• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.197-220
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• 2017

This paper provides empirical evidence on the impact of increasing import penetration on the job stability of Korean workers. The main results are as follows. First, import penetration negatively affects job stability. If an industry's ratio of imports to total supply increases by 1 percentage point, the turnover probability of workers in that industry increases by 4.5 percentage points. Second, the effect of trade liberalization is not symmetric between imports and exports. Unlike the case of imports, an industry's ratio of exports to output does not have a significant effect on job stability. Third, the impact of import penetration is not uniform across different types of workers. The negative impact is greater for workers in small firms, less educated workers, and those not protected by labor unions.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.245-262
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• 2013

The transaction size between South Korea and the European Union (EU) had increased by more than two times among 2003 to 2008. With rapid growth of transaction, the EU was becoming important transaction object of South Korea gradually. EU has used the Antidumping policy as a trade protection tool against Korean products due to reduce the deficit of trade balance of payment, boost the economic growth and protect its weak industries. This paper investigates whether there is a connection between the EU's macroeconomic activity and pressures for protection to Korean products under antidumping measures with using the current data that come from the WTO, World Bank for 2004 to 2012. The result suggests that pressures for protection under Antidumping measure against exporting of Korean products to EU have increased during periods of macroeconomic weakness of low GDP growth, larger deficit of trade balance, however, has not significantly affected during periods of high unemployment.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.18 no.3_4
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• pp.129-181
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• 1996

산업구조변화의 일반적인 추세는 나라마다 비슷한 모습을 보인다. 그러나 국가별, 산업별로 관찰해 보면 구조변화의 방향과 경로가 상당히 다양할 뿐 아니라 구조조정의 성과도 다르게 나타나고 있다. 본고(本稿)에서는 한국의 산업구조변화가 산업특성별로 어떻게 다른 모습을 보이고 있으며, 선진국들과 비교할 때 어떤 다른 특징이 관찰되는지를 검토함으로써 구조조정의 내용과 성과를 평가하고 정책적 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 구조조정의 성과에 대한 평가의 근간은 "경제발전의 원동력은 혁신능력에 있다"는 "슘페터"의 명제에 두고 있다. 혁신집약적 산업활동의 비중변화를 기준으로 산업구조조정의 성과를 분석함에 있어 다음의 두가지 문제에 봉착하게 된다. 첫째, 혁신집약적 산업활동을 측정하기 위해 어떤 지표를 사용할 것인가, 둘째 혁신집약적 산업활동을 어떤 수준으로 분류할 것인가이다. 본고(本稿)에서는 산업별 연구개발 집약도를 혁신집약적 산업활동의 대용변수로 사용하여 혁신집약도의 정도에 따라 산업을 첨단기술산업, 중간기술산업, 재래기술산업의 세가지로 나눈 다음 수출구조변화, 생산 고용 부가가치 구조변화, 생산성 변화를 분석하였다. 제조업 수출에서 차지하는 첨단기술산업의 비중을 기준으로 한다면 구조고도화는 매우 빠르게 진전되었다. 첨단기술산업은 수출비중도 높지만 수입침투율도 가장 높다. 특히 수출주도의 고성장이 이루어졌던 1986~88년, 1994~95년 기간에 수출구조의 고도화도 급격히 이루어졌다는 사실은 해외경쟁에 노출되어 있는 수출부문이 제조업 구조고도화를 선도하고 있음을 시사하고 있다. 이에 비해 국내수요를 포함한 한국 제조업 전체의 생산, 고용, 부가가치 구조를 분석해 보면 수출부문에 비해 구조조정 성과가 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 평가된다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.79-112
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• 2007

Opening domestic market to international trade may enhance not only actual competition but also potential competition from foreign competitors. It seems that the competition authority has focused mainly on the actual competition (measured by the current market share) and has paid less attention to the potential competition. In this regards, this paper investigated the relation between potential foreign competition and domestic market structure. Using dynamic panel regression model, we analyzed the dynamic response of import penetration to the changes of domestic market condition in Korea as a proxy for the degree of potential foreign competition. The empirical results suggests that potential foreign competition does exist in the Korean manufacturing sector and this tendency is more stronger when the market is more concentrated. Thus, in order to effectively implement competition policy, it is necessary to consider both actual and potential competition.