• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 1996

This study was conducted to select the acaricides selective to H. axyridis and examine the effects on phytophagous mites and natural enemies after application of selected acaricides in the apple orchard. All the acaricides tested were more toxic to T. urticae and P. ulmi than to H. axyridis, and also were more toxic to egg than to the larva and adult of H. myridis. Azocyclotin and fenpropathrin were the highest and lowest selective acaricides to H. axyridk, respectively. The density of phytophagous mites was high affected by frequency of acaricide application. Significant difference in the changes of the density of natural enemies was not be observed according to frequency of acaricide application and kinds of acaricide. Acaricide treatment showed high effect on the population densities of A. womersleyi and Oriur spp., while less effect on Chrysopa spp.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.207-212
• /
• 1998

Tea field-collected populations of the tea red spider mite (Tetranychus kazawai Kishida) from five different locations in the southern region of Korea were assessed for resistance to seven acaricides using leaf spray method. There were considerable differences in susceptibility depending on the tested acaricides and the location from which the population was collected. The populations showing high resistance ratio of more than 20 with respect to certain acaricide were as follows: the Sungjun and Cheju populations to azocyclotin, tebufenpyrad, fenpyroximate, pyridaben, propargite, and fenpropathrin; the Haenam population to propargite and fenpyroximate; the Bosung population to propargite; the Youngam population to pyridaben. Therefore, the use of other alternative acaricides against the Sungjun and Cheju populations is needed. However, careful selection of the appropriate acaricide against the Haenam, Bosung and Youngam populations of the tea red spider mite might be maintained in effective control.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.40-45
• /
• 1995

Eight field-collected populations of the two-spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) from apple orchards of different geographical areas were tested for resistance to seven acaricides by leaf disk method in comparison with a susceptible strain. Marked regional variations of susceptibility were observed. Only low to moderate resistance to azocyclotin, fenpropathrin, propargite, and abamectin was obtained. However, high resistance to dicofol, fenpyroxymate, and pyridaen by eight field-collected populations was produced. Resistance to dicofol and fenpyroxymate was widespread. All of the strains tested were susceptible to one or more o the acaricides used. These results indicate that careful selection of the chemical used against any population of the two-spotted spider mite might result in satisfactory control.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.71-79
• /
• 2004

Toxicities of 42 pesticides (13 acaricides, 13 insecticides, 13 fungicides and 3 adjuvants) commonly used to control rose insect, mite, and disease pests were evaluated to the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae egg and adult, and its predator Phytoseiulus persimilis egg, nymph and adult at the recommended concentration. The effect of density suppression of T urticae by predatory mite and pesticide mixture on the rose in the greenhouses was also investigated. Among 13 acaricides tested, acequinocyl, bifenazate, fenbutatin oxide and spirodiclofen showed much less toxicity to P. persimilis than to T urticae. Among insecticides, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, spinosad, thiamethoxam and acetamiprid＋etofenprox showed low toxicity to P. persimilis. and T ruticae. Among 13 fungicides, azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, myclobutanil, nuarimol, triadimefon, triflumizole and oxadixyl＋mancozeb had a negligible effect on P. persimilis and T. urticae. Among three adjuvants, cover and siloxane expressed high toxicity, while spreader showed very low toxicity to P. Persimilis. In the greenhouses experiments, the density of T urticae before treatment was 65.3 mites per leaf. However, their density after release about 30 predatory mites per rose abruptly decreased from 3.8 mites at 11th day to zero mite at 20th day. During survey periods, four treatments of fungicides (kresoxim-methyl, myclobutanil, nuarimol, triflumizole) for the control of Sphaerotheca pannosa and one treatment of insecticide (spinosad) the control of Frankliniella occidentalis were applied, and these treatments had no the pesticides had no effect on the predatory mite density. It may be suggested from these results that four acaricides, five insecticides, seven fungicides, and one adjuvant could be incorporated into the integrated T. urticae management system with P. persimilis on rose cultivation.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2015

This study surveyed the selling, buying, usage, selection and spraying frequency of pesticides on apple orchards in Geochang, Gyeongsangnam-do province from 2012 to 2013 and found that the fungicides, insecticides and acaricides were sprayed $13.9{\pm}3.5$, $12.6{\pm}3.2$, and $2.6{\pm}1.3$ times per year, respectively. Fungicides were applied mainly to control for Diplocarpon mali, Colletotrichum gloeosporoides and Alternaria mali, whereas insecticides were sprayed mostly to control Grapholita molesta, Carposina sasakii insects. Dealers sold pesticides without monitoring of the pests in the apple orchards, and also sometimes sold pesticides which are non-registered for apple. Most of the farmers were highly relied on dealers' recommendations to choosing the brand product. Relating on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) on apple orchards in Geochang, residual active ingredient of frequently sprayed fungicides, insecticides, and acaricides were analyzed. Most applications of the fungicides, insecticides and acaricides were well corresponded with FAO's recommendations. For production of safe food and use of pesticides, it is requested to develope control calender and consideration of training program for farmers. The regional characteristics and environmental situation of the farm also should be considered.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.249-255
• /
• 2008

The comparative toxicity of recommended rates of three acaricides, fluacrypyrim, cyflumetofen and spiromesifen to the predatory mite, Neoseiulus womersleyi and its prey, Tetranychus urticae was bioassayed in the laboratory. Fluacrypyrim and cyflumetofen were much less toxic to adult females of N. womersleyi than to those of T. urticae. Adult female predators treated with these two acaricides produced $88{\sim}93%$ as many eggs as did control females. Fluacrypyrim and cyflumetofen did not affect the hatch of N. womersleyi eggs or the development of surviving immature predators, and $92{\sim}96%$ of immature predators reached adulthood. Spiromesifen at its treated concentration did not significantly affect the survival and reproduction of adult female predators but caused 100% mortality in larvae of N. womersleyi. Adult female predators survived on a diet of spider mites treated with fluacrypyrim and cyflumetofen, and their fecundity was not significantly affected. Moreover, immature predators developed normally on prey treated with these two acaricides. The results indicate that fluacrypyrim and cyflumetofen are promising candidates for use in integrated mite management programs where N womersleyi is the major natural enemy.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.45 no.2 s.143
• /
• pp.217-226
• /
• 2006

As the results achieved by the evaluation of toxicities on an aphid parasitoid, Aphidius colemani by 79 pesticides registered as horticultural pesticide and 4 adjuvants far pest control, 6 insecticides including a-cypermethrin, 13 fungicides including metalaxyl-M+mancozeb and 4 acaricides including bifenazate showed low toxicity against A. colemani adult. Low toxicity was showed in all the 4 adjuvants as well. In residual toxicity test from 40 pesticides which showed toxicity more than 50%, A. colemani was safe from 11 pesticides from the 3th day after treatment, 7 pesticides from the 5th day after treatment and 14 pesticides from the 7th day after treatment, respectively. But, chlorpyrifos-methyl, diflubenzuron+chlorpyrifos, etofenprox+diazinone and imidachloprid+chlorpyrifos showed high toxicities reaching 100%, 97.7%, 100% and 100% respectively, even from the 7th day after treatment. To evaluate the control effect by A. colemani against Myzus persicae in a greenhouse, A. colemani was released at parasitoid versus aphids rates of 1:50 and 1:100 when the population of M persicae was 50 per plant. After release, aphids population remained steady for 20 days after release at the level of around 60 aphids per plant. During the investigation, insecticides fur thrips control and fungicides for powdery mildew control were treated, but didn't affect the mummy forming of A. colemani. It may be suggested from these results that the selected insecticides, fungicides, acaricides and adjuvent could be incorporated into the integrated M. persicae management system with A. colemani on greenhouse cultivation.