• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1535-1540
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• 2006

하천의 평형상태를 판단하기위해 필요한 두가지 관점은 첫째, 대상 하천이 현재 평형상태에 있는 가이고 둘째, 하천에 하상변동을 일으킬 수 있는 인위적인 영향을 가한 후에 하천반응을 통해 궁극적으로 결정되는 평형상태를 예측하는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 하도의 특성을 토대로 하여 현 하도의 평형상태를 정성적인 측면에서 검토하고, 흐름과 유사 이송에 관련된 수학모형을 수치적으로 해석하는 하상변동모형의 분석을 통한 현하도의 안정성 및 하상변동 양상을 파악하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 임진강 유역의 충적하천인 문산천을 대상으로 지배유량을 산정한 후 지배유량 유하시의 마찰속도와 무차원 소류력 등의 하도특성량을 산정하여 토사이송이 크게 발생하는 구간을 정성적으로 예측하였다. 예측된 구간의 현장조사결과 $No.29{\sim}No.35$ 구간의 하상의 상승은 개수공사와 수해복구공사로 인한 인위적인 굴착에 대한 퇴적으로 하천이 평형상태로 환원하고자 하는 것으로 판단되었고, $No.41{\sim}No.54$ 구간의 하상저하는 문산천 상류구간의 큰 하상경사와 보의 영향인 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 1, 2차원 모형에 의한 장 단기 하상변동 분석결과 하도특성량을 이용한 하도의 안정성 평가와 유사한 결과를 보였다. 따라서 문산천의 경우 하상변동의 양상 파악 및 하도의 안정성 판단을 하는데 있어 하도특성량을 근거로 판단하는 방법의 적용가능성을 파악할 수 있었다.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.155-159
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• 2009

Crack-controlled method which utilizes the dynamic energy such as explosives and propellent gases have been applied to the development of mineral resource and oil and civil engineering. It is necessary to consider the fracture processes associated with the material properties and external forces to control crack propagation using borehole pressure. To investigate the influence of the applied borehole pressure waveform on the crack propagation in rock masses having different material properties, a no-free surface model was used, consisting of a borehole in rock with a continuous boundary. Loading rates ranging from 1 to 100MPa/${\mu}s$ with different rock mass properties was employed to investigate the loading rate dependency of fracture patterns in the rock mass.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.38-42
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• 2011

토석류는 산간지역에서 발생할 수 있는 가장 위험한 자연재해 중 하나로 입자-유체 혼합물인 토석류가 중력에 의해 매우 빠른 속도로 이동하는 현상을 의미한다. 산간지역에서의 토석류 발생은 도로의 횡단 배수 구조물의 통수능을 저하시키게 되며 그 결과 도로의 유실 등 막대한 피해를 발생시킨다. 잠재적인 토석류 발생 지역에서의 피해 저감을 위해서는 진보된 설계 기준이 마련되어야 하며 이를 위해 토석류의 횡단 배수구조물 내에서 토석류의 동적 거동 특성을 파악하는 것이 선행되어야 할 것이다. 이번 연구에서는 수리 실험을 통하여 횡단 배수구조물 내에서 토석류의 퇴적 특성을 파악하고자 한다. 수리 실험 장비는 폭이 일정한 사각형 수로로 접근 수로와 하류부 수로로 구성되어 있으며 접근수로의 상단부에서 일정한 유량의 토석류를 연속적으로 유입시켜 경사가 급변하는 하류부 수로 내에서의 토석류 퇴적 특성을 파악하였다. 실험 결과로 토석류의 거동 특성은 토석류의 체적 농도, 입자의 특성, 그리고 접근수로와 하류부 수로의 바닥 경사에 종속됨을 정량적으로 알 수 있었다. 또한, 토석류의 체적 농도나 수로 바닥경사 등과는 상관없이 토석류의 퇴적은 하류부 수로의 종단부인 자유 낙하 지점에서부터 시작되었고 시간이 경과함에 따라 퇴적 지점이 접근 수로 쪽으로 이동하며 퇴적량이 크게 증가하는 현상을 보였다. 이 때, 하류부 수로 내 퇴적된 토석류는 약 $12{\sim}15^{\circ}$의 경사를 보였다.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2016

With a rapid development of smart devices, the consumption of digital media contents has become much faster. As a result, there has been a rising demand for diverse stories, and cultural archetypes have been reproduced to crate these stories. An archetype is an act inherent in collective unconsciousness. Since it is a prototype stemming from imagination and experiences, the distortion or deterioration of the archetype could even threaten the identity of national tradition. This study analyzed western contents which have been successful and domestic ones that have failed in the reproduction of their archetype, investigated aspects in the reproduction of cultural archetypes and reviewed future storytelling methodology.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 1995

Abstract The surface of 6H - SiC bulk crystal grown by sublimation process was investigated by optical microscope observation. Since, in the 6H crystal growing, the crystal had the habitual step growth attitude such that the lateral growth rate along the random a - axis orientation was higher than that along the c - axis of the growth direction, then many steps were developed. There were, also, many micropipes on the surface in the form of as-like large voids. However, they were differenciated with pores and cross- sectional shape of them were close to the circle. In this study, many micropipes, planar defects and the growth steps appeared on the grown crystal surface were investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1997.05b
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• pp.201-206
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 Ni-기 합금인 합금 600과 합금 690, Fe-기 합금인 합금 800 및 초내식성 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강인 SR-50A에 대하여 부식 환경의 변화에 따른 특성 평가를 행하였다. 전기화학적 부식 평가는 양극 분극 시험을 통하여 행하였으며 부식 환경은 NaCl, HCI, NaOH(+$Na_2$SO$_4$) 액이었다. 응력 부식 균열 시험으로는 CERT(Constant Extension Rate Test)를 행하였으며 부식환경은 40%NaOH, 40%OH+12%$Na_2$SO$_4$ 용액이었다. CERT시험 후 그 파면을 SEM관찰하여 파괴 양상을 관찰하였다. 각 합금의 양극 분극 특성을 부식 환경에 따라 평가한 결과, 부식 용액의 증류에 따라 서로 다른 분극 거동을 보이고 있는데 산성과 중성 용액에서는 SR-50A가 가장 큰 저항성을 보이는 반면, 강 알카리용액인 NaOH용액에서는 Ni-기 합금의 저항성이 Fe-기 합금의 저항성보다 우수하게 나타났다. 응력 부식 균열 저항성은 전반적으로 Fe-기 합금보다 Ni-기 합금이 우수하게 나타났다. 파단면을 SEM관찰한 결과 합금 800과 SR-50A(tube)는 용액에 관계없이 입내 파괴 모드를 나타내고 있으며, 합금 600과 SR-50A판재는 입계 파괴 양상을 보이고 있다. 또한 가성 용액 중에 $Na_2$SO$_4$를 첨가할 경우, 부식 속도를 가속화시키고 응력 부식 균열 저항성을 감소시키고 있다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.95-105
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• 1973

Sink (grain)-filling rates of IR667 line (Suwon 213 and 214) and local leading varieties (Jinheung and Paldal) were investigated in relation to sink-source ratio, sink-source distance, forms of photosynthates, and weather factors. The results are as follows. 1. IR667 line have higher maximum filling rate (g. grain/day. ear) and shorter duration to reach maximum filling rate than local varieties. The curve pattern of sink-filling rate was high and steep type in IR667 line and low and broad type in local varieties. 2. Weather factors seem to give little effect on the curve pattern of sink-filling rate. 3. The functional sink-source distance (actual sink-source distance multiplied by the contribution rate of leaf for grain production) was shorter in upper leaves (flag and 2nd leaf) for IR667 line, the upper leaf-dependent type in grain production, and was longer in lower leaves (3rd and 4th) for local varieties, the lower leaf-dependent type. Specially short first internode from top may contribute to the upper leaf depencency of IR667 line. 4. According to free sugar-starch ratio (sugar/starch) in the culm and leaf sheath IR667 line could be classified as the high sugar type and the local varieties as the high starch type. The ratio of transportable form (sugar) to non transportable photosynthate (starch) seems to relate with sink-filling rate. And high sugar type is expected to have higher efficiency for grain production in view of energy balance. 5. A hypothesis that the higher in the uniformity within the series of productive structure the more efficient in grain production is proposed and discussed in relation to productivity. 6. According to the pattern of percent nutrient retention of each leaf blade IR667 showed the central retention type and Jinheung showed the apical retention type and each retention type appears to be a cause of each canopy conservation pattern. 7. From the content and percent distribution of nutrient in various organ IR667 could be classified as the leaf sheath dominant type and Jinheung as the leaf blade dominant type. 8. The fact that the greater the percent translocation of nutrient into grain the greater the percent nutrient retention in leaf blade was held between nitrogen and phosphorus within a variety and between varieties within a nutrient (N, P or K).

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.90-96
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• 1994

ZnO thin films were deposited using Diethylzinc and $N_{2}O$ gas by plasma enhanced CVD (PECVD) at low substrate temperatures below $300^{\circ}C$. The effect of deposition parameters on the growth rate and the structural properties was determined at various deposition conditions. Crystallized ZnO thin films were successfully deposited even at $150^{\circ}C$ of substrate temperature. Above $200^{\circ}C$ c-axis oriented ZnO thin films, of which a standard deviation of X-ray rocking curve was less than $6^{\circ}$. were deposited on glass substrates. The variation of deposition rate showed different trends depending on substrate temperature and rf-input power. According to the deposition rate behavior as a function of substrate temperature, the transition points were observed resulting from crystallization of ZnO thin films. The activation energies for the deposition of ZnO thin films were 3.1KJ/mol and 1.9KJ/mol for the rf powers of 200W and 250W, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1345-1352
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• 2007

To predict the effects of nutrient releasing on the water quality of Namyang Reservoir, nutrient releasing rates from sediments in oxic and anoxic conditions were estimated in a small microcosm. Organics and nitrogens were not released. The releasing pattern of inorganic phosphate and total phosphorus was depend on the oxygen concentration. The releasing rate of inorganic phosphate and total phosphorus in oxic condition was $1.01\sim2.48$ and $2.14\sim3.54$ mg-P/$m^2$/day, respectively. It was high in the upstream sediments indicating the particles containing easily degradable organic compounds are flowed into the area. Because the depth of Namyang Reservoir at the downstream adjacent to the Dam is $7\sim14$ m, the condition of most area of sediment surface will be oxic. Based on these results, the appropriate counterplans are required to reduce phosphorus release in oxic conditions to control water pollution.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.57-65
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• 2014

For economic and technical reasons, it is difficult to obtain high quality undisturbed cohesionless samples, hence most researchers rely on preparing remolded and reconstituted representative samples of sandy soils. In this study, moist tamping, air pluviation, and dry deposition methods were applied to make remolded samples at similar relative densities. A series of isotropically consolidated drained tests were conducted with accompanied by measured elastic wave velocities in order to evaluate a difference between sample preparation methods and relative densities. For the elastic wave velocity measurements, piezoelectric elements were installed on the top and bottom cap of the triaxial device. The results showed that soil behavior relies on sample preparation methods, and that the trend of shear wave velocity was the same with volumetric strain behavior.