• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.538-544
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• 2021

Technology readiness assessment is a procedure for managing defense project risk factors based on the preemptive identification of technical risks. Under current regulations, technology readiness is determined based on considerations of the ratings of factors itemized on a checklist, whether unsatisfied factors have a fatal impact on the project, and whether countermeasures for unsatisfied factors have been established. However, objective criteria for assessing the impact of unsatisfied factors have not been presented, and thus, at present, the results of technology readiness level determinations are largely subjective. In addition, the importance of questions on the checklist is dependent on individual project characteristics and this is not considered during the assessment process. In this paper, we propose an improved technology readiness assessment procedure that considers the characteristics of each project. Using the proposed procedure, we quantitatively determined the importance of each checklist item using a weighting method. We found the devised procedure improved the reliability and objectivity of technology readiness assessment results. A case analysis of a complex weapons system is presented to demonstrate these improvements.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.825-836
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• 2022

Micropiles can be used to support additional load in extended building structures. However, their use brings about a risk of exceeding the bearing capacity of existing piles. In this study, pre-compression was applied to distribute the load of an existing building to micropiles, and an indoor loading test was performed to confirm the structural applicability of a wedge-type anchorage device designed to improve its capacity. According to the test results, the maximum strain of the anchorage device was 0.63 times that of the yield strain, and the amount of slip generated at the time of anchorage was 0.11 mm, satisfying structural standards. In addition, using MIDAS GTS, a geotechnical finite element analysis software, the effect of the size of the pre-compression, the thickness of the soil layer, and the ground conditions around the tip on the reaction force of the existing piles and micropiles were analyzed. From the numerical analysis, as the size of the pre-compression load increased, the reaction force of the existing pile decreased, resulting in a reduction rate of up to 36 %. In addition, as the soil layer increased by 5 m, the reduction rate decreased by 4 %, and when the ground condition at the tip of the micropile was weathered rock, the reduction rate increased by 14 % compared with that of weathered soil.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.38 no.12
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• pp.67-78
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• 2022

In this study, the measurement results of the coastal deep soft ground buried in the upper part of the dredged clay were analyzed and compared with the current specification standards. Based on the results, a suitable proposal was suggested for the selection, installation, data arrangement, and analysis of each instrument used in the deep soft ground improvement construction. The pore water pressure meter has a range of 1.5 times or more of the expected measurement range, considering the field conditions of the soft ground. The groundwater level meter installed in the horizontal drainage layer checks the change in the groundwater level during the embanking as well as the performance of the catchment well and the horizontal drainage layer. Therefore, it is important to manage so that the groundwater level exists inside the horizontal drainage layer during embanking. It is enough to install the inclinometer in the gravel layer below the soft ground or weathered rock with an N value of 40 or more for the deep soft ground. It seems desirable to install a screw type for differential settlement meter. However, the screw type should not settle due to its own weight. Considering that it is a dredged landfill where subsidence occurs significantly, it is sufficient to manage the tolerance of leveling at about 10 mm (L is the one-way distance (km)).

• Resources Recycling
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.40-52
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• 2022

This study analyzed the amount of carbon dioxide reduction and economic benefits of detailed processes of CO₂ 6,000 tons plant facilities with mineral carbonation technology using carbon dioxide and coal materials emitted from domestic circulating fluidized bed combustion power plants. Coal ash reacted with carbon dioxide through carbon mineralization facilities is produced as a complex carbonate and used as a construction material, accompanied by a greenhouse gas reduction. In addition, it is possible to generate profits from the sales of complex carbonates and carbon credits produced in the process. The actual carbon dioxide reduction per ton of complex carbonate production was calculated as 45.8 kgCO₂eq, and the annual carbon dioxide reduction was calculated as 805.3 tonCO₂, and the benefit-cost ratio (B/C Ratio) is 1.04, the internal rate return (IRR) is 10.65 % and the net present value (NPV) is KRW 24,713,465 won, which is considered economical. Carbon mineralization technology is one of the best solutions to reduce carbon dioxide considering future carbon dioxide reduction and economic potential.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.679-688
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated the applicability of a termiticide based on metofluthrin for termite control on traditional wooden buildings. To evaluate their mortality, termites were exposed to the agent, diluted to various concentrations, for seven days; it was found that it had a sufficient insecticidal effect although there was a difference depending on the degree of agent dilution. Next, the effect on Dancheong, used in traditional wooden structures, was measured based on the color change according to the number of agent treatments. The results showed that only the color difference value of two pigments (i.e., Bun and Juhong) was measured as 3.0 or higher. However, there this varied according to the dilution ratio. Thus, it was found that most pigments had little effect on the color of Dancheong. Finally, the termiticidal efficacy of the agent when applied to wood was evaluated. We found that the specimens coated with 10-fold and 20-fold dilutions exhibited 2.83 and 6.28% mass loss, respectively. The 10-fold dilution satisfied the performance of termiticide as a mass loss of less than 3%. In conclusion, the metofluthrin-based agent used in this study has little effect on various Dancheong pigments and has a termiticidal effect against termites; it is therefore suggested that it may be used in preserving traditional wooden cultural properties in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.9-16
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose a plan to design and utilize the RDBS(Record Block Data file management System) so that data can be recovered when data files in the Combat Management System are mismatched. The CMS(Combat Management System) manages the same files in multiple IPN(Infomation Processing Node) repositories to support multiplexing. However, mismatches in data files can occur due to equipment maintenance or user immaturity. The existing CMS does not manage the history of changes in data files, and when a mismatch occurs, data file were synchronized based on the latest date. But, It is difficult to say that files with the latest date have the highest reliability, and once the file synchronization has progressed, it cannot be recovered with pre-synchronization data. To solve this problem, data was stored and synchronized in units of record blocks using RDBS proposed in this paper, and the Rsync algorithm was used to reduce the overhead of file synchronization due to units of record blocks. SW applied with RDBS was tested for performance in a simulated environment, and it was confirmed that it could be applied to CMS through normal operation confirmation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.49-59
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• 2022

In this paper, we designed a new enzyme function prediction model PSCREM based on a study that compared and evaluated CNN and LSTM/GRU models, which are the most widely used deep learning models in the field of predicting functions and structures using protein sequences in 2020, under the same conditions. Sequence evolution information was used to preserve detailed patterns which would miss in CNN convolution, and the relationship information between amino acids with functional significance was extracted through overlapping RNNs. It was referenced to feature map production. The RNN family of algorithms used in small CNN-RNN models are LSTM algorithms and GRU algorithms, which are usually stacked two to three times over 100 units, but in this paper, small RNNs consisting of 10 and 20 units are overlapped. The model used the PSSM profile, which is transformed from protein sequence data. The experiment proved 86.4% the performance for the problem of predicting the main classes of enzyme number, and it was confirmed that the performance was 84.4% accurate up to the sub-sub classes of enzyme number. Thus, PSCREM better identifies unique patterns related to protein function through overlapped RNN, and Overlapped RNN is proposed as a novel methodology for protein function and structure prediction extraction.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.409-415
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• 2022

The length of the acceleration lane in the area of entrance terminals is calculated based on 13 PS/ton horsepower of a cargo truck in Korea, so it is generally overestimated compared with the capacity of most vehicles traveling on an entrance ramp. Most drivers have, therefore, an indiscreet tendency to enter the main lane in all sections of an acceleration lane, which affects the traffic flow of the main lane. Because of this tendency, measures are required to minimize the impact on traffic flow of the main lane. The operating speed, rate of entrance, and traffic volume for each vehicle were investigated at the entrance terminals of the interchanges (ICs) of Yangji IC, Suseok IC, Yongin IC, and Osan IC, and the level of improvement in traffic flow was analyzed via VISSIM simulation. From the VISSIM simulation analysis, 74.0 % of the total vehicles traveled over the specified speed from the nose point where drivers would be able to recognize the traffic condition of the main carriageway, or the point at which there is a simplification of the curve section. In addition, 88.6 % of the vehicles entered the main carriageway up to 0.8 points compared with the entire length of the acceleration lane. It was subsequently found that an improvement of average speed in the main carriageway and at the entrance ramp can be achieved from 60.1 km/h to 68.5 km/h by intentionally limiting the entrance point onto the main carriageway up to 0.265 points of the entrance ramp.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2023

A convolutional neural network (CNN) is a representative algorithm for implementing artificial neural networks. CNNs have improved on the issues of rapid increase in calculation amount and low object classification rates, which are associated with a conventional multi-layered fully-connected neural network (FNN). However, because of the rapid development of IT devices, the maximum resolution of images captured by current smartphone and tablet cameras has reached 108 million pixels (MP). Specifically, a traditional CNN algorithm requires a significant cost and time to learn and process simple, high-resolution images. Therefore, this study proposes an improved CNN algorithm for implementing an object classification learning model for simple, high-resolution images. The proposed method alters the adjacency matrix value of the pooling layer's max pooling operation for the CNN algorithm to reduce the high-resolution image learning model's creation time. This study implemented a learning model capable of processing 4, 8, and 12 MP high-resolution images for each altered matrix value. The performance evaluation result showed that the creation time of the learning model implemented with the proposed algorithm decreased by 36.26% for 12 MP images. Compared to the conventional model, the proposed learning model's object recognition accuracy and loss rate were less than 1%, which is within the acceptable error range. Practical verification is necessary through future studies by implementing a learning model with more varied image types and a larger amount of image data than those used in this study.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.274-284
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• 2022

To use kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) as a fiber and livestock feed, a high-yielding variety needs to be identified. For this, accurate phenotyping of plant height is required for this breeding purpose due to the strong relationship between plant height and yield. Plant height can be estimated using RGB images from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV-RGB) and photogrammetry based on Structure from Motion (SfM) algorithms. In kenaf, accurate measurement of height is limited because kenaf stems have high flexibility and its height is easily affected by wind, growing up to 3 ~ 4 m. Therefore, we aimed to identify a method suitable for the accurate estimation of plant height of kenaf and investigate the feasibility of using the UAV-RGB-derived plant height map. Height estimation derived from UAV-RGB was improved using multi-point calibration against the five different wooden structures with known heights (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 cm). Using the proposed method, we analyzed the variation in temporal height of 23 kenaf cultivars. Our results demontrated that the actual and estimated heights were reliably comparable with the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.80 and a slope of 0.94. This method enabled the effective identification of cultivars with significantly different heights at each growth stages.