• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.311-322
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the physical and psychological-emotional status according to type of personality of female college student smokers and to provide baseline data for smoking cessation education programs for women. Method: The data were collected from May to June. 2002. The subjects were 119 female students who smoked. The data were analyzed using SPSS/PC. Results : The results are as follows 1. There were 91 (76.5%) A type and 28 (23.5%) B Type personality types, indicating that female student smokers were more frequently type A rather than type B. 2. Perceived health status by personality type indicated that those with type B ($27.71{\pm}4.67$) perceived higher health status than those with type A ($26.53{\pm}4.60$) but the result was not statistically significant (p = 237). 3. Perceived stress by personality type indicated that those with type B ($83.71{\pm}13.13$) perceived more stress than those with type A ($70.52{\pm}12.35$). 4. Differences between depression by personality type indicated that those with type B ($47.21{\pm}8.53$) perceived more stress than those with type A ($45.42{\pm}7.32$) but this was not statistically significant (p = .277). 5. There were significant negative correlations between perceived health status and stress (r=-0.300. p<0.004), depression and perceived health status (r=-.456. p<0.000). There was significant positive correlation between stress and depression (r= .700, p<0.000). 6. There was no significant difference between perceived health status, stress, or depression according to general characteristics. Conclusion: According to the results, researchers should continually identify women's smoking behavior included various physical and psychological variables related to women's health. In addition, programs for improving physical and psychological health should be designed and operated to decrease the perception of stress and to increase the perception of health motivation for women smokers.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.87-107
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• 2021

The purpose of this research was to explore the phenomenon of object relations with musical instruments as experienced by professional Samulnori musicians. The researcher conducted in-depth individual interviews with five Samulnori players who also completed questionnaires with open-ended questions. The data were analyzed using Giorgi(2004)'s phenomenological methodology. The results offered 121 semantic units, seven subcategories, and three main categories. The three main categories were transitional object, object of expression and recognition of internal desires, and object for recognition of others and communication. These results suggest that the ensemble format of Samulnori promotes the development of the musician's object relationship and can externalize the player's internalized representational system and interaction method. This study is significant in that it reveals the endopsychic functional relationship between a musician and their instrument and provides the basis for the use of Samulnori instruments in music therapy.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.215-223
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• 2019

The recent trend of cyber attack threat is mainly APT (Advanced Persistent Threat) attack. This attack is a combination of hacking techniques to try to steal important information assets of a corporation or individual, and social engineering hacking techniques aimed at human psychological factors. Spear phishing attacks, one of the most commonly used APT hacking techniques, are known to be easy to use and powerful hacking techniques, with more than 90% of the attacks being a key component of APT hacking attacks. The existing research for cyber security threat defense is mainly focused on the technical and policy aspects. However, in order to preemptively respond to intelligent hacking attacks, it is necessary to study different aspects from the viewpoint of social engineering. In this study, we analyze the correlation between human personality type (DISC) and cyber security threats, focusing on spear phishing attacks, and present countermeasures against security threats from a new perspective breaking existing frameworks.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.391-405
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to discover unique personality traits which the children of 5 social status types using 10 clinical scales of Korea Children's personality test (KCPI-S) in order to define the characteristics of 5 social status types developed as the Korean type. For this purpose, two hypotheses were set and tested. The subjects of this study were 502 children who were 4, 5th and 6th grade elementary school boys and girls in A city. 5 social status types and gender of children were set as the independent variables each, and 10 clinical scales of Korea Children's personality test as the dependent variables. The research hypotheses were analyzed in turn by the multivariate analysis (MANOVA) and t-test. The results are as follows: First, the results of analyzing differences in 10 clinical scales in accordance with 5 social status types how the significant differences in all 9 clinical scales except for language development scale, and ${\eta}^2$ representing the explanatory power of the independent variables to dependent variables was found to be in the range of the lowest at 2% up to 10% for each scale. Second, the results of analysis of the gender difference show that in the case of the children with controversial and neglected children, the significant difference was appeared between boys and girls in 8-9 scales among the 10 clinical scales, but in the case of rest 3 social status types (average, popular, rejected children) the difference was appeared between boys and girls only in 2-3 scales. Depending on these results it seems that each of 5 social status types of the children has its own unique personality structure. It is necessary to attend to the fact that in the case of the children with controversial and neglected children, the average value of boys are significantly higher than that of the girls. There is a big possibility that the boys have more psychological problems that the girls. It is judged that in case of these two types the personal traits applying gender should be interpreted. Therefore, the follow-up study should conduct the exploratory research on the structure of the relationship between children's language development and sociality measure. Further, it is necessary to conduct the psychological comparison between genders in the children with controversial and neglected children, and to study the structure of their relationship with rest social status types by genders.

• Korean Journal of Health Psychology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.277-292
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• 2009

This study investigated the responses of the autonomic nervous system of individuals with Type D personality during an acute stressful situation. Twenty-three female students of Type D personality and 23 female students with non-Type D personality. Stroop Color-Word Task was used to induce a stressful situation, heart rate variability (HRV) was used to measure the responses of the autonomic nervous system during the baseline, acute stress, recovery periods. To analyze the data, the repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the autonomic nervous system of the Type D group to that of the non-Type D group. Regression analysis is used to determine if the Type D scale and stress vulnerability predicted the activities of the autonomic nervous system during the baseline period. The results of this study demonstrated that the Type D group's normalized low frequency (LF norm) and ratio of low frequency to high frequency (LF/HF ratio) were higher than those for the non-Type D group, while its normalized high frequency (HF norm) was lower than that for the non-Type D group in all three periods. There were no statistically significant differences among the three periods in terms of LF norm, HF norm, and LF/HF ratio in the Type D group. The study demonstrated that the total scores of the Type DS-14 and scores of social inhibition and negative affect were independent predictors of LF norm and HF norm during the baseline. The Type D group showed increased activation of the sympathetic nervous system and/or decreased activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. These results support the hypothesis that the Type D personality is vulnerable to the stress. Also, the highly activated sympathetic and/or lowly activated parasympathetic nervous systems, which were observed in the Type D group during the baseline, indicated that the Type D individual is susceptible to psychosomatic disorders.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.505-532
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among the growth period wounds, inferiority complex and personality disorder of teenaged students, which affected their mental health. The subjects in this study were 2,110 secondary students. After a survey was conducted, the collected data were analyzed. Whether there would be any differences among the adolescents in those factors were analyzed, and multiple regression analysis and path analysis were carried out. As a result, there were relatively more significant problems with the growth period wounds, inferiority complex, personality disorder and mental health of the students who were girls, who were high schoolers, whose household economy was more vulnerable and whose academic standing was lower. The growth period wound that exerted the largest significant influence on inferiority complex was happiness, followed by wound of security and wound of recognition, and the growth period wound that had the greatest significant impact on personality disorder was happiness, followed by wound of security, wound of confidence, wound of love and wound of equity. The growth period wound that exercised the biggest influence on mental health was happiness, followed by wound of security, wound of confidence, wound of love and wound of equity. As for the influence of the variables related to mental health, the indirect effects of the growth period wounds through personality disorder and inferiority complex were greater than their direct effects. The findings of the study suggest that growth period wounds are likely to lead to inferiority complex and personality disorder and ultimately to the injury of mental health, and indicate the importance of healthy family environments and of educational environments in the growth period.and mental health was analyzed, there was a statistically significant positive(+) correlation among all the variables. Third, the wound factors related to happiness and stability were identified as the factors that affected inferiority complex among the growth period wound factors. Personality disorder was found to be under the influence of the wound factors related to happiness, stability, love, confidence and a sense of equality in the growth period, and mental health was found to be affected by the wound factors related to happiness, stability, confidence, love and a sense of equality. Fourth, the growth period wounds had a direct impact on mental health, and inferiority complex played a significant mediating role at that time. Every subfactor of personality disorder also produced significant mediating effects except the wound factor of pride. The above-mentioned findings suggest that every possible effort should be made to let secondary students get hurt less to promote their mental health and resolve their mental health problems, and that professional counseling intervention and institutional assistance are required to help them to remove their inferiority complex and personality disorder.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.440-450
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• 2010

This study was an analysis of sport psychological application for the kinesthetic gifted children's selection and upbringing in Pusan University's center for kinesthetic gifted children from 2009.7 to 2010.2. The 60(athletics: 40, swimming: 10, gymnastics: 10) of kinesthetic gifted children were selected among the first, second and third year students from Pusan, Ulsan and Kyungsang-namdo without distinction of sex. We progressed summer and winter camp during vacation, and managed a special training program according to exercise items on every Saturday. We attempted experimental a field application, and obtained the following implications. First, the first and second year students were possible to test psychological measurement with supplementary explanation, and in the case of third grade, it was enough possible without any supplementary explanation. Second, multi-intelligence test was efficient as the method to check kinesthetic gifted children's intelligence and useful as the basic data for counseling. Third, the character types of kinesthetic gifted children were appeared preferring outgoing, intuition and emotions. Forth, with the FAIR concentration, we confirmed that the center's program effected positively on improving concentration. Fifth, we found the potential that the physical task commitment questionnaire and the exercise activity self-administer questionnair would be used as official psychological measurement tool after the review process of additional validity and reliability.

• The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.97-113
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• 2011

The current study was conducted to explore the relations among college students' narcissistic personality, depression, and psychopathy. This study investigated how narcissistic personality and depression variables relate to psychopathy variables. For this purpose, an assessment battery consisting of Narcissistic Personality Inventory(NPI), Narcissistic Personality Disorder Scale: NPDS), BDI, Self-Reported Psychopathy Scale(SRPS), and Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised. PPI-R was administered to 1003 college students (501 males and 502 females). For comparison with the levels of pathological narcissism, the participants were devided two groups( above 33%, below 33% ) based on their scores of the NPDS, According to the results, males had more overt narcissistic personality, and females felt more depressive and psychopathic. The higher level group on the NPDS had higher scores on the NPI, BDI, SRPS and PPI-R. The students' narcissistic personality had relations to depression and psychopathy, but the results were different according to the kind of inventories(PPI-R or SRPS, NPI or NPDS). The implications and limitations of this study, as well as some suggestions for future research, were suggested.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.497-536
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• 2023

This study was conducted with the purpose of exploring the relationship dynamics of couples who experienced dating violence. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with 15 couples who experienced dating violence. The collected data was analyzed using the consensual qualitative research(CQR) method. As a result, 3 domains, 13 categories, and 30 subcategories were derived. Domain 1 was about "the direction of the dynamics of perpetration and victimization, types of violence, and experience level," and found that the dynamics of perpetration and victimization are bidirectional, and that there are situational and controlling types of violence. For domain 2, we explored "major conflict themes, unique perceptions, and psychological dynamics of violence" and identified "other and communication issues" and "interference and personality issues" as major conflict themes, "gender stereotypes" and "violence permissive beliefs" as unique perceptions, and "attribution styles," "major emotions," and "coping styles" as psychological dynamics of violence. For domain 3, we looked into the 'changes in commitment and satisfaction as well as relationship maintenance factors' and presented changes in commitment and satisfaction, and found that the relationship maintenance factors were divided into positive and negative factors. These results are significant in that dating violence consists of mutual abuse and that it empirically revealed the detailed elements of the psychological dynamics of male and female. This was compared and analyzed with previous studies, and limitations and future research were also presented.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.141-164
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• 2002

The present study examined the variations in personality variables according to different types for the Korean view of the afterlife, including 'extinction type', 'the other world-oriented transmigration type', 'heaven/hell type' and 'obscurity type'. The results may be summarized as follows: (1) 'the other world-oriented transmigration type' and 'heaven/hell type' showed significantly stronger belief in a just world than 'extinction type', (2) 'extinction type' and 'obscurity type' showed more external attribution for accidents than 'heaven/hell type', (3) there was no difference in unrealistic optimism levels, (4) depending upon the types for the view of the afterlife, not only preferred self-enhancing biases but also positive illusions which related to life satisfaction were different, (5) 'extinction type' showed stronger risk-taking tendency than 'heaven/hell type'. These results were explained in terms of features that belong to each afterlife view. Finally, we discussed the limitation of this study and the directions for future study.