• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.564-568
• /
• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Hewer's dried grain supplementation on growth performance and digestibility in growing pigs. A total of forty-eight pigs (19.3 kg, average initial body weight) were used during 42 days. Dietary treatments included: 1) CON (basal diet), 2) BDG5 (basal diet + 5 % brewer's dried grain) and 3) BDC10 (basal diet + 10 % brewer's dried grain). Each treatment had 8 replicates of 2 pigs per pen in a randomized complete block design. Growth performance was not affected by treatments. However, in nutrient digestibility, DM digestibility was higher in BDG5 treatment than CON and BDG10 treatments. Nitrogen digestibility was the highest in BDG10 treatment and among another treatments, also, BDG5 treatment was higher than CON treatment. And, energy digestibility was higher in BDG10 treatment than CON treatment. In conclusion, dietary brewer's dried grain supplementation is not reduced on growth performance and improved on nutrient digestibility.

• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.133-138
• /
• 2008

We evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation of scoria on growth performances and apparent protein digestibility in juvenile parrot fish Oplegnathus fasciatus and olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. In experiment, parrot fish at initial average weight of $7.6{\pm}0.01g(mean{\pm}SD)$ were divided into 9 groups(three groups per dietary treatment) and fed one of three isonitrogenous diets which contained 0%, 1% and 2% of scoria, respectively. Experiment was conducted with juvenile olive flounder to demonstrate the improved apparent digestibility of protein found in the experiment. Five experimental diets were formulated to contain different levels of scoria: Diet 1(control), 0% scoria; diet 2, 1% scoria; diet 3, 2% scoria; diet 4, 3% scoria; and diet 5, 4% scoria. After 9 weeks of feeding trial(Exp), no significant differences were observed on growth performances between Scoria 2% and the control group. However, the growth was significantly lower in scoria 1% compared to that of the control group. Hematological parameters were not affected by the supplementation of scoria. Interestingly, apparent protein digestibility was improved by dietary supplementation of scoria both in parrot fish and olive flounder. The findings suggest that dietary supplementation of 2-3% scoria is optimum levels in order to improve the protein digestibility in the diets for juvenile parrot fish and olive flounder.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.394-397
• /
• 1978

In vitro digestibility study using pepsin was conducted on round muscle previously treated with papain and the change in the amounts of liberated amino nitrogen was followed during the time course of digestion procedure. The obtained results were summarized as follows. 1. As compared with control, enzyme treatment groups had higher digestibility and curtailed digestion time. 2. All the enzyme treatment groups showed the highest digestibility between 6 and 10 hours in the course of digestion procedure. 3. The amounts of liberated amino nitrogen were increased similarly to digestibility and digestion time. 4. As compared with control, enzyme treatment groups showed considerably higher amounts of liberated amino nitrogen, the liberation rate being the highest between 2 and 8 hours of digestion time.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.70-74
• /
• 1974

The round muscle of Korean cattle and squid muscle were cooked with various methods which were followed digestibility test by use of pepsin in-vitro, determination of amino nitrogen in the course of digestion procedure by using Formol method (AOAC) and influence of ether treatment for preminary test also examined. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The order of digestibility values were demonstrated as follows: In case of beef, it was autoclaving, frying, raw, freezing, roasting, boiling and in case of squid muscle, it was raw, autoclaving, boiling, freezing, dry heating and roasting. 2. The amounts of amino nitrogen for beef and squid muscle were increased in proportion to digestibility value. 3. There were no significances in the digestibility between treating with ether and none of any treatment of beef and squid muscle in raw condition.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.297-303
• /
• 2012

To investigate the effects of dietary substituent of corn distiller's dries grains with solubles (CDDGS) on the amino acid digestibility of broiler diet, twenty four Ross broilers (6-wk-old) were used in this study. Basal diet (CP 19%, ME 3,150 kcal/kg) was formulated on corn-soybean meal and two levels of CDDGS (6 and 12%) were supplemented to basal diet. CDDDS levels (0, 6 and 12%) and 4 different sites of chicken intestines (distal end of jejunum, the middle part of the ileum, the distal end of ileum and the distal end of the rectum) were evaluated factorial as $3{\times}4$ three arrangement. Statistical analysis did not show any significant interaction between dietary treatments and the sites of the intestines in amino acid digestibility (P>0.05). There was no significant difference among the sites of chicken intestines in the digestibility (P<0.05). The digestibility of lysine (essential amino acid) and glycine (non-essential amino acid) decreased at increasing supplementation of CDDGS (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on the digestibility of other amino acids studied. In conclusion, the result of this work showed that CDDGS can use as alternative resources in broiler diets.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.219-226
• /
• 1986

To confirm the application of a newer in vitro assays to determining the nutritional value of marine crustaceans (mainly shrimps and crabs), which have been considered to be highly nutritive depending on their levels of the essential amino acids and digestibility, their C-PERs and DC-PERs were determined and studied the factors influencing their in vitro results. Four species of seawater shrimps and 2 species of seawater crabs were used in this experiment. The in vitro digestibilities showed $83{\sim}86\%$ for raw shrimps and the trypsin indigestibile substrate content (TIS) was ranged from 1.32 to 3.33 mg/g solid expressed quantitatively as mg of purified soybean trypsin inhibitor. The smaller size of shrimps revealed a greater in vitro digestibility and a lower contents of TIS. It was noted that the in vitro digestibility of raw blue crab meat was around $85\%$ while boiled tenner crab meat showed $86\%$ or above, and the leg meat had the greatest in vitro digestibility in the various parts of crab meats. The poor in vitro digestibilities for shrimp's and crab's meat, compared with that of the other seafoods as noted in previous reports, suggest that the drop in pH, due to the change in their freshness during harvesting and frozen storage, resulted in underestimating their digestibilities using four-enzyme digestion technique. The lysine contents in all samples were higher than that of ANRC casein but they contained a slightly lower sulfur-containing amino acids than those in ANRC casein. But the other EAA, such as valine, tyrosine and phenylalanine, were found to be a half as little as that in casein and played a key-factor in calculation of C-PER or DC-PER. It was observed that the value of C-PER and DC-PER for all samples ranged from 2.1 to 2.4, and the predicted digestibilities showed $90\%$ or above in all samples. It was a different results from the fact that the animal proteins bear a higher values and predicted digestibilities than those of C-PER values. The lack of correlation between C-PER and DC-PER values is attributable to the fact that the lower content of valine, tyrosine and phenylalanine, and drop in pH owing to the changes of freshness in marine crustacea proteins. Therefore, if a newer in vitro digestion technique-which are taken into account the pH drop before digestion, TIS content and released free amino acids and/or peptides-developed, C-PER assays can provide more advantages in assessing the protein nutritional value of marine crustacea than any other in vitro assays.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.127-131
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of expanding feed processing technologies on the egg characteristics and nutrient digestibility in laying hens. A total of two hundred seventy laying hens were randomly allocated into three treatments with fifteen replications for six weeks. Dietary treatments include 1) MS(mash), 2) EC(expanded crumble) and 3) EP(expanded pellet). In the egg production, the EC and EP treatments were significantly higher than MS treatment(p<0.05). However, no significant difference was founded in egg weight(p>0.05). Egg shell breaking was increased in EC and EP treatments compared with MS treatment(p<0.05), however, egg shall thickness showed no significant difference(p>0.05). Egg production and egg shell breaking were significantly higher in EC and EP treatments than MS treatment(p<0.05), but egg weight and egg shell thickness were no significantly difference among treatment(p<0.05). Yolk color was increased in EC treatment compared with other treatments(p<0.05). Also, yolk index was significantly improved in EC and EP treatments compared with MS treatment(p<0.05). Haugh unit was increased in EC treatment compared with MS treatment(p<0.05). EC treatment had improved DM, Ca and P digestibility. In conclusion, Expanded crumble and pellet processing could improve the egg characteristic and nutrient digestibility in laying hens.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.273-278
• /
• 2004

Sixty $[(Duroc \times {Yorkshire)} \times {Landrace]}$ nursery pigs$(11.44\pm{0.13Kg}$ average initial body weight) were evaluated to know the effects of dietary Astragalus Membranaces and dried-onion meal complex(AO) on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility. There were three pigs per pen and five pens per treatment. Dietary treatments included 1) corn-SBM based diet(CON; basal diet), 2) AO 0.2(basal diet＋0.2% AO), 3) AO 0.4(basal diet＋0.4% AO) and 4) AO 0.6(basal diet＋0.6% AO). ADG was increased as the concentration of AO in the diets was increased(Linear effect, P =0.01). DM and N digestibilities were increased as the concentration of AO in the diets was increased(Linear effect, p =0.01). Thirty $[(Duroc \times {Yorkshire)} \times$ Landrace] growing pigs $(37.97\pm{0.54Kg}$ average initial body weight) were fed dietary treatments included 1) corn-SBM based diet(CON; basal diet) and 2) TRT(basal diet+0.3% AO). Pigs fed TRT diet were significantly(P<0.05) increased in ADG, ADFI and gain/feed compared to pigs fed CON diet. DM and N digestibilites of pigs fed TRT diets was higher than that of pigs fed CON diet(P<0.05). In conclusion, the results obtained from this feeding trial suggest that the dietary AO for nursery and growing pigs had improved growth performance and nutrient digestibility.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.82-87
• /
• 2000

생물학적 슬러지를 대상으로 간헐포기 소화와 호기성 소화의 회분실험을 실시하였다. 생물학적 슬러지의 간헐포기 및 호기성 소화 초기단계에서 미생물의 감량은 주로 내생 호흡에 의해 이루어졌다. 이 단계에서 질소는 곧바로 용출되지 않고 슬러지내에 잔존함으로서 슬러지의 질소함량은 일시적으로 증가한다. 그러나 소화후반에서는 최초의 질소함량수준으로 다시 감소하였다. 34일간의 회분식 소화에서 호기성 소화의 총질소 제거효율은 0.1%로서 거의 제거가 안된 반면, 포기 비율 0.25, 05 및 0.75인 간헐포기 소화에서는 각각 42.7%, 42.5% 및 17.6%로 나타나 간헐포기 소화가 호기성 소화보다 질소 제거측면에서 우수하였다. VSS의 감소에 따라 슬러지내의 인도 수중으로 용출하였으나, 인 용출율은 VSS 감소율 보다 훨씬 낮았고 그 결과 소화슬러지의 인 함량은 지속적으로 증가하였다. 호기성 소화와 간헐포기 소화는 소화슬러지의 인 함량이 증가하는 공정이므로 반송수의 인 부하는 상대적으로 낮아지게 되고 이는 하수의 영양염류 제거측면에서 긍정적인 효과를 미칠 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.109-110
• /
• 2004

참옻나무 추출액이 육계의 생산성과 장내미생물 변화 및 영양소 소화율에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 1일령 육계(Ross) 960수를 공시하여 평사에서 5주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 증체량은 추출액 급여구가 첨가수준이 증가할수록 증가하는 양상을 보였으나 통계적 유의성은 인정되지 않았다. 사료섭취량 및 사료요구율 역시 차이가 없었다. 장내미생물 변화에서 맹장내 유산균, E. coli 및 Salmonella는 처리간 차이가 없었다. 영양소 소화율은 추출액 첨가구가 향상되는 결과를 보였으나 통계적 유의성은 인정되지 않았다.