• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

This paper analyses the dynamic causal relationship between vessel export and economic growth using annual data over the period from 1977 to 2006. Tests for ADF unit-roots, the dynamic vector using Johansen's multiple cointegration procedure, dynamic vector error correction model and impulse response function are presented. The findings of the Granger test suggest that vessel export Granger-causes economic growth in the short-run and economic growth Granger-causes exports in the short and long-run. The empirical results of impulse-response analysis show that the vessel export to a shock in real GDP responds positively and the real GDP responds positively to the shocks in vessel export. Also, the results indicate that the impact of vessel export shock on the real GDP is short-lived.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.2 s.112
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• pp.181-187
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• 2005

For 4 years (2000 ${\sim}$ 2003), annual fluctuations of standing crops of cyanobacteria and physicochemical factors were examined at five sites from Bridge of Seungsoo to Bridge of Seungsan in the lower part of Han River. The cyanobacterial abundance (ND to 4,167 cells $mL^{-1}$) was strongly decreased during the heavy rains in every year. During the similar periods in 2003, cyanobacteria hardly observed, and comprised below of 10 percentage of total phytoplankton. In the period of little cyanobacteria, some green algae and diatom dominated the phytoplankton community, while the concentration of chlorophyll a has not largely change. These results indicate that heavy frequent precipitation strongly limited the growth of cyanobacteria, and lead an algal succession by the appearance of new algal groups.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.129-172
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• 1995

밖으로는 코펜하겐 사회개발(社會開發) 정상회의를 계기로, 안으로는 국민기대수준(國民期待水準)의 제고와 고도성장의 부작용(副作用)에 대한 성찰을 배경으로 신복지구상(新福祉構想)이 제기된 바 있다. 이는 인간성(人間性) 회복을 근간으로 한국 실정에 어울리는 생산적(生産的) 공동체적(共同體的) 복지정책(福祉政策)을 추진함으로써 국민생활의 안정에 우선을 두겠다는 정책의지의 결집이라고 요약된다. 신복지구상(新福祉構想)은 우리에게 발상의 전환과 새로운 패러다임의 제시를 요구하고 있다. 우리 국민은 고도성장(高度成長)의 부작용(副作用)으로 생활을 둘러싸고 있는 경제 사회적 환경이 열악하게 되어 안정적인 삶을 위협받고 있다. 특히 물질적(物質的)인 삶의 풍부함과 더불어 황금만능사상(黃金萬能思想)이 만연하여 인간경시경향(人間輕視傾向)이 두드러지고 있어 국민들은 안전하고 안정된 생활여건(生活與件)의 조성을 갈구하고 있는 것으로 풀이된다. 지금이야말로 대내외적(對內外的) 환경변화에 발맞추어 성장잠재력(成長潛在力) 확충을 지지하면서 계속적인 산업화(産業化)가 발생시킬 사회적(社會的) 비용(費用)을 줄일 수 있도록 적절한 복지정책(福祉政策) 대안(代案)의 개발이 요청되고 있다고 하겠다. 복지정책의 중점은 국민요구를 반영하여 삶의 질(質)향상을 위한 생활복지(生活福祉)로 모아져야 할 것이다. 대부분의 국민이 문화(文化)가 있고 건강(健康)하며 안정(安定)된 생활을 희구하고 있음에 비추어, 일상생활 속에서 복지증진을 체감(體感)할 수 있도록 지역사회를 단위로 특색 있는 정책이 전개되어야 할 것이다. 앞으로의 사회복지정책(社會福祉政策)은 전통적(傳統的) 사회보장제도(社會保障制度)와 서구적(西歐的) 사회보장제도(社會保障制度)의 조화, 경제성장과 사회복지의 균형, 정부, 민간 그리고 지역사회의 공조(共助)를 요구하고 있으며, 이와 관련하여 일본(日本)과 대만(臺灣)의 경험이 시사하는 것처럼 장기적인 시각(視角)에서 꾸준히 일관성 있게 공적지출(公的支出)을 늘려나가는 것이 중요하다고 판단된다. 그리하여 민간의 자발적(自發的) 참여를 유도함으로써 국민 모두의 삶의 질(質) 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것이며 결국 인간성(人間性) 고양을 통하여 국민화합이 달성될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.95-106
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• 2013

The Electronic Times, starting in 1982 as a weekly newspaper, has become an influential daily newspaper specializing in Information Technology(IT) since the mid 1990s in Korea. Particularly, it has shown significant and impressive financial achievements in the past thirty years since it was established. Also, it has contributed to the development in the field of IT journalism as well as the popularization of Information Technology. The primary purpose of this study is to provide useful lessons and implications to those who are interested in the evolution of The Electronic Times by investigating the financial performance of The Electronic Times and its contributions to the popularization of IT in our society.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.114-128
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• 2013

Rapid industrialization and economic growth have led to serious problems including reduced open space, environmental degradation, traffic congestion, and urban sprawl. These problems have been exacerbated by the absence of effective conservation and governance, and have resulted in various social conflicts. In response to these challenges, many scholar and government hope to achieve sustainable development through the establishment and management of environment-friendly planning. For this purpose, we would like to analyze functional change for ecosystem by future land-use/cover changes in South Korea. Toward this goal, we predicted land-use/cover changes from 2010 to 2060 using the future population of Statistics Korea and urban growth probability map created by logistic regression analysis and analyzed ecosystem service value using costanza's coefficient. In the case of scenario 1, ecosystem service value represented 6,783~7,092 million USD. In the case of scenario 2, ecosystem represented 6,775~7,089 million USD, 2.9~7.6 million USD decreased compared by scenario 1. This was the result of area reduction for farmland and wetland which have high environmental value relatively according to urban growth by development point of view. The results of this analysis indicate that environmentally sustainable systems and urban development must be applied to achieve sustainable development and environmental protection. Quantitative analysis of environmental values in accordance with environmental policy can help inform the decisions of policy makers and urban developers. Furthermore, forecasting urban growth based on future demand will provide more precise predictive analysis.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.289-309
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• 2013

Social enterprise has moved from periphery to take center stage. Social enterprises are a truly global phenomenon and associated with solving social problems with business approaches. While the numbers of social enterprises have grown and their impact is likely to continue to do so, it would be dangerous to assume that the revolutionary momentum will automatically continue, because social enterprise faced sustainability challenges. This study collected the data from directory of Korean Social Enterprise to conduct a quantitative research on the growth of social enterprise in South Korea. This study conducted longitudinal analysis of 491 social enterprise certified between 2007 and 2010, of economic performance with financial index and social impact with employment structure. Though global financial crisis, Korean social enterprises show that there is a considerable increase in all of quantitative and qualitative aspects. Korean social enterprises have provided meaningful work to those normally excluded from the labour market and tried to raise their life of working. In the future, Korean social enterprises should find a way to balance social and financial performance and ensure the sustainability of the business.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.51-78
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• 2021

Followed by 'start-up', the theme of 'scale-up' has been considered as an important agenda in both corporate and policy spheres. In particular, although it is a term commonly used in industry and policy fields, even a conceptual definition has not been achieved from the academic perspective. "Corporate Growth" in the academic aspect and "Business Growth" in the practical management field have different understandings (Achtenhagen et al., 2010). Previous research on corporate growth has not departed from Penrose(1959)'s "Firm as a bundle of resources" and "the role of managers". Based on the theory and background of economics, existing research has mainly examined factors that contribute to firms' growth and their growth patterns. Comparatively, we lack knowledge on the firms' growth with a focus on 'annual revenue growth rate'. In the early stage of the firms, they tend to exhibit a high growth rate as it started with a lower level of annual revenue. However, when the firms reach annual revenue of more than 100 billion KRW, a threshold to be classified as a 'middle-standing enterprise' by Korean standards, they are unlikely to reach a high level of revenue growth rate. In our study, we used our sample of 333 companies (6.7% out of 5,000 'fastest-growing' companies) which reached 15% of the compound annual growth rate in the last three years with more than USD 100 million. It shows that sustaining 'high-growth' above a certain firm size is difficult. The study focuses on firms with annual revenue of more than $100 billion (approximately 120 billion KRW) from the 'Inc. 2020 fast-growing companies 5,000' list. The companies have been categorized into 1) Fast-growing companies (revenue CAGR 15%~40% between 2016 and 2019), 2) Hyper-growing companies (40%~99.9%), and 3) Super-growing (100% or more) with in-depth analysis of each group's characteristics. Also, the relationship between the revenue growth rate, individual company's strategy choice (market orientation, generic strategy, growth strategy, pioneer strategy), industry/market environment, and firm age is investigated with a quantitative approach. Through conducting the study, it aims to provide a reference to the 'Hyper-Growing Model' that combines the paths and factors of growth strategies. For policymakers, our study intends to provide a reference to which factors or environmental variables should be considered for 'optimal effective combinations' to promote firms' growth.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Developmental Biology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.94-94
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• 2003

Rotavirus는 유아나 어린아이들에게 가장 일반적으로 나타나는 심한 위장염의 원인자이며 설사로 인한 심한 탈수 증세를 일으켜 급속히 성장하는 유아의 균형적인 영양 공급을 방해함으로써 유아들의 발육과 성장 그리고 심하면 생명에 커다란 영향을 미치게 된다. 한편 모유로 키운 유아들은 설사병의 낮은 발병율과 연관이 있었다. 특히 모유의 뮤신 복합체는 rotavirus에 특이적으로 결합하여 항 바이러스활동을 보여주는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 배경에서 본 연구는 human breast tissue로부터 lactadherin의 cloning 및 sequence 분석을 통하여 유전자의 다양성을 조사하기로 하였다. 한국 여성 9명의 유두 근처 조직에서 lactadherin을 cloning하여 그 sequence를 보고 된 서양여성의 염기서열과 비교 분석결과 여러 곳에서 single nucleotide variation이 발견되었고 본 연구에서 클론한 lactadherin(31bp-1518bp)의 염기서열과 보고된 서양여성 lactadherin gene의 SNP와 비교하였을 때 8개의 SNP중 3부분만이 일치한다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 같은 조직중 정상 조직과 암 조직 부분에서 각각 lactadherin을 클론하여 염기서열을 비교 분석하였는데 정상 조직에서 2곳의 silent mutation있었고 암조직에서 2곳의 mutation과 1곳의 silent mutation을 발견하였으며 전체 적으로 정상조직과 암 조직 부분에서 lactadherin을 clone하여 염기서열을 분석해본 결과 암조직일수록 유전자의 변이 비율이 높다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 동일한 염기서열 상에서 많은 변이가 일어났는데 286dp(A->C), 1418dp(G->C)은 mutation이었고 327dp (A->G), 454(C->T)은 silent mutation이었다. 그 외 DNA상에서 여러 부근에 변이가 존재하였는데 이 결과로 보아 coding region에 위치한 cSNP 중 amino acid 변화를 일으켜 protein structure 또는 function에 영향을 줄 수 있는 non-synonymous cSNP 일 것으로 예상되어지며 natural selection의 영향을 받고 있음을 암시하고 있다. 본 연구에서 관찰되어진 각각의 염기 서열의 변이는 한국 사람이 가지는 lactadherin gene의 cSNP의 일부라고 판단하였다.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2015

The meaning and development direction of storytelling of web game will be discussed in this study. The digital culture industry is getting grow more and more by technology innovation. But web game storytelling attracts attention less than technology development. So assuming that the future of game industry is depend on web game based on cloud environment, how much important the storytelling is for growth of web game will be studied. Taking 'Embracing Three Kingdom' as success case, which is representative web game in this country, the direction of web game storytelling will be suggested by analyzing 'Romance of the Three Kingdoms', which is back ground story of it, met web game and what complementary relationship made with it.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.450-454
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• 2003

Most small and medium IT enterprises have problems because of the lack of resources, Technology, fund, marketing, advertisement etc. Globalization and Internationalization make the small and medium IT ventures to advance into the overseas market. In korea, Small and medium size IT company have a excellent technology and good potential for the future value. but they have small domestic market and critical competitiveness. So, this paper analysis, reviewed and suggestions to Internationalization.