• Social Workers
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• no.11 s.55
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• pp.10-13
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• 2006

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.31-55
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• 2004

The elder abuse draws an increasing concern as the elderly population grows rapidly, and increasing demands to provide long-term care to the impaired elderly are imposed on the families. This study compares Korean American elders' and their adult children's perceptions of possible elder abuse under care-giving situation, and related help-seeking behaviors using five scenarios developed by the author. The subjects consist of ten elders and their ten adult children including daughters-in-law who live in Los Angeles, the USA. Content analysis reveals very similar help-seeking behaviors of the two generations within the family despite the substanally generational difference towards the perceptions of elder abuse under care-giving situation. Mann-Whitney test shows a significant difference in the perceptions of elder abuse between the elderly and their adult children. It means that the elderly are substantially less likely to perceive a given situation as abusive than their adult children would. But there is no significant difference between the elderly and their adult children in their intended use of formal sources of help. Implications for gerontological social work practice and program development are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.15-27
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• 2011

The predominant concern of the study consists in:(1)the positive direct effects of both individual's intimacy toward parents and individual's self-efficacy of care-giving roles on individual's care-giving commitment; (2)the positive mediating effect of individual's self-efficacy of care-giving on individual's care-giving commitment; (3)the moderating effect of the degree of unhealthy condition of individual's elderly parents on each causal relationship. For conducting this study, a survey method was used on 318 males with parents at the aged of 45-60, residing in Daegu and KyungPook. In order for subjects to verify research questions, structural equation models were explored. The findings of the study supported the direct, indirect effect and moderating effects, which suggested in research questions. Participants with unhealthy parents showed greater tendency in terms of influencing their intimacy toward parents on care giving commitment than participants with healthy parents did. The above findings claimed our attention in that provided a range of practical implication.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.436-442
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• 2003

Thermosetting elastomer such as EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Dien Rubber) has been applied to the sponge weatherstrip of a vehicle as a main material. However, the thermosetting elastomers have limited recycling and have brought about the environmental problems. Furthermore, many steps of the manufacturing process such as formulation, mastication and vulcanization make difficult to control uniformity of the endproducts. These problems of current EPDM weatherstrip necessitated development of a new recyclable material, Thermoplastic Vulcanizates (TPV). In this study the influence of the water contents, and the processing conditions. On the foam density and structure in water blowing process was carried out. We found that TPV also can be foamed with water, maintaining the uniformity form this study. Therefore, many inevitable problems of EPDM weatherstrip can be solved, and this new technique is expected to take a roll of making a breakthrough in the rubber industry.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.35-51
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• 2011

This study examined how caregiving experiences of spouses and adult children were different to each other in terms of caregiver characteristics, the impairment level of the elderly, caregiving time, caregiver burden, the effects of long-term care services, etc. Data were collected from 321 spouses and 324 adult children who cared for the functionally and/or cognitively impaired elderly using long-term care services. The main results are as follows. (1) Caregiver characteristics differed significantly between spouses and adult children. (2) Adult children cared for the more severely impaired elderly in terms of IADL, cognitive impairment, and behavior problems while spouses spent more time helping in ADL activities. (3) Spouse caregivers experienced greater overall burden, worry and strain, and financial burden compared to adult child caregivers. (4) Long-term care services were effective in reducing caregiver burden and improving family relations. Additionally, relations between adult child caregivers and the elderly was more improved than relations between spouse caregivers and the elderly after using long-term care services. Based on these findings, the differential experiences between spouse caregivers and adult child caregivers were discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.29-36
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to suggest a proper improvement direction of the public ordering and receiving system in related with e-Learning. The research methods for this paper are derived from survey about e-Learning companies and the written materials of the present public e-Learning project. According to the study, in most cases, the public e-Learning projects don't affect positively e-Learning company's businesses. It indicates that the public e-Learning project has three problems or improvement items. And as a solution to the problems, it presented the policy alternatives the policy alternatives as the concept of ordering and receiving system.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 1994

To find out the effects of preharvest sprouted degrees of barley on yield, grain quality and germination rate, various sprouted grains were planted. The grains sprouted upto 2 mm and 4mm of root lengths showed regerminating rates of 68% and 49% respectively, and those above 4mm of root length decreased seriously in regerminating rate. First of all, the PI (promptness index) of sprouted barley compared with that of intact barley decreased conspicuously even in 2mm of root length. Grain yield decreased inversely with the growth of root lengths of sprouted grains. The times required to polish the naked barley up to polishing yield of 72% and husked one upto that of 64% were shortened inversely with the root lengths of sprouted grains. The rate of split kernel against sound one after polishing increased greatly by 17.6% to 36% in sprouted barley compared to 2% to 3.5% of the control which presoaked in water for 2 hours. Whiteness indexes of polished kernels of the sprouted barley and the control were higher than that of intact one. The index, however, was lowered inversely with root lengths in sprouted barley.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.871-884
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• 2011

Standard Long-term care(LTC) Utilization Plan is a kind of care plan, which aims to help beneficiaries and their family choose services to meet their care needs. The objective of this study is to determine the relationships among family caregivers' perceived quality, overall satisfaction and utilization in Standard LTC Utilization Plan. Data were gathered from family caregivers with beneficiaries who have used community service in long-term care insurance system. A national cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted in December 2008, using proportionate quota sampling. Finally, 351 family caregivers completed questionnaires which included demographic characteristics, perceived quality(9 items), overall satisfaction(1 item) and utilization(2 items). Path analysis was conducted to find a causal relationship. This study shows firstly, the quality of Standard LTC Utilization Plan was categorized into three dimensions, that is, assessment of care needs, recommended care plan, and management of monthly benefits. Secondly, reliability and validity of quality items were satisfied. Finally, in the effect of perceived quality and satisfaction for utilization, assessment of care needs(indirect effect, path coefficients=0.077) and overall satisfaction(total effect, path coefficients=0.324) were statistically significant. The findings of this study would be helpful in developing the strategies, which is needed to improve the role of Standard LTC Utilization Plan.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

The levels of polyamines were measured to investigate the alternative nitrogen metabolism during maturation and sprouting in rice. The rice plants (cv. Ansanbyeo) were cultivated in 20-year-old non-fertilized field. The flag leaves and spikes were collected weekly after the earing stage and the seeds were harvested daily after lodging. Free, bound, and conjugated polyamines were analyzed using reverse phase HPLC. Putrescine, spermidine, spermine, agmatine and tyramine were the major amines found in rice. The level of stress-induced amine, putrescine increased during the preharvest sprouting confirming that the process was a stress to the plants. With all other polyamines, tyramine in free form decreased in flag leaves and panicles during seed maturation. However, agmatine in bound form showed a noticeable increase about 8-fold during 6 weeks period of maturation after which it declined to the bottom level. Among the individual amines, tyramine and spermine in conjugated form showed a marked change during matutation and sprouting. Interestingly, the level of tyramine with all conjugated polyamine decreased in spikes during seed maturation and increased during preharvest sprouting implying that tyrosine decarboxyation and conjugation to phenolic acids may play a key role in preharvest sprouting. Spermine in conjugated form was synthesized only at the early earing stage in the level of $3.4mole\;g^{-1}$ fresh weight, and then decreased to the level of nmole during maturation. Thereafter, it dramatically increased to 2.8 mole during preharvest sprouting. In this study we found the tyramine is a major amine in rice, and it would play a critical role in N-assimilation during seed maturation and sprouting.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2022

Rice is one of the three major grains globally, and has been used as a staple food in Asian countries for a long time. In recent years, with the increase in the use of processed rice, the development and distribution of rice flour varieties have become a research focus. However, rice flour varieties are susceptible to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS). In this study, the optimal transplanting date for rice flour varieties for maximum yield production with PHS avoidance was examined. Four rice flour varieties with different maturity types (early maturing type, Garumi2 and medium-late maturing type, Seolgaeng, Hangaru, and Singil) were selected. The field experiment was conducted in Chuncheon (Central Plain area) and Cheorwon (Northern Plain area), Gangwon Province, Republic of Korea, from 2017 to 2019. The transplanting dates used were May 10, May 20, May 30, June 10, and June 20 in Chuncheon and April 30, May 10, May 20, May 30, and June 10 in Cheorwon. In Chuncheon, late transplantation decreased PHS in Garumi2. In Cheorwon, PHS in Garumi2 decreased with transplantation dates after May 20. The PHS decreased in Seolgaeng, Hangaru, and Singil with late transplantation in Chuncheon and Cheorwon. The optimal transplanting date for maximum yield production while avoiding PHS for Garumi2 was estimated to be June 10 in Chuncheon and May 25 in Cheorwon; for Seolgaeng, the optimal transplanting dates were May 20 in Chuncheon and May 15 in Cheorwon; for Hangaru, it was estimated to be May 30 in Chuncheon and May 15 in Cheorwon; and for Singil, the optimal dates were May 25 in Chuncheon and May 15 in Cheorwon.