• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.297-305
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• 1976

신생의 Balb/C strain 백서20두를 사용하였고, 실험군과 대조군으로 구분하여 실험군에는 5-fluorouracil의 체중 25 mg/kg씩 2회를 복강내주사하였다. 실험군가 대조군에 모두 희생 2시간전에 체중그람당 5μ Ci의 thymidine-H³ (Specific activity는 9.0 Ci/mM 이상)를 복강내 주사하였다. 각군은 5-fluorouracil 최종 주사후 1, 3, 7, 14, 21일 간격으로 희생시키고, 두부를 4% formalin에 고정하였다. 조직을 0.5M EDTA에 탈회하고 parlodion과 paraplast에 이중 매몰을 하여 Parasagittal serial section 을 10μ의 절편을 만든 후 자기방사용표본을 제작하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 5-fluorouracil이 백서설의 기저세포층의 핵산합성 및 단백합성에 미치는 영향은 실험초일인 제 1일부터 억제하기 시작하여 (80.9%) 제3일 76.9%이고, 제 7일이 가장 극심하고 (66.2%) 그후부터는 다소회복되기 시작하여 제14일이 92/3%이고, 제21일인 98.9%로서 서의 대조군수치에 접근하였다. 2. 5-fluorouracil은 설유두중 nallate papillae 성장에 가장 억제적 현상을 보였고, 그 다음이 fungiform papillae, filiform papillae의 순위였다. 3. 5-fluorouracil 이 백서설의 기저세포층의 핵산합성을 억제함을 알 수 있고, 아울러 백서설의 조기정상 발육에 영향을 줌울 알 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.29-39
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• 2022

In order to solve the serious traffic congestion in seoul metropolitan city, large-scale underground space development such as underpasses, deep underground roads, and GTX (Great Train eXpress) is being carried out. In order to minimize the impact of the adjacent seoul metro line A pier foundation and stability due to the construction of the underground road in Seoul, earth retaining structures were reinforced and the foundation was reinforced as well. In this study, three-dimensional finite element mehtod analysis was performed to evaluate the effect on adjacent construction and to review the stability of the underpass excavation work. The reinforcement effect was quantitatively analyzed through numerical analysis. As a result of the analysis, compared to the result of performing the existing reinforcement when overlapping CIP and ground reinforcement grouting were performed, the displacement of the earth retaining structures was reduced by more than 50%, and stress of the foundation piles were also reduced by more than 45%. Based on the analysis of the numerical analysis results, it was confirmed that the displacement of the walls of earth retaining structures during adjacent construction should be strictly controlled.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.37 no.2 s.121
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• pp.114-124
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• 2007

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine how the mesio-distal angulation and the length of each tooth changes on panoramic radiograph at different bucco-lingual inclinations. Methods: After constructing an acrylic model based on the mean arch of 30 adults with normal occlusion, the wire was placed in the center of the teeth on the acrylic model. First, the wire was implanted in normal angulation and inclination and a panoramic radiograph taken. After changing the inclination from $I-5^{\circ}\;to\;I+15^{\circ}\;by\;5^{\circ}$, a panoramic radiograph was taken again and the mesio-distal angle and wire length on the panoramic radiograph were assessed. Results: When the wire was implanted at the normal angulation and inclination, the length measured in the panoramic radiograph was magnified $111{\sim}117%$ from the original length in the anterior region and $121{\sim}125%$ in the posterior region. Only the central and lateral incisors showed significant length differences when the inclination was changed from $l-15^{\circ}\;to\;I+15^{\circ}$ at fixed angulation. When the inclination was changed from $l-15^{\circ}\;to\;I+15^{\circ}$, the angulation of most teeth on panoramic radiograph appeared to be more disto-angulated than in reality, and the lateral incisor and canine showed the largest difference. Only $l-15^{\circ}\;to\;I+15^{\circ}$ groups of premolars and $I+15^{\circ}$ group of molars showed more mesio-angulation than in reality. As the labio(bucco)lingual inclination of all teeth were decreased, tooth angulation in the panoramic radiograph appeared to be more disto-angulated. Conclusion: The labio-liugual inclination of teeth should be considered because it affects panoramic image of teeth, such as length of incisors and angulation of other teeth.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2005

Mucin glycoproteins are the primary carriers of the oligosaccharide moieties that constitute the blood group substances in human saliva. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not the conversion of either the A or B blood group antigens to the H antigen can occur during the degradation process of stored saliva samples. Forty subjects (20 subjects in each A and B blood group) identified as secretors were enrolled in this study. Fresh whole saliva samples and their clarified supernatants were stored at room temperature for 1 week. The conversion of the blood group antigens was detected by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. Among the subjects showing the conversion in whole saliva, glandular saliva samples were obtained from 8 subjects (4 subjects in each A and B blood group). Submandibular-sublingual saliva (SMSL) and a mixture of SMSL and parotid saliva (PS) were stored at room temperature for 1 week. The conversion of the blood group antigens was detected by the same method. The obtained results were as follows: 1. In the clarified samples of whole saliva, the A antigen was detected as being either intact (5%) or degraded molecules (95%) after the 1 week period. Conversion of the A antigen to the H antigen was detected in 5 subjects (25%). In the unclarified samples, the A antigen was either detected as degraded molecules (90%) or was not detected (10%). Conversion of the antigen had occurred in 4 subjects (20%). 2. In the clarified samples of whole saliva, the B antigen was detected as intact (20%) or as degraded molecules (65%) or was not detected (15%) after the 1 week period. Conversion of the B antigen to the H antigen was detected in 7 subjects (35%). In the unclarified samples, the B antigen was detected as intact (5%) or as degraded molecules (65%), or was not detected (30%). Conversion of the antigen was observed in 2 subjects (10%). 3. In the glandular saliva samples, only one of the four subjects displayed an antigenic conversion from the A to H antigen or from the B to H antigen. The conversion had occurred in both the SMSL samples and the SMSL and PS mixture. No degradation of the antigens was detected in the other three samples of the A or B blood groups, nor was there any conversion. The results demonstrated that conversion of the blood group antigens could occur in saliva, and suggested that the enzymes responsible for the conversion are present in saliva. Further studies on the origin and activity of the specific glycosidases in saliva as well as quantitative measurements of the antigenic conversion will be needed.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.186-190
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• 1995

타석증을 동반한 만성 악하선 타액선염의 경우 악하선 적출은 일반적인 치료 방법이다. 일반적으로 악하선 적출술은 수술의 용이성, 수술시야의 확보 등의 장점으로 구강외접근에 의해서 시행되어져 왔다. 그러나 시대적으로 심미적인 요구가 증대되고 있는 요즈음 구외 접근으로 인한 술후 반흔은 구외접근법의 가장 결정적인 단점이라 할 수 있다. 또한 설하선과 함께 적출하여야 할 경우 구내접근과 구외접근을 동시에 실시할 경우 술후 치유과정상의 후유증을 유발할 수도 있다. 반면에 구강내 접근에 의한 악하선의 적출은 수술상의 고도의 난이도로 수술자체의 어려움은 있으나 구강의 반흔을 남기지 않아 심미적으로 만족할 만한 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 이에 본 저자 등은 타석증을 동반한 악하선 타액선염의 환자에 있어 구내 접근으로 악하선 및 설하선 적출술을 시행하여 좋은 결과를 얻었기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.171-174
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• 2006

Tumors rarely arise in the sublingual salivary glands. They should be considered malignant until proved otherwise. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is most commonly encountered malignant tumor of the sublingual gland. We report a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma arising from the sublingual gland. Moreover, the sublingual gland had anatomic variation of main duct(Bartholin's duct) which is connected to Wharton's duct.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.586-591
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• 2007

최근 몇 년간 속초해역에서 발생한 이상고파의 특성을 현장관측 자료를 분석하고 수치모형실험 결과와 비교하여 검토하였다. 2004년 이후의 현장 관측을 통해 최소한 4회 이상 파고 5.0 m를 초과하는 이상고파가 발생하였다. 특히 2006년 10월 23일 11시에는 유의파고 9.69 m에 이르는 매우 큰 파가 관측되었다. 한편 천해역 파랑추산모형 SWAN을 사용하여 속초해역의 50년 및 100년빈도 심해설계파로부터 천해설계파를 산정하여 이상고파 관측 결과와 비교하였다. 수치모형실험에 의한 50년빈도 천해설계파의 최대치는 파향이 ESE 방향일 때 4.9 m에 지나지 않아서 관측된 이상고파의 파고에 비해 현저하게 작았다. 따라서 통상적으로 이루어지고 있는 수치모형을 이용한 천해설계파 산정만으로는 최근 몇 년간 수 차례 관측된 동해안에서의 이상고파를 적절하게 모의할 수 없으며 이에 대한 개선방안이 마련되어야 할 필요성이 있다.

• The Safety technology
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• no.189
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• pp.24-26
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• 2013

안성시시설관리공단은 2000년 7월 1일 안성시가 자본금 전액을 출자해 설립한 지방 공기업이다. 이곳은 안성 시민들의 편안한 문화생활을 돕기 위해 시민회관, 문예회관, 종합운동장, 실내체육관, 국제정구장, 국민체육센터, 청소년문화의 집 등 공공시설물을 관리 운영을 하는 것은 물론 생활폐기물 및 재활용품 수거, 종량제봉투 판매사업을 통해 쾌적한 도시환경을 조성하고 있다. 이처럼 시민의 편의와 복리증진을 위한 여러 업무를 수행하고 있는 만큼 공단의 인력 구성 역시 각종 시설물을 관리하는 전문가에서부터 중장비 기사, 프로그램 강사, 환경미화를 담당하는 미화원에 이르기까지 매우 다양하다. 때문에 공단은 사전에 업무별로 위험요소를 분석하고 근로자들의 안전사고를 예방하려는 움직임으로 더욱 분주하다. 사고 규모를 떠나서 재해가 발생하면 피해 당사자는 물론 공단, 나아가서는 안성 시민에게까지 피해를 입힐 수 있기 때문이다. 안전을 최우선으로 삼고 최상의 공공서비스를 제공하고 있는 안성시시설관리공단을 찾아가봤다.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.141
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• pp.43-62
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• 2017

The main purpose of this paper is to survey the debates between Searle and Smith over the problem of "freestanding Y terms" in Searle's conception of social reality, and offer a viable solution, drawing on the experientialist conception of symbolic experience. Smith raises the problem of "freestanding Y term" against Searle's formula "X counts as Y in C" that there may be some cases where we cannot identify an X term to which an Y term refers. In case of an abstract concept such as equity, we may not find exactly what it stands for. That is, we cannot identify exactly what(X term) counts as equity. If there is nothing like an X for Y term, we can regard anything as equity, which may disrupt Searle's formula. Understandably, Smith does not say that the problem dismantles Searle's whole conception of social reality. Instead, Smith intends to show that Searle's formula is neither complete nor specific enough. Apparently, Searle admits that there may be freestanding Y terms and tries to articulate it within his formula, which does not seem to work. I suggest that the experientialist account of symbolic experience may serve to dissolve Smith's challenge, without modifying Searle's original formula. According to the experientialist conception of symbolization, we symbolically map some portion of our experience onto a physical object, which serves as a signifier, and we then understand and experience the signifier "in terms of" the mapped portion of experience. Thus, we experience certain buildings and some relevant people, say students, staffs, and professors in terms of "university." The status functions of university have been created by means of symbolic mappings, which change the way we understand and experience the buildings and people. In this picture, there need not be any notions such as "one-to-one correspondence" between X terms and Y terms. In this way, Searle may maintain his original formula, while dissolving, not answering, Smith's challenge. What Searle needs is a more appropriate theory of symbolization, part of which has been articulated by the experientialist account of symbolic experience.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.68
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• pp.509-538
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• 2017

After 20thcentury, digital game has placed very important aspect in modern culture and industries. Thus, digital game industries have utilized ancient stories for themes and ideas. This trial is not only spotted in industrial sectors but also in liberal arts. This paper has a purpose to look at factors that can convert components from classic novels into digital games. Especially, it will focus on how researchers of classical literature can affect in different industrial sectors. Current analysis shows that stories, fantasies, items of classic novel can essentially help to create new games. However, a game consists of just more than the previous stated components; it requires rules, outcome, conflicts and voluntary to make the games much more interesting. It is often misunderstood that plot and fantasies in games may be the most significant aspects but they are actually not. Classic novel can help to make the rule of the four standards in creating a fun game. Here are rules that Taewonji suggests. First, gamers need to save the bleak world from a turbulent age. Second, The will of the absolute has the ultimate power, so those who have achieved god's will can raise a new country. Thirdly, the sinocentrism and the outskirts of the country are not imperative but they are adjustable notions. The first and second aspects are commonly found in Samkukjiyeonui. Hence, the pattern is very familiar. The most significant rule is the third determinant since the idea purely came from Taewonji. The main character Im Seong from the story was the center of his home country, but he later becomes the outskirt or the barbarian of the new country. Therefore, the players should maintain the three rules when they are following the plot and using different items in the digital game world. The researchers of classic literature should find rules that are suitable for the game from the classic novels. This way, there is no need to discover a separate field for digital games out of classical literature.