• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.63-76
• /
• 1983

중금속은 해수에서보다 해수중의 생물계에 그 농도가 더 높은 것으로 알려져 있으며 수은도 무기형으로 생물계에 존재하다가 생물활동으로 인해 알킬형으로 변한다. food chain이 미량금속 축적의 주통로로 알려져 있으나 그외 몇가지 방법이 제시되고 잇다. 특히 연체동물은 미량금속의 축적현상이 온도, 폭로시간, 시간, 생리적 활동에 다라 상당히 달라진다. 또한 유기알킬 수은이 무기수은보다 비교적 낮은 독성을 나타내지만 후자의 피해도 무시할 수는 없다. 굴(crassostrea virginica)은 염화수은농도가 비교적 낮은 상태에서도 상\ulcorner량의 축적현상을 보여주었다. 두개의 compartment system을 연계적인 상태에서 보면 첫 compartment에서의 초기축적은 가역적이었으나 둘째 Compartment에서 측정된 원실율로 보아 비가역적 축적이상을 확인해 주었다. 뿐만 아니라 미량금속이 아가미와 외부 근육에서 가장 높은 축적률을 보인것은 flow system의 regression moder과 매우 흡사함을 암시하며 농도가 낮은 상태에서의 축적이상에 중요한 의미를 부여하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.202-211
• /
• 2011

In this study the seasonal and spatial pattern of mercury (Hg) concentrations in multimedia environments were investigated in Lake So-Yang. Total mercury (TM) in water column greatly enhanced as turbidity and particulate organic carbon (POC) increased due to the severe runoff, suggesting that most of Hg existed as particulate Hg in Lake Soyang. We also collected 22 species of fish in Lake Soyang and Han River, and the average total mercury in fish was 0.073 ppm, lower than both Korean (0.5 ppm) and EPA criteria (0.3 ppm). However when considering the amount of fish intake for Korean the Hg criterion in fish must be more stringent than current value, and the advisory for fish consumption should be made. Hg in fish considerably varied with sampling sites, having the highest in the upper region (Yang-gu) and the lowest in downstream (Han River). This spatial variation was possibly derived by "bloom dilution" associated with high phosphorus loading or elevated DOC concentrations, or both. Total mercury in sediment varied from 69.9 to $98.3{\mu}g/kg$, which was relatively lower than those measured in Voyageurs National Park in Minnesota in USA ($102{\sim}364{\mu}g/kg$).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.2089-2099
• /
• 2015

This study examined the relationships between the blood heavy metal (Pb, Hg and Cd) concentration and exposure-related factors. The subjects were 2,042 (male: 953, female: 1,089) who were recruited through a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Differences in the concentrations of mercury were observed in males, whereas females showed differences in lead and cadmium. Analyses of the blood concentrations according to body mass index and waist circumference showed significantly higher concentrations of mercury. In males, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of dyslipidemia was higher than normal in the blood lead concentration. In females, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of dyslipidemia was higher than normal in the blood lead concentration. The blood lead and cadmium concentrations of male smokers was higher than non-smokers, and cadmium showed the same results in females. The blood lead levels were higher in male alcohol consumers than non-drinkers. The blood concentrations of mercury and cadmium showed significant differences according to household income. Blood concentrations of heavy metals were closely related to exposure-related factors, and age, smoking, drinking alcohols, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and household income were found to be relevant.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.350-360
• /
• 2017

Purpose: This study examined and compared the associations of the iron status and food intake with the blood lead, mercury, and cadmium concentrations among Korean adolescent girls, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. Methods: The data from the 2010~2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) was used. The subjects were classified into three groups: adolescent girls (n = 268), premenopausal women (n = 1,157), and postmenopausal women (n = 446). The iron status was assessed by hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum ferritin, and iron concentrations, as well as the total iron binding capacity (TIBC). The food intake was estimated by a food frequency questionnaire. Results: The blood heavy metal concentrations and poisoning rate in postmenopausal women were higher than in the other groups. The iron status in the adolescent girls and postmenopausal women was higher than that in the premenopausal women. In the adolescent girls, the iron status was inversely associated with the blood cadmium concentration. The dairy food intake was inversely related to the blood lead and cadmium concentrations. In premenopausal women, the iron status was inversely associated with the cadmium concentrations. The fish and shellfish food intakes were positively associated with the mercury concentrations. In postmenopausal women, the iron status was positively associated with the mercury and cadmium concentrations. Fast foods and fried foods were inversely associated with the lead concentration. Conclusion: The premenopausal women showed a lower iron status than the adolescent girls and postmenopausal women. The associations of the iron status with the blood heavy metal concentrations were different among the adolescent girls, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. In addition, the relationships of the food intakes with the blood heavy metal concentrations differed among adolescent girls, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. Further studies will be needed to confirm these findings.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.155-158
• /
• 2014

Phytoextraction is a technique that uses plants to remediate metal-contaminated soils. However, this technique cannot be applied in highly metal-contaminated areas, as plants cannot normally grow under such conditions. Therefore, this study investigated the introduction of various biodegradable chelating agents to increase the bioavailability of metals in highly metal-contaminated areas. Mercury (Hg) was selected as the target metal, while cysteine (Cys), histidine (His), malate, succinate, oxalate, citrate, and ethylenediamine (EDA) were used as biodegradable chelating agents. Plants were grown on agar media containing various chelating agents and Hg to analyze the effect on plant root growth. Cys and EDA were both found to diminish the inhibitory effect of Hg on plant root growth, whereas His, citrate, and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) did not show any significant effects, and malate, succinate, and oxalate even promoted the inhibitory effect of Hg on plant root growth. Thus, Cys and EDA would seem to be promising biodegradable chelating agents for highly Hg-contaminated areas.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 1998

담수산 이매패류인 참재？, Corbicula leana를 대상으로 크기와 수온별로 카드뮴, 구리 및 수은 등의 중금속에 노출시켜 반수치사농도, 호흡률 및 여수율 등의 생리적 내성에 관하여 알아보았다. 17%C에서 작은 개체rnhr,-LC$^{50}$ 은 수은이 1.63 ppm이었으며, 카드뮴과 구리는 각각 7.45및 8.71 ppm으로서 수은에 비해 상당히 높은 값을 나타내었다. 큰 개체구의 경우는 수은이 2.62ppm이었으며, 카드뮴과 구리가 각각10.15와 10.20 ppm이었다. 22$^{\circ}C$의 경우 작은 개체구의 96 hr-LC$^{50}$ ppm은 카드뮴, 구리 및 수은이 각각 5.94, 7.08및 1.63 ppm이었으며, 큰 개체구에서는 각각 8.29, 8.35, 1.87ppm으로서 두수온구에서 모두 작은 개체구에서 중금속 오염원에 의한 영향이 컸으며, 독성순위는 수은>카드뮴>구리 순이었다. 한편 중금속 오염원에 노출시킨 참재첩의 수온-개체크기별 산소소비율과 여수율은 오염원의 농도증가에 따라 고수온에서 영향을 많이 받았으며, 특히 수은의 경우, 22%C-작은 개체구에서 호흡률이 50.7%, 여수율이 52.15%감소되고 있어 여수율이 보다 크게 영향을 받았다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 1995.04a
• /
• pp.62-63
• /
• 1995

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2007.10a
• /
• pp.287-289
• /
• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2007.10a
• /
• pp.215-216
• /
• 2007

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.492-497
• /
• 2010

In this study, mercury concentrations in freshwater fish from Lake An-dong basin were investigated and were compared with the results of the national freshwater fish monitoring survey. The mercury concentrations of fish from Lake An-dong were in the range of 37~611 ng/g and Korean piscivorous chub, the top predator showed the highest average mercury concentrations, $198{\pm}97\;ng/g$. Most of fish caught from upstream of Lake An-dong were herbivorous and omnivorous, and goby minnow and pale chub showed relatively lower mercury concentrations of $21{\pm}16\;ng/g$ and $33{\pm}24\;ng/g$, respectively. Especially, mercury concentrations of long nosed barbel and largemouth bass caught from Lake An-dong were found to be higher than those of the average of the national survey monitoring data.