• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.159-184
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• 2021

The significance of the enactment of the 「Act On The Safety Of And Support For Advanced Regenerative Medicine And Advanced Biological Products」 is to break away from the regulation of the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act and expand patient treatment opportunities through a medical technology approach to regenerative medicine, which is essentially a medical practice called 'transplantation'. However, more than a year after the law was enacted, clinical study has not been activated, with not a single high-risk study approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety being approved. The reason is that despite the legal purpose of expanding patient treatment opportunities, the data requirements for clinical study approval are set in connection with drug development despite the insufficient legal basis, making it difficult for many researchers to meet the data requirements. Prior to the enactment of the Act, submitted data for clinical study on cell therapy products within the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act were cosiderably exempted from quality and non-clinical test data, but with the enforcement of the Advanced Regenerative Bio Act, quality and non-clinical test data are required in accordance with pharmaceuticals when applying for approval of a clinical study plan. To rectify this, when considering the identity of clinical study on advanced regenerative medicine to expand treatment opportunities, recognize that there are limitations in connection with drug development. And it is necessary to preserve the identity of clinical study on advanced regenerative medicine, and on the other hand, in the case of drug product approval, clinical study results should be utilized while specifying usage requirements. Therefore, with the power of the market and the voluntary motive of the clinical researcher, it is necessary to prepare the necessary data by themselves rather than the basic requirements for clinical study approval.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.91-102
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze musical songs from an academic perspective by applying vocal techniques that can express songs in depth in three dimensions. Singing a musical song cannot be completed with just the musical part, rather, it should be accompanied by the analysis of various aspects such as the emotional state of the scenes and the characters. To this end, this study performed a multi-dimensional analysis of fields such as theatrical structure, lyrics, musical structure, and dynamics. In addition, the study explored and applied Estill Voice Training(EVT) that actors can best express songs with the emotions of the theater and music. EVT categorizes voice into six tones: speech, sob/cry, falsetto, twang, opera, and belting. In this study, in addition to these six sounds, the positions of vocal cords and larynx were also applied to seek ways to effectively express songs using "Gar Nichts" from the musical "Elisabeth" as a case study. "Gar Nichts" is a song sung by the protagonist Elisabeth, which expresses the self and the conflict at the peak of pain. Musically, this song requires various sound and voice-changing techniques to cover the range of "G#3-Gb5." As a result, it was confirmed that in order to embody the emotions of the characters and the songs in depth, the analysis of scenes and characters as well as various singing techniques need to be applied in harmony.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.16-24
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• 2023

Coal ash generated from thermal power plants using briquettes contains Si, Al, and Fe components. These components are the main components required for the manufacture of cement clinker. In particular, Al and Fe components form the interstitial phase of cement clinker and have an important effect on the sintering of cement clinker. In this study, a large amount of coal ash was applied as a raw material for cement clinker by content, and the mineral formation process of cement clinker to which coal ash was applied was confirmed by sintering temperature. It was confirmed that the intermediate phase was generated in the sintering temperature range of 1050 ~ 1150 ℃ in the cement clinker to which a large amount of coal ash was applied. As the content of coal ash increased, the production amount of the intermediate phase increased. The phase produced by the addition of coal ash is expected to be converted to calcium silicate phase and interstitial phase and disappear above 1350 ℃. The cement clinker applied with a large amount of coal ash at 1450 ℃ formed well-developed minerals equivalent to the standard cement clinker.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.5B
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• pp.563-572
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• 2006

In designing the coastal structures, the accurate estimation of wave forces on them is very important. Recently, the empirical formulae such as Goda formula are widely used to estimate wave forces, as well as 2-D hydraulic and numerical model tests. But, sometimes, these estimation methods mentioned above seem to be unreasonable to predict 3-D structure of wave pressure on the coastal structures with 3-D plane arrangement in the real coastal area. Especially, in case of consideration of phase difference at harbor and seaward sides of the large-sized coastal structures like a composite breakwater, it is easily expected that the real wave pressures on each section of coastal structure have 3-D distribution. A new numerical model of 3-D Large Eddy Simulation, which is applicable to permeable structure, is developed to clarify the 3-D structure of wave pressures acting on coastal structure. The calculated wave forces on 3-D structure installed on the submerged breakwater show in good agreement with the measured values. In this study, the composite breakwater is adopted as a representative structure among the large-sized coastal structures and the 3-D structure of wave pressures on it is discussed in relation to the phase difference at harbor and seaward sides of it due to wave diffraction and transmitted wave through rubble mound.

• Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.190-208
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• 2018

Objectives To initiate and develop a treatment guideline in multidisciplinary approaches for related professions who are either working and/or living with children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders who show behavioral problems. Methods To collect and reflect opinions from multiple professions who assumedly have different interventions or mediations on behavioral problems, a self-report survey and Focus Group Interview (FGI) were conducted for a group of child and adolescent psychiatrists, behavioral therapists, special education teachers, social welfare workers, and caregivers. Results According to a self-report survey and FGI results from multiple professional groups, aggressive behavior is the mostly common behavioral problem necessitating urgent interventions. However, both mainly used intervention strategies and effective treatment methods were different depending on professional backgrounds, such as pharmacological treatment, parent training, and behavior therapy, even though they shared an importance of improving communication skills. In addition, there was a common understanding of necessity to include parent training in a guideline. Lastly the data suggested lack of proper treatment facilities, qualified behavior therapists, and lack of standardized treatment guideline in the field needed to be improved for a quality of current therapeutic services. Conclusion It is supported that several subjects should be included in the guidelines, such as how to deal with aggressive behavior, parent training, and biological aspects of neurodevelopmental disorders. Also, it is expected that publishing the guideline would be helpful to above multiple professions as it is investigated that there are lack of treatment facility and qualified behavioral therapists compared to need at the moment.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.31-38
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• 2023

In this study, runoff characteristics analysis was conducted as a basic research to establish a forecasting and warning system for flood risk areas in small mountainous basins in South Korea. The Danyang 1 Bridge basin located in Danyang-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do was selected as the study basin, and the watershed characteristic factors were calculated using Q-GIS based on the digital elevation model (DEM) of the basin. In addition, nine heavy rainfall events were selected from 2020 to 2023 using hydrometeorological data provided by the National Water Resources Management Comprehensive Information System. HEC-HMS rainfall-runoff model was used to analyze the runoff characteristics of small mountainous basins, and rainfall-runoff model simulation was performed by reflecting 9 heavy rainfall events and calculated basin characteristic factors. Based on the rainfall-runoff model, parameter optimization was performed for six heavy rain events with large error rates among the simulated events, and the appropriate parameter range for the Danyang 1 Bridge basin, a small mountainous basin, was calculated to be 0.8 to 3.4. The results of this study will be utilized as foundational data for establishing flood forecasting and warning systems in small mountainous basin, and further research will be conducted to derive the range of parameters according to basin characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

In Korea, mountainous areas cover 60% of the land, leading to increased factors such as concentrated heavy rainfall and typhoons, which can result in debris flow and landslide. Despite the high risk of disasters like landslides and debris flow, there has been a tendency in most regions to focus more on post-damage recovery rather than preventing damage. Therefore, in this study, precise topographic data was constructed by conducting on-site surveys and drone measurements in areas where debris flow actually occurred, to analyze the risk zones for such events. The numerical analysis program RAMMS model was utilized to perform debris flow analysis on the areas prone to debris flow, and the actual distribution of debris flow was compared and analyzed to evaluate the applicability of the model. As a result, the debris flow generation area calculated by the RAMMS model was found to be 18% larger than the actual area, and the travel distance was estimated to be 10% smaller. However, the simulated shape of debris flow generation and the path of movement calculated by the model closely resembled the actual data. In the future, we aim to conduct additional research, including model verification suitable for domestic conditions and the selection of areas for damage prediction through debris flow analysis in unmeasured watersheds.

• CONCEPT AND COMMUNICATION
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• no.23
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• pp.105-140
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• 2019

The received understanding that civilization was more or less synonymous with the achievements of the modern Western world showed signs of faltering during the 1920s. The ravages of World War I had prompted many to doubt the significance of historical progress towards civilization, and demanded a reconsideration of human nature and a reappraisal of what constitutes true civilization. The increasing pressure for social reforms and the burgeoning cultural movement led to the concept of 'culture' emerging as the core of the civilization discourse. The conceptual interconnections and semantic changes of the terms 'civilization' and 'culture' during this period provide an interesting and significant subject for historical semantics. Gaebyeok, the bulletin of Cheondogyo, is very useful in this context: it offers a variety of discourses by different individuals who had examined modern Western civilization and were seeking new directions for modernity. The various combinations of historical conception, subjects and objects of discourse, and methodologies allow recognition of the relations between the subjects of speech and conceptual performance. In particular, this analysis emphasizes the semantic intersection of two conceptual frames: material-civilization vs. mental-culture. The boundary between these was still vaguely defined in the 1920s, and the frame of universal civilization and particular cultures gradually crystallized during this period. As the authority of universal civilization waned, the unique history and culture of each nation could emerge. A succession of books appeared on various themes, describing the distinctive traits of Joseon history and culture. Now that civilization was no longer seen as universal, the specific characteristics of Joseon culture were concomitantly more evident, and Joseon's national identity and singular cultural were perceived by contrast with those of other places. Writing about cultural history was more than the rectification of distortions imposed by Japan upon Joseon history: it was also a positive project on the part of the subject against colonialism. The reinvention of Joseon's national culture, which was founded on a moral and ethical perspective, reflected the subject's aspiration for recovery, which had been repressed by material civilization.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.41-50
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• 2024

Various alternative fuels are used together with bituminous coal in the cement clinker burning process. Alternative fuels such as synthetic resins can affect the clinker properties and can change the final cement properties. In this study, PP, PE, PS, and PVC were burned to analyze the effect on the clinker properties. The calorific value of PP and etc., was 9,000 to 11,000 kcal/kg, but PVC was about 6,000 kcal/kg. In addition, the pyrolysis process of PVC proceeded in two stages, and the start/end temperatures of pyrolysis were 169℃ and 573℃. The free-CaO content of the resin combustion clinker was about 0.2±0.06%, but the PVC combustion clinker showed a very high value of 7.11%. The chlorine content of the PVC combustion clinker was very high at 3.77%, and it was confirmed by XRD analysis that chlormayenite were formed as clinker crystal. However, the clinker burned with PP and etc., exhibited similar physical properties to Ref. clinker (Resin non-combustion). So, it was confirmed that it could be sufficiently used as a alternative fuel for clinker.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.59-80
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• 2024

This study examined various industrial location regulation policies applied to the metropolitan 'nature preservation region' and analyzed the impact of regulations in each region on the creation of planned industrial locations (via binary logistic analysis). Secondly, the characteristics of industrial location distribution by region were analyzed (via multiple regression analysis). As a result of the analysis, the probability of a factory being located in an industrial complex was 74.9% lower in the 'nature preservation region' than in the 'growth management region', and 90.5% lower in the 'special measures area (zone II)' than in areas outside the 'special measures area'. The industrial location in the 'nature preservation region' shows a stronger pattern than other regions, in terms of the individual location of medium-sized enterprises and type 4 and 5 small-scale wastewater discharge facilities in non-urban areas. In fact, the nature preservation region has been maintained for 40 years to preserve water quality and the environment. An abnormal industrial structure was formed with a ratio of factories outside the industrial complex, reaching 98.5% in 2020. This study is significant as it analyzed the characteristics of planned locations in depth, using 30,393 factories in Gyeonggi Province. Lastly, to effectively manage the environment for water quality within the 'nature preservation 'region and secure industrial competitiveness, we must urgently establish a policy to expand industrial complexes that treat wastewater while suppressing the proliferation of small-scale factories.