• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.159-162
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• 2010

Diprion hani Smith and Cho was first reported as a new species from South Korea in 2007. Major outbreaks occurred in September 2007. Outbreaks were restricted geographically to only three inland areas of central Korea where had previously been reforested with Korean white pine, Pinus koraiensis Seib. & Zucc. The outbreak areas were approximately 50 km in diameter. The sawfly populations decreased drastically in 2008. Environmental factors of the outbreak sites were investigated as a first step to characterize the sites and to understand the population dynamics of the sawfly. During the outbreak in 2007, the average temperature of the sites were $1.3^{\circ}C$ higher than the 30 years average, and the annual precipitation was 384 mm higher than the average from 1971 to 2000. In addition, Monodontomerus dentipes (Dalman), a well-known torymid parasitoid of many sawflies, is reported as a gregarious cocoon parasitoid of D. hani.

• Landscaping Tree
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• v.56 no.5_6
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• pp.12-13
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• 2000

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.60-65
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the ecology of Nesodiprion japonlcus (Mmm,m) damaging many conifers The results obtained were as follows: Nesod~prion japonicus (Maun) emerged two times for a year and their body was black m both sexes. A female (10.1t 1 2 mm) adult was larger than a male (9.9t 0.8 mm) one in the body size. The size of antenna as plumose of female was different from that of male. Life span of adults was 3 or 4 days, those emergence rate was 92% and sex ratio of female to male was 6: 4. Adults 1a1d only an egg in the leaf and the region of the leaf aviposited turned brown. Duration of egg was 14.35 1 2 days, egg was In the shape of banana and red~sh-yellow,a nd its sire was 2.4+ 0.2 mm long. Duration of larvae was 30.35 2.1 days and its slze 20.15 2.2 mm, body was green with grey~sh shipes on the dorsal and lateral aspect, the tip of front and hind was yellow and head was brown with a dark-p~gmented area. Mature larva turned into light green and get lost a dark-pigmented area of head. The firstly-emerged larva made cocoons on the base of leaves and the secondawemerged larva among fallen leaves Duration of prepupa was 14.3f 2.0 days and their size 10.15 2.3 mm Duration of pupa was 12.2+ 1.3 days and its size 10.lt0.2mm.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.107-119
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine the current status of vascular plants and naturalized plants growing in the Seongeup Folk Village in Jeju and to consider and compare their distribution patterns and the characteristics of emergence of naturalized plants in other folk villages and all parts of Jeju, thereby exploring measures to well manage naturalized plants. The result of this study is as follows.11) The total number of vascular plants growing in Seongeup Folk Village is identified to be 354 taxa which include 93 families, 260 genus, 298 species, 44 varieties and 12 breeds. Among them, the number of naturalized plants is 55 taxa in total including 22 families, 46 genus, 53 species, and 2 varieties, which accounts for 21.7% of the total of 254 taxa identified all over the region of Jeju. The rate of naturalization in Seongeup Folk Village is 15.5%, which is far higher than the rates of plant naturalization in Hahoi Village in Andong, Yangdong Village in Gyeongju, Hangae Village in Seongju, Wanggok Village in Goseong, and Oeam Village in Asan. Among the naturalized plants identified within the targeted villages, the number of those growing in Jeju is 9 taxa including Silene gallica, Modiola caroliniana, Oenothera laciniata, Oenothera stricta, Apium leptophyllum, Gnaphalium purpureum, Gnaphalium calviceps, Paspalum dilatatum and Sisyrinchium angustifolium. It is suggested that appropriate management measures that consider the characteristics of the gateway to import and the birthplace of the naturalized plants are necessary. In the meantime, 3 more taxa that have not been included in the reference list of Jeju have been identified for the first time in Seongeup Folk Village, which include Bromus sterilis, Cannabis sativa and Veronica hederaefolia. The number of naturalized plants identified within the gardens of unit-based cultural properties is 20 taxa, among which the rate of prevalence of Cerastium glomeratum is the highest at 62.5%. On the other hand, the communities of plants that require landscape management are Brassica napus and other naturalized plants, including Cosmos bipinnatus, Trifolium repens, Medicago lupulina, Oenothera stricta, O. laciniata, Lotus corniculatus, Lolium perenne, Silene gallica, Hypochaeris radicata, Plantago virginica, Bromus catharticus and Cerastium glomeratum. As a short-term measure to manage naturalized plants growing in Seongeup Folk Village, it is important to identify the current status of Cosmos bipinnatus and Brassica napus that have been planted for landscape agriculture, and explore how to use flowers during the blooming season. It is suggested that Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Hypochaeris radicata, designated as invasive alien plants by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, should be eradicated initially, followed by regular monitoring in case of further invasion, spread or expansion. As for Hypochaeris radicata, in particular, some physical prevention measures need to be explored, such as for example, identifying the habitat density and eradication of the plant. In addition, it is urgent to remove plants, such as Sonchus oleraceus, Houttuynia cordata, Crassocephalum crepidioides, Erigeron annuus and Lamium purpureum with high index of greenness visually, growing wild at around high Jeongyi town walls. At the same time, as the distribution and dominance value of the naturalized plants growing in deserted or empty houses are high, it is necessary to find measures to preserve and manage them and to use the houses as lodging places.