• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.479-486
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• 2022

Midlife is a critical time when people look back on their life and evaluate it from current state. In middle age, there is a satisfaction with achievement and a sense of crisis between reality and expectation. Research on pastoral counseling in the middle age to minimize problems and conflicts that occur in the transition period of crisis or opportunity is meaningful. Based on biblical principles, pastoral counseling should be able to help the client's needs and development tasks to be reproduced into a meaningful life on the basic premise of a realistic meeting with God. Therefore, through a literature review, the developmental views of Jung, Ericsson, Levinson, and the pioneers of middle-aged research, were examined. From this realistic point of view, the integration of pastoral counseling and reality therapy is considered to be very useful by allowing the harmony of internal dialogue and behavior to start together through the feasible realistic behavior and responsibility of one's choice. Insights on oneself and specific counseling methods of realistic therapy will present a new type of counseling through integration with pastoral counseling. Therefore after examining the theoretical background and characteristics of reality therapy, we intend to help overcome the middle-aged crisis through the meeting pastoral counseling and reality therapy.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.52
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• pp.53-78
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• 2018

In the moral culture of the West, love and justice are two commands with roots in ancient times. One is the heritage of Hebraism, and the other belongs to the tradition of Hebraism and Hellenism. The two concepts are the most important virtues required for preserving stability in society. These two commands are compatible, in an exclusive relationship to each other. To ultimately seek their reconciliation, the precise concept analysis and understanding of each of them should be premised on, due to the multi-layered meaning of implications of the two concepts. To this end, we first have started with a lexical meaning and have done a conceptual analysis of what these two concepts are expressing. We have looked at Paul $Ric{\oe}ur$ in his interpretation of the discourse of love and justice. Finally, we looked at how these two concepts are narrated in literature. Through the literary works of Stendal, Albert Camus, and Dostoevsky, we have seen examples of literary configurations that have been embodied in life. In this way, through conceptual analysis, discourse analysis, and narrative analysis of the two concepts, the following conclusions were drawn. Love and justice were not a matter of choice. We could see coldness and unrealism of a society lacking love or with a problem of unclean love, through Stendhal's and Albert Camus' novels and their actual debate. In addition, in unclean paternalism, risk of the power of love blocking certain a certain touch of justice was also confirmed. So, it was necessary for a healthy future society to explore the possibility of the coexistence of love and justice. We confirmed the possibility of compatibility in a 'considerate balance' wherein the 'moral judgment in situation' is required, as Paul $Ric{\oe}ur$ expressed. This ideal situation may be realized when forms of love involving solidarity, mutual care, and compassion with pain like Dostoevsky are combined with the principle of distributional justice. When Albert Camus pursued justice and eventually faced reality and mentioned the need for mercy, he could have made a moral judgment based on this situation. In the end, love protects justice, and justice contributes to the realization of love. Justice reduces super-ethical love to moral categories, and love plays a role in enabling justice to exert its full force.