• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.148-158
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• 1998

This study was to investigate the knowledge of Korean festival foods and the acculturation of American main traditional occasions among Korean American housewives residing in the New York and New Jersey area. Out of 400 questionnaires, the 271 respondents were taken. Of the respondents, 77.1% demonstrated the interest in Korean festival foods. The most important Korean festivals were Chusuk (52.0%), Sulnal(46.9%) and Daeborum (1.1%). In order to make the Korean festival foods to be international foods, the most vital factor was taste and flavor (39.5%), cooking method (34.7%), preservation (10.3%), sanitation (8.1%) and nutrition (7.4%). American Thanksgiving Day was the most important occasion among the Korean American housewives. The factors that keep the American traditional occasions were related to whether the respondents had an occupation or the length of stay in the U.S.A. But in case of Korean festival foods, the factors cannot be applied. On the contrary, they do still keep the tradition and the interest of Korean festival foods in U.S.A. As a result of that, the Korean festival foods in the U.S.A. are systemized for the preservation and popularization for the coming Korean generation.

• 베이커리
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• no.1 s.318
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• pp.32-51
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• 1995

발렌타인데이하면 누구나 떠올리는 것이 초컬릿과 사랑이라는 단어일 것이다. 발렌타인데이는 우리나라의 오랜 풍습은 아니지만 일년에 한번 젊은층의 사랑표현을 위한 특별한 날 임은 틀림없다. 일부에서 이날의 소비증가를 두고 찬반의 논란을 계속하고 있지만 우리업계에서는 한정된 범위에서 이날을 적극 활용할 필요가 있다. 왜냐하면 2월은 설날이 있는 달이고 따라서 가정의 지출이 지극히 제한되어 제과업종의 불황기라 할 수 있기 때문이다. 더우기 올해 발렌타인데이는 화요일이기 때문에 아주 유리한 판매환경을 만들 가능성이 높다. 그러기에 이날 고객들에게 초컬릿으로 판매를 유도해 보는 것은 백화점이나 팬시점, 수퍼마켓, CVS(편의점) 등에 빼앗길 수 있는 수요를 제과점이 끌어 안는다는 점에서 결코 간과되어서는 안 될 날인 것이다.초컬릿을 직접 만들어 팔수 있는 제과점의 경우 기성 초컬릿 제품을 공급받아 일정액의 이윤을 남기고 판매해 보는 것도 좋을 것이다.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.51 no.10
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• pp.453-459
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• 2002

This paper proposes an improved algorithm of the daily peak load forecasting for Korean Thanksgiving Day and the Lunar New Year's day. So far, many studies on the short-term load forecasting have been made to improve the accuracy of the load forecasting. However, the large errors of the load forecasting occur i case of Korean Thanksgiving Day and the Lunar New Year's Day. In order to reduce the errors of the load forecasting, the fuzzy linear regression method is introduced and a good selection method of the past load pattern is presented. Test results show that the proposed algorithm improves the accuracy of the load forecasting.

• Atmosphere
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 2006

The present study has examined interdecadal variations of the diurnal temperature range (DTR, daily maximum temperature minus daily minimum temperature) during the New Year season in Seoul for the period 1954-2005. Here, the average DTR for the New Year holidays (three consecutive days; one day before the New Year, the New Year day, and one day after the New Year) minus the average DTR for 14 days, 7 days before and 7 days after the New Year holidays, is defined for representing the New Year effect. The DTR index does not show notable trend until the late 1970s but shows obvious positive values afterward. For example, the difference of the average DTR between two periods (1980-2005 minus 1954-1979) is $0.65^{\circ}C$, which is meaningful at the 95% confidence level. This result demonstrates that intense human activity even for the limited period may provide climate impact in local regions. Its plausible causes are discussed.

• 건강소식
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2010

설날, 어른께 세배를 올리며 으레 했던 덕담이 '오래 사세요' 라는 말이다. 이는 평균수명이 길지 않았던 시대에 자손들이 어른께 드리는 당부이자 소원이기도 했다. 집안 어른의 환갑잔치는 마을의 큰 행사였고 자손들뿐 아니라 온 마을 사람들이 찾아와 아낌없이 함께 기쁨을 나눴다. 하지만 최근에는 환갑잔치를 여는 집이 거의 드물고, 오히려 고희연을 옛날 환갑잔치하듯 크게 베푸는 경우가 많아졌다. 환갑은 이미 거의 다 거쳐 가는 여느 생일 그 이상도 아니게 된 것. 이처럼 의학의 발전과 더불어 물질적으로 풍족한 사회가 되면서 인간의 평균수명은 몰라보게 늘어났다. 우리나라도 이미 급속한 고령화 사회로 진입한지 오래다. 하지만 '오래' 만 사는 고령화는 결코 바람직하지 않다. 왜? '건강하지 않는' 고령화는 본인과 그 가족 그리고 더 나아가 사회적으로도 큰 고통이 아닐 수 없기 때문이다. 정기적인 건강 검진과 철저한 예방을 통해 젊고 건강하게 '구구팔팔이삼사' 하는 멋진 노후를 맞이해야 하지 않겠는가?

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.697-710
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• 2003

The Purpose of this study was to prospect new costume culture of 21st Century and to understand the meaning of clothing and clothing behavior which represent on Korean Seasonal Costumes expressed in novel, Honpul. The results were as follows; There are special Costumes in a Year. They are New year, First full moon, Servants day, making seasonings, Doo Rae, Wha-cheon Nori(enjoying blossoms) Costumes during spring season, Dan-Oh Costume in summer and Ya-Kwang-Gui(keeping shoes at all night), Su-Ya(overnight), Yeam-Bal(burning dropped hairs) Costume in winter season. There were many relationship with clothing in new year, Wha-cheon Nori and Servants day Costumes, but they only had adorning meaning without special symbolic or incantational meaning. Clothing and clothing behaviors in Seasoning making day Costume, Dan-Ho costume and Ya-Kwang-Gui, Su-Ya, Yeam-Bal Costumes contained practical meaning with incantational meaning. There were Servants day costumes and Doo-Rae Costumes for lower classes, New year and Wha-cheon Nori costumes for the higher classes. But the First full moon day costume was for both classes. This study will make us to grasp the meaning of clothing culture with Korean Seasonal Costumes, and be useful to measure the changes of Korean costume cultures.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.803-832
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• 2007

Electricity and heat load profiles by use types on an hourly basis at the least are essential for assessing economic viability of new cogeneration and CES projects and for optimally operating existing cogeneration and CES facilities. We adopt a multilevel model to specify heat load profiles so as to utilize in a flexible manner the panel nature of our data on weather and heating/cooling use. Converting the multilevel model to the linear mixed-effects model, we estimate the model by panel FGLS. The estimated load profile model for each distinct use type accounts for the effects of temperature, humidity, each hour over the year, each day of the week, each type of legal holidays, and heating/cooling area on energy use. To save space, we feature in detail the heating profile of the household.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.111-121
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• 2010

DHV (Design-Hour Volume) for the estimation of number of lanes is determined by design-hour factor (K). The design-hour factor is defined as the proportion between the 30th highest hourly volume and AADT and determines the level of road planning. However, the K-factor estimated by an existing method has a problem because the hourly volumes on holiday and weekend appear in the relatively low rank in real world in spite of expected high volumes. To improve this problem, this study make use of the concept of traffic demand in estimating the design-hour factor. After the congested hourly volumes transfer to traffic hourly demand, the K-factors are estimated on urban expressways and are compared to the existing K-factors. It is perceived that the new K-factors have more realistic values due to utilizing the traffic demand. reflecting the congested flow.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.146-157
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• 1999

The knowledge on Korean traditional ceremony foods was evaluated from 271 Korean American housewives residing in the New York and New Jersey metropolitan area. A questionnaire was designed to collect information on demographic background of the subject and their knowledge on ceremonial foods and table settings. Over half of the respondents considered table settings for ceremonial foods are important and most of them knew and learned Korean ceremonial foods from either their own mothers or mother-in-laws. About three-quarters responded that traditional table settings need to be simplified and half of them stated that family education is the best way of proceeding knowledge on ceremonial foods. Most of them have knowledge of table settings for a child's birthday, a baby's first birthday, a baby's hundredth day after birth, New Year's and full moon days. However, few respondents were knowledgable about other ceremonial foods. Practically, they are more likely to simplify the table setting for Korean traditional ceremonies, such as child's birthday, 60th birthday, wedding, and memorial days. The results of this study could be used to plan traditional cultural education programs for Korean immigrants in the U.S. so that they can make informed decisions in building cultural identities in the new environment.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.455-465
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• 2008

The data for this study were collected in a survey conducted in Ganghwa. The questionnaire was specifically designed to identify ceremonial and prohibitive foods in Ganghwa. Quantitative and qualitative data were reported as frequencies, and $X^2$ analysis was employed to assess the relationships among religious. Ceremonial foods were important on the 15th of January by the lunar calendar(87.5%), the Korean Thanks giving Day(84.4%), New Year's Day(79.8%), and the winter solstice(77.4%). A table in celebration of a baby's first birthday included baekseolgi, rice cake with Indian millet and red bean, songpyeon, injeolmi, fruits, and japchae. Women who had delivered a child ate boiled rice and seaweed soup. Birthday parties was hosted in 67.0% of the homes. The reasons for not having a birthday party were the inability to make enough time(38.2%) and difficulties with work(19.4%). Pyebaek foods were jerked beef, chicken, jujube and chestnuts. A 60th birthday anniversary was the reason for 31.4% of the respondents to eat ceremonial foods, and a Memorial Day service that carried in the eldest son was the reason in 53.4% of the families. The Memorial-Day service foods were learned by a Catholic mother(66.7%), by the husband's Buddhist mother(37.9%), or by Confucianism(54.5%)(p<0.05). Therefore, it is important to increase the understanding of celebrational foods and to enforce systematic public relations.