• Journal of Sinology and China Studies
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• v.79
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• pp.41-56
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• 2019

梁啓超 actively introduced Byron to the Chinese people with an interest in the heroic aspects of his work for the freedom and independence of the small country and his related works. The fourth edition of the political novel 「新中國未來記」, published in January 13, 1903, is to be translated and inserted by Byron's poem 「Greek mourning」. Through this poem, Byron is celebrated for his achievements in free spirit, anti-imperialism spirit and heroic example. The poem is a compilation and introduction of only the parts of democracy, independence, independence and freedom from Byron's original 「The Isles of Greece」. Byron is a romantic poet who has created many works that represent rebellious people against society without restraint. So as a whole, 'Byronic Hero', which appeared in Byron's work, is portrayed as a 'personal hero' who seeks freedom, raising a number of problems due to the release of Kaesong by individuals alienated due to social structural problems in the industrial age of the West and unreasonable social structure. On the other hand, to save China from the brink of ruin, Zheng emphasizes ethnic heroism that emphasizes merit rather than virtue. Beyond the personal hero who pursued the free spirit of Byron, 梁啓超 wished for the birth of a national hero who suited the political, economic, social, cultural and environmental soil of China at that time. These examples of national heroes, whether from east to west, are all heroes who appear in 「意大利建國三傑傳」, 「羅蘭夫人傳」 and 「譚嗣同傳」, who are willing to die, who sacrifice themselves for the nation and are national heroes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2021

Munseom (Island) is known as the largest native Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus in Korea. Recently, disease damage from the E. sylvestris var. ellipticus community has been reported in Munseom. This study was conducted to understand the damage situation and growth characteristics of the E. sylvestris var. ellipticus population in Munseom. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spontaneous regeneration potential of the community by grasping the characteristics of the population of surviving E. sylvestris var. ellipticus individuals, and to discuss ways to restore native habitats. A total population survey was conducted to determine the distribution status of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus individuals. The field survey carefully recorded the height of tree, DBH, DRH, and growing status, along with GPS location information of the individual. The growth status of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus individuals distributed in Munseom and the characteristics of tree height, DBH, DRH of each individual were analyzed. The total number of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus populations identified in Munseom was 293. The dense E. sylvestris var. ellipticus community reported in 2005 has been identified as being greatly damaged or damaged. In particular, the damage was more serious in mature trees with a height of 6m or more forming the canopy layer in the forest, and it was confirmed that 80.6% of the mature trees died. In the growth characteristics of the old-growth tree, which is an indicator of the health of the forest based on DRH, 75.4% died or the growth condition was found to be poor. In order to restore the native habitat of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus in Munseom, conservation efforts such as pest control, preservation of mature trees, control of the territory of young trees, and reintroduction after ex-situ transplantation etc. are considered necessary.