• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 2005

To evaluate the natural environmental conditions of the local areas, the method using the individual plant was discussed here. Based on Ohba's(1979) and Okuda and Nakamura's systems(1989), 9 items were proposed. The items evaluated were classified in 4 criterias: quality, quantity, function and vitality. This evaluation method could be used to promote spatial planning and to alleviate other administrative problems. Also it could be applied to decide the conservation level of plant individual.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.21 no.5_1
• /
• pp.419-426
• /
• 1998

Twenty-two forest stands and one hundred and fourteen plant species were ordinated by a reciprocal averaging(RA) method to extract the major forest patterns of the Quercus forests in Mts. Wolak, choryong, Juhul and Bohyun. The RA stand ordination on the first and second axes revealed a gradient of vegetation. It is the gradient from the Quercus mongolica-dominated forest to the Quercus serrata-dominated forest or Quercus variabilis-dominated forest. An intermediate zone between the two forest types was recognized by the RA stand ordination. Especially the zone on Mt. Bohyun was evidently higher than those of the other mountains. The gradient also showed the environmental one from mesic to xeric habitats and from higher to lower altitudes. The RA species ordination showed the distribution center of each species in the above mentioned patterns of the forest vegetation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.35-45
• /
• 2013

Owing to the increase in the penetration of distributed generation the DGs connected to the distribution system have an effect on the system conditions of the transmission system and neighboring distribution systems. This makes the separate analysis of the transmission and distribution system no longer valid and requires the consideration of both the system in the analysis process. This paper proposes a transmission/distribution integrated analysis hybrid algorithm that would ensure the accurate analysis of the system by reflecting the results of the transmission and distribution system analysis on each other. Different scenarios are being analysed in order to verify the effectiveness of the hybrid algorithm by observing the effects of the DG connected distribution system on the transmission system and neighboring distribution systems. The algorithm and simulations performed are being conducted by MATLAB and the IEEE 30 bus system and a test distribution system has been utilized for the transmission and distribution systems respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 1997

Effects of cadmium on growth and nitrogen fixation activity of Melilotus suaveolens, a biennial legume plant dominating in the area of poor soil were quantitatively analyzed during the growing period. Cadmium treatments of 10, 30 and 100 ppm resulted in 12, 22 and 35% inhibition of plant height and 14, 25 nd 26% reduction of chlorophyll contents of leaves, respectively. The plant biomass reduced 51, 70 and 89% for leaves, 33, 50 and 59% for stems, and 42, 52 and 70% for roots, respectively by 10, 30 and 100 ppm Cd treatments. Cadmium contents of roots treated with 10, 30 and 100 ppm Cd were 62, 112 and 183 folds higher than that of the control, respectively. Cadmium contents of stems were about 1/2.2 of those of roots, but leaves contained only 1/27.8 of those of roots. Cadmium treatments resulted in increase of T/R ratios and decrease of F/C ratios significantly in the later growth period. Nodule formation was reduced to 8% in 42 days by the treatment of 100 ppm Cd. Specific nitrogen fixation activity of nodules attained 61.0, 24.0, 1.6 and 0.7 mol $C_2H_4{\cdot}g$ fr wt $nodule^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ on 42nd day, respectively for 0, 10. 30 and 100 ppm of Cd treatments. Total amount of nitrogen fixation per plant reduced by 73, 98 and 99% with the treatments of 10, 30 and 100 ppm Cd.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• autumn
• /
• pp.481-484
• /
• 2003

Recently, the importance of Pre-construction is gradually increasing in construction business. In addition to increasing greatness, Pre-construction affect to success or failure of projects. However, current domestic construction business doesn't constitute exact concepts and systems, and there are a lot of problems such as disorganize management of construction because most of Pre-construction depends on supervisors' experiences. Therefore, according as doing this study, We are going to analyze the tendency of Pre-construction step and bring up designed operation systems between departments in construction company. So we can expect to develop efficiency by excluding unnecessary operation and formulating more improved operation process.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.220-233
• /
• 1999

본 연구는 서열법(교호평균법)과 ZM학파의 식물사회학적 연구방법에 의해 대구, 구미, 김천 근처의 팔공산, 금오산, 황악산 일대의 참나무류 삼림을 분류하고 그 환경조건을 해석할 목적으로 실시되었다 교호평균법에서 추출된 stand의 제 1축상의 종의 배열은 식물사회학적 군락분류의 표징종이나 식별종의 후보 종군을 추출하는데 매우 효과적이었다. 이결과와 타지역과 본 연구지역의 낙엽수림의 조성을 비교 검토한 결과 이하의 2군집, 1군락, 2아군집을 식별하였다. 너도밤나무군강(Fagetea crenatae Miyawaki et al. 1968) ; 당단풍-신갈나무목(Acero-Quercetalia mongolicae Song 1988); 조록싸리-졸참나무군단(Lespedezo-Quercion ser-1-1 때죽나무아군집(Styracetosum japonicae subassoc. nov) 1-2 전형아군집(typicum subassoc. ) (Ainsliaeo-Quercetum mongolicae assoc. nov.) 3. 신갈나무-시닥나무군락(Quercus mongolica-Acer teschonoskii var, rubripes community) 본연구에서 식별된 군단은 우리나라의 냉온대 낙엽활엽수림의 북부형과 남부형에 대응하는 것으로 해석되었다. 서열법에 의해 계산된 제 1축과 제2축상에의 stand의 배열은 인위와 해발과 같은 환경경도상의 계열을 나타내었다. 이상의 연구와 함께 본 연구와 관련되는 사항으로 우리나라의 냉온대림의 군락분류학적 문제점을 종조성론의 입장에서 논하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.59-75
• /
• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to determine the inhibitory effect of Polygonum multiflorum(PM) on melanin synthesis in B16F10. Methods: The Inhibitory effects of Polygonum multiflorum(PM) on melanin synthesis were determined by in-vitro assay. To elucidate inhibitory effects of Polygonum multiflorum on melanin synthesis, we determined the melanin release and melanin production in B16F10. And to investigate the action mechanism, we assessed the gene expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, MMP-2, PKA, PKC, ERK-1 ERK-2, AKT-1, MITF in B16F10. Results: 1. PM inhibited melanin-release, melanin production in B16F10. 2. PM inhibited tyrosinase activity in vitro and in B16F10. 3. PM suppressed the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1 in B16F10. 4. PM suppressed the expression of PKA in B16F10. 5. PM suppressed the expression of ERK-1, ERK-2, AKT-1 in B16F10. 6. PM suppressed the expression of MITF in B16F10. Conclusion: From these results, it may be concluded that PM possesses the antimelanogenetic effects.

• Journal of KIISE
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2018

Recently, distribution of malicious codes using the Internet has been one of the most serious cyber threats. Technology of malicious code distribution with detection bypass techniques has been also developing and the research has focused on how to detect and analyze them. However, obfuscated malicious JavaScript is almost impossible to detect, because the existing malicious code distributed web page detection system is based on signature and another limitation is that it requires constant updates of the detection patterns. We propose to overcome these limitations by means of an intelligent malicious code distributed web page detection system using a real browser that can analyze and detect intelligent malicious code distributed web sites effectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.383-395
• /
• 2004

To evaluate the natural environmental conditions of the local areas, the methods using the plant species and plant community are discussed here, Based on Ohba's(1979), Nakanish's(1980a: 1980b), Okuda and Nakamura's(1989), and Haber et al.'s systems(1991), as the evalution-items, 9 in plant species level and 16 in plant community level are proposed. The evalution-items are classified as 3 criteria in plant species level and 4 criteria in plnat community level. The evalution method could be used to promote the spacial planning and to alleviate other administrative problems. Also it could be applied to decide conservation level of plant species and plant community.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.131-140
• /
• 2002

The bryophyte communities on the forest floor of the mixed coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved forest of cool temperate zone on Deongnyusan(1,616m) south-eastern part of the Korean Penninsula were investigated from the phytosociological viewpoint. As a result, a bryophyte community was recognized, considering the phytosociological unit of the forest: Sasamorpha borealis-Abies koreana / Hylocomiopsis ovicarpa-Thamnoblyum alopecurum community. This community was interpreted as a counterpart one of the Sasamorpha borealis-Abies koreana / Dicranum scoparium-Plagiothecium silvaticum community in the Jiri Mountains, but between the two communities, the species composition was somewhat different. The bryophyte community on the forest floor on Deongnyusan was confirmed as a synusie belonging to the Fraxino-Abietetum koreanae Song 1988. Up to date many investigators have described the coniferous forest distributed above 1,400m on Deongnysan as the forest vegetation of subarctic(=subalpine) zone. However, from the results of the present study, the forest vegetation, a mixed forest, was elucidated to be one of cool temperate zone. Species diversity of the terri-colous bryophyte community on Deongnyusan was very close to that of the communities of the similar type in the Jiri Mountains. The taxa of the bryophyte community was composed of 19 families,25 genera and 38 species.