he evaluated Toegye's Ido-seol based on the concept of 'One principle and its manifoldness[理一分殊]'. Consequently, he concatenated the characteristic of Xin which includes all things with concept of Mulgyuk, and emphasized that Xin which penetrates the principle of all things has the characteristic of 'One principle(理一)'.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.608-618
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• 1996

Wild perennial types of genus Glycine, as sources of genetic diversity, have been recently employed in the soybean breeding programs. This study was carried out to introduce some useful characters of wild perennial Glycine tomentella into common cultivars, G. max. Parent materials used for interspecific hybridization were three common cultivars, Ulsankong, Baemkong and Danyeobkong, and four G. tomentella strains having different diploid(2n) of 38, 40, 78, and 80. Their cross-fertility, effect of reciprocal cross, development comparison of crossing pod and optimum timing to efficient crossing were investigated. Plant were grown in 1/2,000 Wagner pots in greenhouse and field. Crossing efficiency and pod survival rate were the highest in 2n=38 of the four G. tomentella strains when the common cultivars were fixed as female parents. In the reciprocal cross of three common cultivars and four G. tomentella strains, when the former was used as maternal sources, they showed better crossing rate and longer pod survival than the latter. In the interspecific hybridization between G. max cv. Baemkong andG. tomentella, 2n=38, the pod formed from the female G. tomentella had relatively greater size and weight than that from the female Baemkong in comparison with parents. However, the reverse result was true in a number of ovules per pod. More efficient interspecific hybridization in the field was made on August 20, when temperature and relative humidity were higher and day length was shorter, than one or two months earlier.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.283-288
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• 2008

The Pseudogobio esocinus were caught at Wyuleo-ri, Gyeombaek-myeon, Boseong-gun, Jeollanamdo from April to May 2003. The fishes were incubated in transparent aquarium located at the laboratory of Chonnam National University, and their embryonic and larval development were observed. The fertilized eggs were spherical, semitransparent, and adhesive, and were $1.98{\pm}0.19mm$ (n=50) in diameter. The embryo, including 31$\sim$32 myotomes, hatched through egg membrane at 164 hrs after fertilization. The newly-hatched larvae were $4.61{\pm}0.83mm$ (n=10) in total length (TL). At that moment, yolk was not absorbed, and mouth and anus were not open. Star and spot shaped melanophores were distributed on the lens, and dorsal, ventral, and caudal parts. At 42 days after hatching, larva was $16.22{\pm}0.65mm$ (n=10) in TL. Melanophores were scaterred at head, back, and side parts. Morphological features of the embryo were transferred to juvenile stage showing similar features with those of the adult fish.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1997

The conventional methods of container forecasting is done through regression methods based on GNP growth trends and by other forecasting methods proposed by several authors. However these efforts prove to be inadequate with visible weakness and a more reasonable approach need to be determined. The succeeding sections elaborate the methodology and approach adopted. The results are then compared through a case study involving the forecast figures derived by the Pusan Port Authority and the values obtained by MRCS model introduced in this paper.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.169-178
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• 2024

Recently, several attempts have been made to integrate AI into the field of dentistry. To overcome the limitations of traditional fixed prosthetic fabrication methods such as CAD-CAM (computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing), AI programs are being developed for automated crown fabrication, and various studies are underway to applicate in clinical situation. In these case studies, single-unit fixed prostheses were fabricated using an AI program (Dentbird Crown, Imagoworks Inc, Seoul, Korea) in both the anterior and posterior regions and the fabrication time and accuracy were compared with previously used CAD-CAM method. The first case is a 44-year-old woman who presented for re-fabrication of a zirconia prosthesis due to a prosthesis fracture on the lingual side of the upper right lateral incisor. The second case is a 53-year-old male patient who presented for a crown restoration on an upper left first molar following root canal treatment, where he received a final zirconia restoration. In both cases, the first prosthesis was designed manually using a CAD program, the second prosthesis was designed using AI alone, and the third prosthesis was designed using AI and then modified by CAD program, and the three designs were superimposed to compare suitability. When evaluated after temporary placement, the final prosthesis demonstrates adequate stability, retention and support, resulting in functional and esthetic satisfaction.