• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.38 no.6_1
• /
• pp.1343-1356
• /
• 2022

Clouds or shadows are the most problematic when monitoring crops using optical satellite images. To reduce this effect, a composite algorithm was used to select the maximum Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for a certain period. This Maximum NDVI Composite (MNC) method reduces the influence of clouds, but since only the maximum NDVI value is used for a certain period, it is difficult to show the phenomenon immediately when the NDVI decreases. As a way to maintain the spectral information of crop as much as possible while minimizing the influence of clouds, a Score-Based Composite (SBC) algorithm was proposed, which is a method of selecting the most suitable pixels by defining various environmental factors and assigning scores to them when compositing. In this study, the Sentinel-2A/B Level 2A reflectance image and cloud, shadow, Aerosol Optical Thickness(AOT), obtainging date, sensor zenith angle provided as additional information were used for the SBC algorithm. As a result of applying the SBC algorithm with a 15-day and a monthly period for Dangjin rice fields and Taebaek highland cabbage fields in 2021, the 15-day period composited data showed faster detailed changes in NDVI than the monthly composited results, except for the rainy season affected by clouds. In certain images, a spatially heterogeneous part is seen due to partial date-by-date differences in the composited NDVI image, which is considered to be due to the inaccuracy of the cloud and shadow information used. In the future, we plan to improve the accuracy of input information and perform quantitative comparison with MNC-based composite algorithm.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.49-71
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of the corporate social responsibility by port operation organization on the brand asset, reputation and relationship performance perceived by interested parties. To achieve such a purpose, literature survey on various research papers and thesis, research report is carried out and also reliability analysis, validity test and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 18.0 are used. To verify a established research model for empirical analysis and hypotheses, questionnaires are distributed to the port operation organization, terminal operators, shipping companies and NGO. Total 414 copies of questionnaires were collected and used in this analysis. The main results of the study are summarized as below. First, it was confirmed that social responsibility of the port operation organization are classified into three categories; economic, legal, and charitable and ethical responsibility. Second, economic responsibility has a positive impact on the brand awareness and reputation. Third, legal responsibility has a positive impact on the trust and commitment. Fourth, charitable and ethical responsibility has a positive impact on brand image and awareness, reputation, trust and commitment. Further additional empirical research can be extended by distributing more questionnaires including several port operation organizations in Busan and Incheon.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.55 no.2
• /
• pp.102-110
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted to optimize the processing process for the oyster Crassostrea gigas gratin with cream sauce (OG-CS). The optimum concentration of added milk for oyster extract with milk (OE-M) was 35.0% based on the frozen-boiled oyster (F-BO), as suggested by the results of sensory evaluation. Response surface methodology was performed with whipping cream (WC)/[OE-M+mixed powder (garlic powder:onion powder=1:1) (MP)] (X₁) and OE-M/MP (X₂) as independent variables and viscosity (Y₁), amino acid nitrogen (Y₂), and overall acceptance for sensory evaluation (Y₃) as dependent variables. The optimal proportions were 74.55% of WC, 20.25% of OE-M, and 5.2% of MP, and the predicted multiple response optimal values for the dependent variables were 3,735.6 cP of Y₁, 197.0 mg/100 g of Y₂, and 6.2 score of Y₃. Under optimal conditions, the experimental values for Y₁, Y₂, and Y₃ were 3,711.9±30.0 cP, 198.1±1.9 mg/100 g, and 6.3±0.5 score, respectively, which were not significantly different from the predicted values (P>0.05). Further, the results of sensory evaluation suggested that the optimum concentration of macaroni:cheese (1:2) to be 46.2% based on the F-BO. The OG-CS prepared under these optimal conditions was superior to the commercial seafood gratin in overall acceptance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.843-852
• /
• 2022

To determine the composition of benthic species on the southwest coast, a macrobenthos study was conducted at 18 sites on the islands of Wando and Jodo for seven summers (2014-2021) from June to September. Two hundred and twenty species(645 ind./m²) were collected on the rocky shores of Wando and Jodo. A similar number of species was observed in Wando (165 species) and Jodo (167 species). The mean density was higher in Wando (726 ind./m²) than in Jodo (564 ind./m²). The number of species was the highest at Site 15 (116 species), and the density was highest at Site 7 (1,664 ind/m²). The dominant species were Nodilittorina radiata with 175 ind./m² (27.1%), Littorina brevicula with 97 ind./m² (15.1%), and Heminerita japonica with 41 ind./m² (6.3%). The climate change indicator species, Tetraclita japonca, appeared in 15 sites, and the endemic species, Ptilohyale bisaeta, appeared in some sites. Fusinus spectrum, which appears on the Red List as a Near Threatened (NT) species, the lowest level of extinction risk, appeared in Jodo. The macrobenthos of Wando and Jodo demonstrated the general characteristics of rocky shores in Korea. Based on the tides and substrate, the rocky shores revealed a vertical distribution trend where Nodilittorina radiata, Littorina brevicula, Chthamalus challengeri, and Reishia clavigera were dominant. Wando and Jodo exhibited similar habitat distribution patterns.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2021

The purpose is a qualitative study to explore the self-consciousness of nursing students regarding the abolition of the abortion law using media. The participants of this study were 20 students who were first-year students at a university in M city, Gyeongsangbuk-do, and had strong awareness about the abolition of the abortion law. Data collection was done through self-reports within 72 hours of watching the video on life phenomena. The collected data were analyzed using Krippendorff's phenomenological method. As a result of analyzing the experiences related to the abolition of the abortion of abortion it was derived into 16 meaningful statements in 3 categories and 9 topics. Three categories were derived from 'disregarded dignity', ambiguity of boundaries, and 'reeducation in sex education'. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the abolition of the abortion law in nursing colleges had opportunities for women's reproductive health promotion and women's human rights, and various social participation attitudes as nursing students. It is expected to be used as a useful basic data for student life counseling in the future, and it is expected to be used as a basic data for the development of reproductive health promotion education.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.238-248
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the safety of 208 types of residue pesticides on 150 dried agricultural products in Ulsan. The pesticide residues were detected using GC-MS/MS, LC-MS/MS, GC/ECD, GC/NPD, and LC/PDA. The detection rate was 19.3% (29 of 150 samples), and 28 types of pesticides were detected. Two of the 29 pesticide residues exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL). Difenoconazole was detected in Ulleungdo aster, and chlorothalonil and chlorpyrifos were detected in chili pepper leaves. In the vegetable group, the frequency of pesticide residues was found to be the highest in dried leafy vegetables, followed by dried fruiting vegetables other than cucurbit vegetables, and then dried stalk and stem vegetables. The pesticide types detected in the commercial dried agricultural products were fungicide (60%), insecticide (23.8%), and acaricide (16.3%). In the validation study, the values of limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), coefficient of determination (R²), and recovery rate were in the range of 0.0001-0.0409 mg/kg, 0.0003-0.1241 mg/kg, 0.994-0.999, and 81.58-116.79%, respectively. The ratio of estimated daily intake (EDI)/acceptable daily intake (ADI) was 0.00002-0.31395%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.175-184
• /
• 2023

Based on the actual shape of the detector and the data provided by the manufacturer, the shape of the detector was implemented through Penelope simulation and applied to the appropriate four-layer thickness based on the efficiency obtained from the measurements. Efficiency calculations to determine the effect of the simulated number of Full Energy Peak Efficiency(FEPE) channels in the detector and the outside contact layer in the crystal on the Full Energy Peak Efficiency were performed for various four-layer thicknesses of 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 mm using the Penelope Code. When the thickness of the external contact layer was increased by 5 times, the Full Energy Peak Efficiency decreased by about 36% for 59.50 keV, and the Full Energy Peak Efficiency decreased by 10% for 1836. In addition, as it increased by 10 times, the Full Energy Peak Efficiency decreased by about 20% for 59.54 keV, and 7% for 1836.01 keV. The Penelope simulated Full Energy Peak Efficiency channel decreases exponentially with the increase in the four layers. In addition, it was confirmed that the total effect curve was well matched with a relative difference of less than 3.5% in the 0.3-1.4 mm dead layer thickness region. However, it was found that the inhomogeneous dead layer is still a parameter in the Monte Carlo model.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.199-206
• /
• 2019

This study aims to identify whether the action-observation training impacts on the improvement of stroke patient's cognitive functioning. When it comes to the research methods, Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) and Literacy Independent Cognitive Assessment (LICA) conducted to assess samples between 23 April and 18 May 2018. Samples are seven patients who are hospitalized in Kyung-In region. In the meantime, seven tasks such as the range of joint motion (ROM) dance, arrangement of pullover clothes, lacing-ups of a pair, folding up a facecloth and socks, the origami and tying a necktie implemented as the action-observation programme. In order to analyse collected data, descriptive statistics analysis, paired t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were carried out via SPSS version 20 (a statistics programme). The change in value from MMSE-K showed its statistical significant as 3.29 (±1.38, p<.001) as well as value from LICA in recollective powers was 12.16 (±6.73), therefore, the statistic is said to be statistically significant. In conclusion, action-observation training most influenced recollective powers amongst stroke patient's cognitive functioning areas. Even though development of cognitive functioning discovered in other areas, its values were possibly statistically insignificant. Hence, future research ought to demonstrate which areas action-observation training is effective according to brain lesion site.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.273-279
• /
• 2009

$SF_6$, which has a high global warming potential, can be decomposed to sulfur and fluorine compounds through hydrolysis by $H_2O$ or oxidation by $O_2$ over solid acid catalysts. In this study ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ was employed as the solid acid catalyst for the abatement of $SF_6$ and its catalytic activity was investigated with respect to the reaction temperature and the space velocity. The catalytic activity for $SF_6$ decomposition by the hydrolysis reached the maximum at and above 973 K with the space velocity of $20,000\;ml/g_{-cat}{\cdot}h$, exhibiting a conversion very close to 100%. When the space velocity was lower than $45,000\;ml/g_{-cat}{\cdot}h$, the conversion was maintained at the maximum value. On the other hand, the conversion of $SF_6$ by the oxidation was about 20% under the same conditions. The SEM and XRD analyses revealed that the ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ was transformed to ${\alpha}-Al_2O_3$ during the hydrolysis and to $AlF_3$ during the oxidation, respectively. The size of $AlF_3$ after the oxidation was over $20\;{\mu}m$, and its catalytic activity was low due to the low surface area. Therefore, it was concluded that the hydrolysis over ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ was much more favorable than the oxidation for the catalytic decomposition of $SF_6$.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.361-369
• /
• 2007

Uncomfortable odor emitted from air conditioning system is the main cause of indoor air quality deterioration. To solve evaporator odor problems, odor active compounds, have to be identified then the quality of the product can be improved its quality. Because evaporator odor in exhaust gas has low odor intensity and discontinuity, it is very difficult to collect and analyze sample. In this study through the identification of odor compounds in condensed water, the evaluation of the eraporator was tested. Odor compounds were extracted from water by headspace-solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method. The single odor was separated by GC/FID/Olfactometry (GC/FID/O) and odor active compounds were identified by GC/AED and GC/MS. Compared to air sample, result of sensory evaluation and the single odor compound appeared similarly. It was identified that odor active compounds have functional group containing oxygen such as alcohols and acids. Evaluation method of odor active compounds using condensed water in evaporator appeared effective on the side of simplicity of collection, low expanse and rapid analysis.