• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.1463-1471
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• 2009

Silver ions or silver nanoparticles have multi-functional properties. The cotton fabrics for providing multi-functional properties were treated with a nanosilver powder, UV-absorbers, and dimethyloldi-hydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) alone and mixed solution. The physical properties, UV protection, antibacterial, and deodorizing properties of treated cotton fabrics were evaluated. The results were as a follows. The UV protection of cotton fabrics were increased by the application of a nanosilver and Uv-absorbers mixture. The UV protection of treated fabrics were improved by nanosilver/DMDHEU/UV-absorbers mixed solution. The wrinkle recovery properties of fabrics treated with DMDHEU and nanosilver improved. The stiffness of fabrics are decreased by a nanosilver/DMDHEU/UV-absorbers mixed solution. The antibacterial properties of the fabrics treated with nanosilver/DMDHEU/UV-absorbers mixed solution is 99.99%. The functional properties of cotton fabrics are shown to be better with aanosilver/DMDHEU/UV-absorbers mixed than treated with nanosilver alone.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.74-86
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• 1995

Antibacterial and deodorization properties of silk fabrics dyed with Sappan wood are investigated by Halo, Shake flask, Bioassay and Detection column methods.The results are obtained as follows; 1. Although K/S values increase with Al mordant and concentrate concentrations, these are decreased in 10% Al mordant concentration in case of 4mlg dye concentration. 2. Reduction ratios of bacteria increase with K/S values in various tests. 3. When undyed silk fabrics are treated with Al mordant, reduction ratios of bacteria are not varied with Al mordant concentrations. 4. Deodorization property of Al pre-mordanted dyeing silk fabrics is better than one of unmordanted dyeing and raw silk fabrics. 5. Antibacterial properties of Cu and Cr mordanted dyeing fabrics are better than ones of the dyeing fabrics treated with the other mordants. 6. Natural dyes extracted from Sappan wood show the good antibacterial and deodorization properties, and colorant among various components contained in Sappan wood has a excellent antibacterial and deodorization properties.

• The Korean Fashion and Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.231-236
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• 2019

This study investigated the proper dyeing conditions, color fastness and functionality of wool fabrics dyed with Zizania latifolia Turcz. We also tried to improve light fastness through treatment with benzophenone ultraviolet absorber. The dyeing of wool fabrics using Zizania latifolia Turcz was good even without pretreatment or mordanting treatment. Optimal wool fabric dyeing conditions were colorant concentration of 200% (o.w.f.), dyeing temperature of $100^{\circ}C$, dyeing time of 80 minutes and a dye bath pH of 3. Color fastness of dyed wool fabrics to washing, rubbing, perspiration and light was 4-5, 5, 4-4-5 (acidic), 4-5 (alkaline) and 2 respectively. The results after treatment with ultraviolet absorber for improving the fastness of daylight were improved to 3-4 grade. The UV protection rate were increased after dyeing and the deodorization of ammonia gas improved to 98%. Bacterial reduction rate (Staphylococcus aureus) of wool fabrics was excellent at 99.9%. All dye fastness (except for light fastness) was excellent; in addition, the functionality of wool fabrics dyed with Zizania latifolia Turcz also improved. The results are expected to be applied to various fields because they indicate excellent results after treatment with ultraviolet absorber for improving the fastness of daylight.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.288-296
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• 2019

This study examined the proper dyeing conditions, color fastness and functionality for wool fabrics dyed with Chamaecyparis obtusa leaf extract. FT-IR and UV-Vis spectrum analysis showed that tannin and flavonoids were contained in the extracted colorant. The dyeing of wool fabrics using Chamaecyparis obtusa leaf was good without pretreatment or mordant treatment. Optimal dyeing conditions for wool fabrics were a colorant concentration of 70%(v/v), dyeing temperature of $100^{\circ}C$, dyeing time of 100 minutes and dyebath pH of 5.8. Color fastness of dyed wool fabrics to washing, rubbing, perspiration was good, whereas light was grade 3. The UV protection rate and deodorization rate of wool fabrics dyed with Chamaecyparis obtusa leaf improved. Reduction rate of Staphylococcus aureus/Klebsiella pneumoniae were excellent at 99.9%. Therefore, it was confirmed that Chamaecyparis obtusa leaf can be used as environ-mentally friendly natural dye.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.874-881
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• 2013

Dansam (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge) is a perennial plant that belongs to the Labiatae family and is characterized by red pigment found in the epidermis of its roots. Research on the dyeability of Dansam extract was performed with repeated trials under various conditions such as temperature, time, and mordant treatment. Silk fabrics were dyed with Dansam extract and mordanted with various agents such as Al, Fe, Cu, and Sn to evaluate the dyeability and functionality of Dansam extract; subsequently, the K/S value and the change of surface color were analyzed using a colorimeter. In addition, the dyeability of dyed fabrics (such as color fastness to washing, dry cleaning fastness, rubbing fastness and light fastness) and functionality (such as antibacterial activity and deodorization) were analyzed. The surface colors of all dyed fabrics were recorded and the results showed the presence of mostly YR series of colors; in addition, a GY color series appeared in the Fe pre-mordants of the silk fabric. The highest K/S values were recorded in Fe post-mordants. The washing fastness were Level 3 and Level 4; in addition, the dry-cleaning fastness showed excellent results at Level 4 and Level 5. The rubbing fastness was satisfactory at Level 3 and Level 4 and the light fastness was satisfactory at Level 4. The results of the measurements (that pertained to the antibacterial activity of fabrics dyed with Dansam extract) showed a 99.9% bacteria reduction rate of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In regards to deodorization ability, dyed fabrics were found to have higher deodorization rates than those not dyed. The dyed fabric demonstrated exceptional deodorization qualities.

• The Korean Fashion and Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.486-492
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• 2017

This study finds surface color and functions of natural dyeing from Chamaecyparis obtusa leaves which help cure skin problems such as atopic dermatitis. This study also seeks to find dyeing properties and functions of natural colorants derived from Chamaecyparis obtusa and Rubia tinctorum on silk. Dyeing properties and functions are compared between silks dyed with Chamaecyparis obtusa and silks composite-dyed with Chamaecyparis obtusa and Rubia tinctorum. The comparison examines the feasibility of developing healthy and high functional fabrics and wellness of fashion merchandises. Silk dyeing with Chamaecyparis obtuse leaves yields yellow and double coloring from Chamaecyparis obtusa; however, Rubia tinctorum yields yellow/red on silks. Silks dyed with Chamaecyparis obtusa and silks composite-dyed with Chamaecyparis obtusa and Rubia tinctorum show a high level on dry cleaning, ultraviolet protection and deodorization. Especially, the dyed silks from leaves of Chamaecyparis obtusa show a 99.7% antimicrobial effect against staphylococcus aureus ATCC 653B. Silks composite-dyed with Chamaecyparis obtusa and Rubia tinctorum are better known for medicinal herb for dermatitis, and natural colorant, Rubia tinctorum does not improve significantly functions compared with silks dyed with Chamaecyparis obtusa. However, the dyeing properties improve by composite dyeing. This implies that ways to maximize effects of tie-dyeing technique could be developed.

• The Korean Fashion and Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.515-522
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• 2017

The natural dyeing industry has been faced with increasing demands of constant needs for environmentally and body friendly clothing products among modern consumers. Natural dyeing has attracted attention as a next-generation technology in green textiles. Dyestuffs need to be diversified for technological development activation in order to meet the increasing demands for natural dyeing. This study extracted dyeing solutions from the leaves of the Rose of Sharon (the national flower of South Korea) and investigated its dyeing properties for the development of various natural dyestuffs. This study investigates the dyeability of silk fabrics with Rose of Sharon leaves extract. Optimal conditions for dyeing of silk fabrics with the extract of Rose of Sharon were $40^{\circ}C/80min$ and $90^{\circ}C/60min$ with 100% concentration. Looking at the results, it showed the best K/S value at pH3, Sn pre-mordanting and Fe post-mordanting. Color fastness to washing, dry cleaning, rubbing and perspiration was good at grade 4-5 or 4. However, light fastness was observed in grade 2. In aspect of functional property, it showed an excellent result of 90% deodorization rate. In addition, its proven functionalities (deodorant properties) will help to produce high value added environment-friendly products. Those findings demonstrate the possibilities of the Rose of Sharon as an environment-friendly dye.

• The Korean Fashion and Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.869-877
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• 2016

This study looks into the dyeing properties and functionality of cotton fabrics dyed in both the Spirodela polyrhiza extract and the extract resulting from the mixture of Salvia plebeia R. Br. and Spirodela polyrhiza. Since the UV-Vis Spectrum of the methanol extract of Spirodela polyrhiza shows absorption peaks at 256, 268nm, and 345nm, it can be inferred that the compound that Spirodela polyrhiza contains is a flavonoid. In addition, it can also be presumed that, by analyzing the infrared absorption spectrum of Spirodela polyrhiza, the plant contains flavonoid compounds, just like Salvia plebeia R. Br.. The UV protection factors of the cotton fabrics dyed in both the Spirodela polyrhiza extract and the extract from the mixture of Salvia plebeia R. Br. and Spirodela polyrhiza were 50+, presenting outstanding UV protection factors. The deodorization rate of the cotton dyed in the Spirodela polyrhiza extract was between 30 and 120 minutes, and the rate rose from 92% to 97% as time passed. The deodorization rate of the cotton dyed in the extract from the mixture of Salvia plebeia R. Br. and Spirodela polyrhiza increased from 88% to more than 91%. The result also revealed that overall the fastness of color, including color fastness to washing related to change in color, as well as the color fastness to light of the fabric dyed in the extract from the mixture of the two plants improved, compared to the cloth dyed only in Spirodela polyrhiza extract. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity was also strengthened.

• The Korean Fashion and Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.112-119
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• 2019

This study had a purpose of further investigating and developing the usage of the eco-friendly functional dye that has physiological and pharmacological functions. This study was implemented complex dyeing method which used both natural dyes such as Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis colorant, which are the yellow dyes that have high brightness and low chroma, and Xanthium strumarium L. extract. The silk fabrics were used to dye in various methods. They were also used to investigate functionalities dyed fabrics by various treating method, such as their color fastness, antibacterial activities and deodorization, the following were obtained. The fabrics that were dyed with herbs had decreasing brightness as the herbs extract concentrations were increased and had subtly changing chroma. But, because their K/S values were under 0.5, they were not properly dyed. Color fastness differed according to the natural dyes and herbs' complex dyeing order. The Color fastness was good when the fabrics were dyed with the colorant first, and then with the herb. When the fabrics were dyed with mixture dyeing solution, the natural dye and the herb extract, the herb didn't affect the dyeabilities of fabrics as much. When the fabrics were dyed with the mixture of the colorant and the herb extract, the dyeabilities didn't have much changes. However, their color fastnesses were improved a little bit due to the complex dyeing condition. When the fabrics were dyed with the mixture of the colorant and the herbs extract, their antibacterial activities and deodorization were increased.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.88-92
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• 2005

In order to make pure dyestuff extract from polygonum tinctoria, we tried to traditionally-using cockle shell which the extracted water should be filtered in indigo for 8 hours and at the $40^{\circ}C$, and 4.0 pH. The 1.631g of powder dye could be produced when the 10.0 ml of aqueous ammonia was added into the solution, which had been filtered for 8 hours with the 300 g of indigo plant and the 2.51 of water. The main components of two maded -dye which has traditionally made of this and has purely made of that compared by TLC, HPLC, LC/MC techniques. Finally, the antibacterial activities and deodorization ratio of silk fabrics with natural indigo were carried out, too.