• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.142-147
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate and compare new beer (NB) with market beers, e.g., New castle brown ale (NC), Victoria bitter (VB), and Coopers pale ale (CP) using physicochemical parameters. In addition, pattern recognition analyses were carried out using an electronic nose based on mass spectrometry (MS-E nose) and an electronic tongue (E-tongue) for differentiation of the different types of beer. The measured alcohol content of NB was 4.37%. NB was not significantly different compared with other types of beer with regard to bitterness unit, color, and polyphenol content (p<0.05). On the basis of the flavor pattern determined by the MS-E nose, NB was separated by DF1 (first score from discriminant function analysis), while NC, VB, and CP were located in the same group. The result of the E-tongue showed that the different samples could be clearly discriminated; NB was less sour. It was suggested that the discriminant function analysis (DFA) given by the MS-E nose and E-tongue could be used for evaluations during new product development. Furthermore, because of its simplicity, it might be possible to use the validated method for the evaluation of beer.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.171-175
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• 2013

Applicator of various kind of number ten kinds is used to raise from efficiency of brachytherapy to maximum. The compatibility of radiation source and applicator is very important subject for safety brachytherapy. Developed high dose rate brachytherapy source through Hanaro nuclear reactor in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute and improve compatibility with using equipment in present. In this research, we wished to evaluate stability mechanical safety of radiation source and we developed phantom for evaluate several quality about Ir-192 sealed source that improve newly in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute and is improved. The result for suitability of Ir-192 HDR source with brachytherapy tools that did normal operation in 2.2~2.7 cm extent about change of equal curvature and consider change of sudden curvature that did normal operation in radius 1.5~1.8 cm extent.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1007-1014
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• 2016

A highly efficient, rapid, and reliable multiplex polymerase chain reaction based method for distinguishing ten species of genus Cynoglossus (C. senegalensis, C. abbreviates, C. macrolepidotus, C. arel, C. semilaevis, C. interruptus, C. joyneri, C. lingua, C. robustus, and C. monodi) is described. The species-specific primer sets were designed base on the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (1,500 bp). The optimal PCR conditions and primers were selected for ten of Cynoglossus species to determine target base sequences using single PCR. Multiplex PCR using the ten pairs of primers either specifically amplified a DNA fragment of a unique size or failed, depending on each species DNA. The length of amplification fragment of 208 bp for C. senegalensis, 322 bp for C. abbreviates, 493 bp for C. macrolepidotus, 754 bp for C. arel, 874 bp for C. semilaevis, 952 bp for C. interruptus, 1,084 bp for C. joyneri, 1,198 bp for C. lingua, 1,307 bp for C. robustus, and 1,483 bp for C. monodi with the species-specific primers, visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis, allowed perfectly distinction of the Cynoglossus species. The multiplex PCR assay can be easily performed on multiple samples and attain final results in less than 6 hours. This technique should be a useful addition to the molecular typing tools for the tentative identification of Cynoglossus species.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.355-361
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• 1992

In order to evaluate an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) for practical use in detecting aflatoxin $B_1(AFB_1)$ from cereals, we compared $AFB_1$ concentrations of samples contaminated artificially or naturally that were quantitated by the ELISA with those spiked or quantitated by HPLC. Cotton seed meals(19 items), rape seed meals(ll), soybean meals(9), and corns(3) imported from foreign countries were used as sample cereals. The standard curves of each cereal class showed that 1-100 ng/g of $AFB_1$ from cereals could be assayed by the ELISA. When artificially contaminated cereals were assayed by ELISA, the average recovery of AFB! from samples spiked to 3 ng/g and more was 138%(68-193%), although that spiked to 1 ng/g was somewhat high(268%). The average C.V. of recovery was 7.0%(0-22.2%). When naturally contaminated cereals were assayed, the concentrations of $AFB_1$ below 10 ng/g especially from rape seed meals quantitated by ELISA were much lower than those determined by HPLC. However, the concentrations of 10 ng/g and more from samples, except a few extraordinary samples. quantitated by ELISA were similar to those determined by HPLC, especially in case of cotton seed meals whose average recovery (ELISA/HPLC) was 153%. In conclusion, the ELISA was elucidated such as a practical tool to detect $AFB_1$ of 10 ng/g and more from cereals.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.205-233
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• 2013

The purpose of this study were to analyze the awareness about agriculture and rural community of youths and suggest the implications. The data were collected from 291 youths who are participated the agriculture-understanding programs conducted by Korea 4-H Association. For the comparing with 182 non-participants survey were together. The following conclusions were drawn from this study, (1) the program participants were aware of importance and multifunctionality roles of agriculture. (2) on the other hand, non-participants did not recognize or had little interest of the agricultural issues. (3) youths participated programs were have positive consensus of agriculture and rural community compared to non-participants. Based on the conclusion of this study, some implications were summarized as followings: (1) some programs need to motivate youths to complete course, (2) establish network system for the better activities, (3) support to extension teachers' expertise, (4) the programs need to expended to non-4H members.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.335-342
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• 2010

In 2008, mass mortality was observed in paradise fish Macropodus opercularis which was imported from Indonesia. PCR of these fish found positive for megalocytivirus and Mycobacterium sp., while an unidentified virus was culture-isolated using CHSE-214 cells. In the present study, we investigated characterization of the unidentified virus and its pathogenicity to determine whether the virus was the causative agent of the mass mortality of paradise fish. The unidentified virus induced cytopathic effect (CPE) with syncytia in CHSE-214 and other fish cells, BF-2, GF, SSN-1, FSP and FFN. The virus was resistant against treatments with IUdR, chloroform, acidity at pH 3, basicity at pH 11 and high temperature at $56^{\circ}C$ for 3h. By electron microscopy, the viral particles were spherical having a double capsid structure with approximately 65 nm in external diameter. Viral genome was composed of at least 10-segmented RNA with sizes ranging from 0.7 kb to 3.6 kb. Based on these characters, this virus can be classified into family Reoviridae. This reovirus did not cause any mortality in an artificial experiment conducted by injecting the virus to paradise fish. This indicates that the reovirus is not only responsible for the mass mortality of paradise fish in 2008.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.128-136
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• 2015

This study investigated the effects of low-dose electron beam irradiation treatment on physicochemical and sensorial properties of imported navel oranges during storage at $3^{\circ}C$ for 45 days. The samples were irradiated at doses of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 kGy, and changes in their color values, hardness, Brix/acid ratio, total sugar contents, reducing sugar contents, vitamin C contents, and sensory evaluation were investigated. There were no significant differences between non-irradiated and irradiated samples in terms of color values, Brix/acid ratio, total sugar contents, total reducing sugar contents, and vitamin C contents. Hardness of irradiated sample at 1 kGy decreased significantly in the early storage period, but the difference between non-irradiated and irradiated samples decreased again at the end of storage. For the sensory evaluation, scores of color, sweetness, flavor, and overall acceptability decreased as irradiation dose and storage period increased. Samples irradiated at over 0.8 kGy showed low preference in all scores except color. These results suggest that electron beam irradiation below 0.6 kGy does not affect physicochemical and sensory properties; thus, electron beam irradiation up to 0.6 kGy in imported navel oranges is optimum for minimizing quality changes and disinfestation treatment simultaneously.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.305-310
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• 2012

This study examined radiation detection properties of imported perilla seeds, almonds, and soybeans. Food samples were irradiated at doses of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kGy and analyzed by photo-stimulated luminescence (PSL), thermoluminescence (TL), and electron spin resonance (ESR). The results of PSL showed that photon counts of irradiated perilla seeds and soybeans were $32,959counts{\cdot}60sec^{-1}$ and $7,234counts{\cdot}60sec^{-1}$, respectively, at an irradiation dose of 0.5 kGy, and the photon count of irradiated almonds was $5,581counts{\cdot}60sec^{-1}$ at an irradiation dose of 1 kGy. The results of TL showed that this technique is useful for detecting irradiated samples; the TL ratios ($TL_1/TL_2$) measured for the food samples at an irradiation dose of 0.5 kGy were 0.2301 for perilla seeds, 0.4595 for almonds, and 0.4827 for soy beans. Lastly, results of ESR spectroscopy for only soybeans revealed specific signals derived from free radicals captured in the cellulose. In conclusion, PSL, TL, and ESR methods can be used for the detection of gamma-irradiated soybean samples, whereas gamma-irradiated perilla seeds and almonds can be confirmed by a serial detection with a TL method after PSL.

• Korea Real Estate Review
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.105-114
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• 2018

According to Statistics Korea, South Korea has entered the realm of the "aging society" with the rapid development of the country's population. Researchers anticipate that the extremely high (73%) ratio of real estate property to total assets for mid-age to aged households in South Korea that do not have a fixed income may cause serious problems in the future. For example, the real estate market in South Korea may be bombarded with properties listed for sale, causing the average property price to drop due to the abundant supply. Although this prediction may be reasonable, this concept has excluded the idea of pension (which is crucial as it can be considered a consistent and fixed income) due to the limited amount of available data thereon; as such, it is important to include this factor to improve the pertinent research. Thus, this research was conducted using the data from the $3^{rd}$ and $5^{th}$ Korea Retirement and Income Study. For the study results, it was found that variables such as net asset, gender, education, and number of family members have the same impact as that found in the previous studies. To extend from here, two new factors were introduced: the existence of pensions and the amount of pension received by a household. From there, it was found that the existence of a consistent and fixed income such as a pension has led to an increase in housing consumption, the area of interest of the authors.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2019

In the process of adapting climate change, the government needs to provide policy and technical support necessary for growing promising crops imported from abroad. Therefore, this study was conducted to survey and analyze the conditions of growth of imported foreign crops and to derive response tasks. As a result, tropical and subtropical vegetables were cultivated 18 crops in 920 farms in 321 ha area (in 2015 year). The cultivation scale decreased in the order of Curcuma aromatica, Momordica charantia, Asparagus aethiopicus, Allium hookeri and Herbs. Tropical and subtropical fruits were cultivated 9 crops in 264 farms in 106.5 ha area (in 2015 year). Special and medicinal crops introduced abroad cultivated 10 crops in 753 farms in 276.3 ha area (in 2015 year). The cultivation scale decreased in the order of Curcuma longa, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Lepidium meyenii and Moringa oleifera. For the stable settlement of domestic growth of tropical and subtropical crops introduced abroad, there should be safety and economic feasibility in terms of the cultivation environment according to the domestic culture adaptation test. Consideration needs to be given to the use of locally grown products in Korea, the securing of distribution and sales markets, and the competitiveness of imported products.