• Water for future
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.141-150
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is develope the algorithm of channel routing model which can be used for flood forecasting. In routing model, the hydrulic technique of the implicit scheme in the dynamic equation is chosen to route the unsteady varied flow. The channel routing model is connected with conceptual watershed model which is able to compute the flood hydrograph from each subbasin. The comparative study shows that the conceptual model can simulate the watershed runoff accurately. As a result of investigating the channel routing model, the optimal weighting factor $\theta$ which fixes two points between time line is selected. And also, the optimal error tolerance which satisfies computing time and converge of solution is chosen.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.24-24
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• 2020

전세계적으로 지하수 인공함양은 기후변화로 인한 극한가뭄 시대에 효율적인 물확보 방안으로 평가되고 있는 기술로서, 우리나라에서도 2015년 충청 및 강원 지역의 극한 가뭄이 발생한 이후 그 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 지하수 인공함양 대상지역의 평가를 위해서는 물의 수요에 대한 진단, 대상지역의 수리수문학적 특성, 지층의 인공함양 가능성, 원수의 확보 여부, 현행 공급 능력의 진단 등이 복합적으로 이루어져야 한다. 충청남도 홍성군 갈산면 신곡마을은 안정적인 농업용수 공급 시스템이 마련되어 있지 않아 상시 가뭄지역으로서 현행 지하수 관정에 의한 취수능력으로는 주기적인 물 부족이 발생하는 지역이며, 대용량의 암반 지하수 관정 개발도 대수층의 특성상 거의 불가능하다. 따라서, 인공함양의 원수로서 하천수 또는 함양영역 밖의 소용량의 암반 지하수를 고려할 수 있다. 월별 물수지 분석 결과, 농번기 초기인 4월에는 수요량 대비 기존 용수원(관정)에 의한 공급량이 충분하여 99 ㎥/d의 여유가 존재하나, 5월에는 215 ㎥/d의 물부족이 발생하게 된다. 반면에, 하천유출량은 3월 1,297 ㎥/d, 4월 2,899 ㎥/d 등으로서 함양원수로 사용하기에 충분한 수량이 존재할 뿐 아니라, 이 기간의 지하수위가 지표하 약 4~5 m 하부에 위치하고 있어 지하수 함양에 충분한 공간도 확보되는 것으로 평가되었다. 향후 추가적인 정밀한 수치모델링을 통하여 지하수 인공함양을 위한 적정 물량, 지하수위의 분포 변화 예측, 적정 취수량의 결정 등을 수행할 예정이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.143-143
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• 2012

최근 우리나라 주요하천에 걸쳐 수행된 '4대강 살리기 사업'에서는 하천에서 발생하는 홍수 및 가뭄재해의 방지를 위한 다양한 사업이 추진되었다. 특히 안정적인 용수공급과 재해방지를 위한 수위확보를 목적으로 4대강 16 개 구간에 걸쳐서 일반적 형태의 고정보와 함께 다양한 형상과 운영방식이 적용된 가동보로 이루어진 다목적보가 설치되었다. 본 연구에서는 4대강 유역(한강, 낙동강, 영산강, 금강)에 설치된 16 개 가동보의 형식 중 4곳(강정고령보, 강천보, 합천창녕보, 창녕함안보)에 적용된 라이징 섹터 게이트(rising sector gate)의 수리학적 특성을 분석하고자 가동보의 수리실험 모형을 개수로에 설치하여 보 주변에서의 흐름 및 난류 특성을 분석하고자 하였다. 4대강 유역에 설치된 라이징 섹터 게이트의 설치목적은 일반적인 고정보의 문제점으로 대두되고 있는 보 상류부의 퇴적토를 신속하게 배사(sediment flushing)하는 데 있다. 이를 위해서는 우선 배사 시에 보 하단부에서 최대유속을 발생시키면서 동시에 최적의 상하류 수위조건을 만족시키는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 개수로에 설치된 가동보의 수문개방도에 따른 유속분포를 측정하였다. 보 주변에서의 보다 정밀한 유속장의 측정을 위해서 비접촉식 유속측정 방법인 PIV 측정방법을 이용하였다. PIV 측정방법은 일정한 입경과 밀도를 가지며 레이저 반사율이 높은 입자를 흐름에 투입하고 laser 발생장치로 laser sheet를 생성하여 레이저가 반사되어 나타나는 입자 각각의 시간변화에 따른 변위를 CCD 카메라로 가시화한 뒤 유속벡터값을 추출할 수 있게 한다. PIV 측정방법으로 유체의 흐름을 파악하고 시간평균된 유속결과를 바탕으로 난류 특성을 분석하였다. 수로전체 구간에 대하여 3차원 수치해석 프로그램인 FLOW-3D 모의결과와 비교하여 분석하였다. 실험을 통한 유속결과와 수치해석결과는 실험을 통한 유속결과와 비교 분석하였으며, 적용성을 검증한 후 다양한 조건에 대한 설계방안 및 유지관리에 활용하고자 한다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2012

River is able to change by various environmental factors. In order to conduct river restoration design, it is necessary to evaluate the stable channel through the analysis of past and present river channels. River evaluation requires various data, such as geometry, hydraulic and hydrology, but there is a lot of difficulty to understand topographical information of river change on time and space due to a lack of past data by domestic conditions. This study was analyzed abandoned channel formation, changes in the vertical-section and cross-section length of rivers, and micro-landform changes etc using an image analysis technique. Purpose of this research is to evaluates the stable channel through a river channel morphology change from past and present river channels image. Mangyoung river was conducted artificial river maintenance through straight channel consolidation form 1920 to 1930 year. In the result river maintenance, mangyoung river length was decreased by 15 km and abandoned channels of six points were made. Since then, weir was continuously increased to control bed slope and use water. Install of weir was to be the reason of changes on channel width, thalweg, vegetated bar, sand bar, water area. Present Mangyoung river show that water area was temporary increased in upper and middle reach because of weir installation. Total sand bar was only decreased in upper channel. The change of vegetated bar and sand bar was slight recently. In this result, Mangyoung river is inferred to reach stabilized channel although there is some difference to the lower reach.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.397-406
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• 2009

River is able to change by various environmental factors. In order to conduct restoration design of abandoned river channels, it is necessary to evaluate the river through the analysis of past and present river channels. River evaluation requires various data, such as geometry, hydraulic and hydrology, but there is a lot of difficulty to understand topographical information of river change on time and space due to a lack of past data by domestic conditions. This study analyzes the changes in past and present river channels and examines the applicability of river channel evaluation through image analysis using aerial photographs and 1918 year's map. Aerial photograph analysis was conducted by applying the image analysis method and GIS analysis method on Cheongmicheon. As a result of this analysis, we have quantitatively identified the form and size of abandoned channels, changes in the vertical-section and cross-section length of rivers, and micro-landform changes. More importantly, we verified that morphological changes in sandbars due to artificial straightening are important data in identifying the state of current river channels. In these results, although image analysis technique has limitations in two-dimensional information from aerial photographs, we were able to evaluate the changes in river channel morphology after artificial maintenance of the river.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.spc1
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• pp.1095-1105
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• 2021

The advancement of dam operation is further required due to the upcoming rainy season, typhoons, or torrential rains. Besides, physical models based on specific rules may sometimes have limitations in controlling the release discharge of dam due to inherent uncertainty and complex factors. This study aims to forecast the water level of the nearest station to the dam multi-timestep-ahead and evaluate the availability when it makes a decision for a release discharge of dam based on LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) of deep learning. The LSTM model was trained and tested on eight data sets with a 1-hour temporal resolution, including primary data used in the dam operation and downstream water level station data about 13 years (2009~2021). The trained model forecasted the water level time series divided by the six lead times: 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18-hours, and compared and analyzed with the observed data. As a result, the prediction results of the 1-hour ahead exhibited the best performance for all cases with an average accuracy of MAE of 0.01m, RMSE of 0.015 m, and NSE of 0.99, respectively. In addition, as the lead time increases, the predictive performance of the model tends to decrease slightly. The model may similarly estimate and reliably predicts the temporal pattern of the observed water level. Thus, it is judged that the LSTM model could produce predictive data by extracting the characteristics of complex hydrological non-linear data and can be used to determine the amount of release discharge from the dam when simulating the operation of the dam.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.34 no.1 s.93
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• pp.9-19
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• 2001

contrasting monsoon between 1993 and 1994 produced an interannual difference in hydrology. Theoretical water residence time (TWRT) in monsoon 1993 averaged 27 d, which was>3 months shorter compared to the TWRT in monsoon 1994. A dominant physical process influencing thermal stratification, water movement, and mixing regime was an interflow current in 1993. During summer 1993, river water plunged to mid-lake (location 27 km) and passed through the 10${\sim}$20m stratum of the reservoir, resulting in an isolation of epilimnetic lake water from advected river water. The interflow disrupted thermal stratification and produced a meta-hypolimnetic warming of >4$^{\circ}C$ downlake, thereby increased a mixing depth (>13 m). In contrast, during monsoon 1994 density currents were not observed and strong thermal stratification occurred in the entire reservoir, resulting in > 2 fold greater thermal resistance (8.2${\times}10^{5}$ erg)compared to 1993 (4.0${\times}10^{5}$ erg). This reservoir was identified as a typical warm monomictic reservoir which showed one mixis during early winter. The timing of overturn, however, differed between the two years as a result of distinct contrast in TWRT and thermal regime; overturn in 1993 occured about one month earlier relative to that in 1994. Hypolimnetic warming was predictable in this system; the variation in discharge accounted (Y = 4.35-0.06X+0.10X$^{2}$, p<0.0001)for 98% of the interannual variation in hypolimnetic temperature. Overall data suggest that thermal stability, the timing of fall overturn, and water residence time in this system are primarily regulated by the intensity of monsoon.