• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.154-159
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• 2006

It is essential to understand the decomposition characteristics for developing the optimum anaerobic digestion system of organic wastes. In this study, BMP (Biochemical Methane Potential) test using serum bottle was conducted to evaluate the anaerobic degradability of fish offal. 3 different groups of fish offal including waste from mackerel and hairtail handling except viscera and fish viscera were chosen for the substrates. Grinded fish offal was transferred anaerobically to serum bottle in amounts of 50 ml, 100 ml and 150 ml, respectively. BMP test was carried out in triplicate. Cumulative methane production and methane production rate depending on incubation time were evaluated. These results varied depending on substrate characteristics. The average values of ultimate methane yield ranged between $420ml{\cdot}CH_4/g{\cdot}VS$ and $490ml{\cdot}CH_4/g{\cdot}VS$, and the methane production and degradation rate of viscera were higher than those of other parts of fish offal. According to the analysis of elemental composition, average C/N ratio of fish offal used in this study was 5.2. Theoretical ultimate methane yield calculated from elemental composition was $522ml{\cdot}CH_4/g{\cdot}VS$. Biodegradability was calculated as 0.847.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2021

The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of treating slaughterhouse by-products using microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). The diluted pig liver was fed to MEC reactors with the influent COD concentrations of 772, 1,222, and 1,431 mg/L, and the applied voltage were 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 V. The highest methane production of 5.9 mL was obtained at the influent COD concentration of 1,431 mg/L and applied voltage of 0.9 V. In all tested conditions, COD removal rate was increased as the influent COD concentration increased with average removal rate of 62.3~81.1%. The maximum methane yield of 129~229 mL/g COD was obtained, which is approximately 80% of theoretical maximum value. It might be due to the bioelectrochemical reaction greatly increased the biodegradability of pig liver. Future research is required to improve the methane yield and digestibility through optimizing the reactor design and operating conditions.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.141-151
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• 2016

Recently, technology for energy recovery from waste has been increasing interest globally including the Korea. In Korea, we have interested in using biogas generated from the sewage treatment process. As one alternative, there are operating biogas combined heat and power plant. The generation amount of the Sewage Sludge are expected to grow in the future. For this reason, total processing cost of Sewage Sludge will increase. To solve this problem, it seems will be invested with the expansion of facilities that use biogas as energy. Therefore, quantitative information on such facilities is required. Thus, this study attempts to economic feasibility analysis for Seonam Biogas Combined Heat and Power Plant. Meanwhile, as the benefit items for economic feasibility analysis consider electricity supply benefit except for heat supply benefit. The average prices of electricity use were residence 123.69, commercial 130.46, and industry 102.59 won per kWh for the year 2015, In addition, the economic benefit are calculated to be residence 310.21, commercial 378.49, and industry 222.87 won per kWh. The results of economic feasibility analysis is NPV 72.18 billion won, B/C 1.90, IRR 37%, shows that economic validity of Seonam Biogas Combined Heat and Power Plant.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the transition mechanism and prevention mechanism of gas explosion to fire. Transition phenomena of explosion to fire of LPG in the explosion vessel of its size of TEX>$100 cm {\times} 60 cm {\times} 45 cm$ was visualized using the high speed video camera and the mechanism was analysed from the videograph. Newspaper size of $30cm {\times} 20cm$ was used for combustible sample in this experiments and LPG-air mixture was ignited by 10 ㎸ electric spark. Experimental parameter was gas concentration, size of vent area and position of combustible solid. Size of vent area were varied as $10cm {\times} 9cm, 13cm {\times} 10cm, 27cm {\times} 20cm, 40cm {\times} 27cm$, and the position of combustible was varied in 4 point. Carbon dioxide was used to study the prevention mechanism of explosion to fire transition of LPG. Based on this experiment we can find that transition possibility of explosion to fire on solid combustible from explosion is depends on concentration of LPG-air mixture and the exposure time of solid combustibles in high temperature atmosphere of flame and burnt gas. And cooling or inerting of the atmosphere after explosion can be prevent the transition of explosion to fire on solid combustibles from gas explosion.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2021

In this study, to use as basic data for the organic waste resource energy incentive system, the energy efficiency is evaluated through the mass balance and energy balance calculation results of the anaerobic digester where food waste, food waste leachate and various organic wastes are treated. As a result of the mass balance analysis for 11 biogasification facilities, it was confirmed that 21.1% of process water and 25.7% of tap water were input in large amounts, excluding organic waste. Accordingly, it accounted for 87.6% of the total effluent of linked treated water. In addition, considering that 15.7% of the total input volume is converted to biogas and the average total solids (TS) is 22%, an average material conversion rate of 75% was confirmed. As a result of the energy balance analysis, the energy conversion rate was confirmed to be 78.5% on average by analyzing the biogas calorific value compared to the potential energy of the influent. The average biogas production efficiency including external energy sources for biogas production was 69.4%, and the biogas plant efficiency to which unused effluent energy was applied was 58.9% on average.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2008

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is the most promising method of treating and recycling of different organic wastes, such as OFMSW, household wastes, animal manure, agro-industrial wastes, industrial organic wastes and sewage sludge. During AD, i.e. degradation in the absence of oxygen, organic material is decomposed by anaerobes forming degestates such as an excellent fertilizer and biogas, a mixture of carbon dioxide and methane. AD has been one of the leading technologies that can make a large contribution to producing renewable energy and to reducing $CO_2$ and other GHG emission, it is becoming a key method for both waste treatment and recovery of a renewable fuel and other valuable co-products. A classification of the basic AD technologies for the production of biogas can be made according to the dry matter of biowaste and digestion temperature, which divide the AD process in wet and dry, mesophilic and thermophilic. The biogas produced from AD plant can be utilized as an alternative energy source, for lighting and cooking in case of small-scale, for CHP and vehicle fuel or fuel in industrials in case of large-scale. This paper provides an overview of the status of biogas production and utilization technologies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2018

Interest in fire prevention/fighting has been increased by large fire. It is important to install/manage the detector, alarm, firefighting facility, evacuation route and so on to minimize the damage from fire. Chemical plant is generally constructed by steel structure. So fireproofing is significantly required to chemical plant because steel structure should endure during fire. Currently, fireproofing should be applied up to 6m from ground by local regulation. But chemical plant can handle the large amount of flammable materials or only non-flammable materials. Required of fireproofing height by fire magnitude is studied in this thesis.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2008

In hydrogen production for fuel cell by reforming ADG, sulfur compounds, odorant in ADG, are detrimental to reforming catalyst and fuel cell electrodes. We prepared alkali metal impregnated activated carbon to remove sulfur compounds in ADG by adsorption. The sulfur breakthrough adsorption capacity was changed depending on the oxygen concentration and relative humidity. Oxygen 0.2 vol% and RH 90% showed the highest sulfur breakthrough capacity. Adsorption characteristics of $H_2S$ on KI impregnated activated carbon were evaluated using dynamic adsorption method in a fixed bed. Based on the results, adsorption tower was designed and field-tested.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.202-205
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• 2008

Anaerobic digestion(AD) is the most promising method of treating and recycling of different organic wastes, such as OFMSW, household wastes, animal manure, agro-industrial wastes, industrial organic wastes and sewage sludge. During AD, i.e. degradation in the absence of oxygen, organic material is decomposed by anaerobes forming degestates such as an excellent fertilizer and biogas, a mixture of carbon dioxide and methane. AD has been one of the leading technologies that can make a large contribution to producing renewable energy and to reducing $CO_2$ and other GHG emission, it is becoming a key method for both waste treatment and recovery of a renewable fuel and other valuable co-products. A classification of the basic AD technologies for the production of biogas can be made according to the dry matter of biowaste and digestion temperature, which divide the AD process in wet and dry, mesophilic and thermophilic. The biogas produced from AD plant can be utilized as an alternative energy source, for lighting and cooking in case of small-scale, for CHP and vehicle fuel or fuel in industrials in case of large-scale. This paper provides an overview of the status of biogas production and utilization technologies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.113-119
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• 1997

The detection capability of UV flame detector in dust environment would be impaired. In this study, an experiment was conducted, in an effort to further understand the behavior of UV flame detector and to evaluate its detection capability in industry dust environment. Detergent powder, coal powder and dry extinguishing agent were selected as dust sources. Flaming sources include propane and gasoline flame. Experiment results indicate that dust can cause remarkable attenuation of UV flame radiation. The concentration of dust and the length of air layer where dust dispersed determine the reduction of radiation intensity. On the other hand, the attenuation of UV radiation also depends on the chemical and Physical properties of dust.