• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.401-406
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• 2010

Vessel Operator has been navigating with subjective sate distance in accordance with night & daytime, fore & aft, port & stbd abeam and visibility situation. This sate distances may different depending on inside & outside harbor limit, current, wind and visibility situation. By now, the concept of proper sate distance between navigating vessels has been adopted in Korea, using the early 1980's foreign data. And the safe distance is being used with the same value without any consideration of inside & outside harbor and the kind of vessel. So it is necessary to evaluate or search proper distance concept based on different sate consciousness of Korean manners. This paper aims to develop the basic model for marine traffic evaluation and the new model of marine traffic congestion. Also this paper proposes the basic control guideline of vessel traffic service center. The result of this study showed that minimum sate distance should be 4.4L forward, 3.1L aft and 26L abeam in case of good visibility in daytime, considering various parameters such as visibility, day and night. Some differences Here found between the existing minimum sate distance and the new minimum sate distance derived from the result of this study.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.199-207
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• 2015

In ports of Korea, the marine traffic flow is congested due to a large number of vessels coming in and going out. In order to improve the safety and efficiency of these vessels, South Korea is operating with a Vessel Traffic Service System, which is monitoring its waters for 24 hours. However despite these efforts of the VTS (Vessel Traffic Service) officers, collisions are occurring continuously, the risk situation is analyzed that occurs once in about 20 minutes, the risk may be greater. It investigated to reduce these accidents by providing a safety standard for collision danger in a timely manner. Thus, this study has developed a risk prediction module to predict risk in advance. This module can avoid collision risk to adjust the speed and course of ship using a risk evaluation model based on ship operator's risk perspective. Using this module, the ship operators and VTS officers can easily be identified risks in complex traffic situations, so they can take an appropriate action against danger in near future including course and speed change. To verify the effectiveness of this module, this paper predicted the risk of each encounter situation and confirmed to be capable of identifying a risk changes in specific course and speed changes at Busan coastal water.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.1118-1121
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• 2020

전체 해양 사고 원인 중 선박 운항 부주의가 34%로 사고 발생 원인 중 대다수를 차지한다. 해당 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 선박 운항자를 대상으로 효과적인 운항 교육 및 실시간 관제 시스템을 제공해 사고를 방지하는 것이 중요하다. 따라서 울산항만을 현실적으로 반영한 가상현실 시물레이션 및 5g 수상드론을 이용한 운항 교육 시스템과 모든 선박들이 사용가능한 실시간 관제 시스템을 연구하고 이를 울산 항만에 제공한다.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.159-168
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• 1997

본 연구는 Moss형 LNG선박의 방열구조에서 LNG탱크에 침입하는 열량과 선체의 온도분포를 예측하고, 운항 중 LNG탱크를 Cooling down(예냉)하는 경우 발생하는 비정상상태에서 LNG탱크에 발생하는 국부적인 열응력을 검토할 수 있는 비정상 온도분포해석과 LNG증발량을 검토하였다. 특히 운항 중인 선박을 대상으로 일반적인 수치계산시에 필요한 각종 입력절차를 간소화 하고 경계조건 선정시에 비 전문가도 쉽게 이용할 수 있는 전산프로그램을 개발하였다. Moss형 LNG탱크의 예냉작업에 필요한 최적의 냉매량과 예냉조건을 비정상상태에서 해석한 것은 설계자 및 선박 운항자에게 유용하게 이용될 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.311-313
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• 2018

해양안전심판원의 해양사고 통계자료에 따르면 기관손상 등을 제외한 해양사고 중 충돌사고의 비중은 가장 높고, 대부분의 충돌사고는 경계소흘 등 운항과실이 약 90%를 차지한다. 본 연구에서는 운항자의 항행 안전을 지원하고자 육상 무선 통신기술을 이용하여 중소형 선박의 충돌예방 시스템을 최종적으로 개발하기 위해 먼저 소형어선(30톤미만) 운항자의 요구분석을 수행하였다. 분석을 통해 충돌회피거리, 당직자 배치, 긴급피항시 필요시간, 충돌 및 경보시스템 개발에 필요한 사항 등을 도출하였다. 향후 이를 바탕으로 해상에서의 선박충돌 예방을 위한 신뢰성 높은 충돌경보 알고리즘을 개발 적용하는 등 사용자 편의적인 충돌경보 시스템을 개발하고자 한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.91-100
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• 2012

Although Korea's coastal areas increasingly experience marine accident due to frequent ship encounters, increased vessel traffic and large vessel, there is a no specific model to evaluate the navigating vessel's risk for the given situation. The maritime transport environmental assessment is necessary due to the amended marine traffic law. However, marine safety diagnosis is now evaluated by foreign models. In this paper, therefore, we suggest a domestic model catering to and reflecting the characteristics of Korea's costal areas as well as those of vessel navigator's risk. We can evaluate subjective risks using this model, and can establish the model output as maritime risk exposure assessment system. We have performed analyses of variance and multiple comparison to identify the factor affecting subjective risks. As a result, measurable subjective risks of maritime traffic accident based on our suggested model can be expressed using the maritime risk exposure assessment system with geographic information system.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.33-46
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• 2023

The Autonomous ships are equipped with a function to judge and navigate the sea conditions on their own, so the job of the ship officer who operates it changes. The educational curriculum to nurture ship officer with the ability to operate and manage autonomous ships must also be changed. This study aimed to develop the curriculum for training autonomous ship officer by using the Delphi survey method suitable for predicting the uncertain future. Among the current 61 subjects for training ship officer identified in the Delphi survey, 32 subjects with high importance should be maintained in the training for autonomous ship officer, and subjects with low importance should be abolished or integrated into other subjects. These subjects were collectively referred to as 'general courses'. The expert panel of the Delphi survey suggested 42 items as new subjects, with 18 items of 'high', 14 items of 'middle', and 10 items of 'low'. Through in-depth analysis of these items by experts, 27 subjects were adjusted and three courses were proposed : 1)'Basic course(10 courses)' for developing basic capabilities such as basic theories for understanding advanced technology and information applied to autonomous ships, 2)'Job course(10 courses)' for practical competency directly related to autonomous ship operation, 3)'Intensive course(7 subjects)' for fostering land remote operators of autonomous ships. Since the introduction and spread of autonomous ships will progress rapidly, research to develop and supplement autonomous ship pilot training courses should be continued by reflecting the level of autonomous navigation of autonomous ships.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.371-373
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• 2012

항로표지는 선박이 운항하는데 필요한 각종 정보를 제공해 주는 중요한 시설물이다. 과거에는 이러한 항로표지 배치를 설계함에 있어 도상 및 경험에 의한 설계가 주로 이루어져 왔으나, 최근 선박의 대형화 및 물동량 증가와 함께 해역의 복잡성이 상대적으로 증가하면서, 항로표지 배치에 보다 과학적인 설계 기법을 도입해야 할 필요성이 증가하고 있다. 항로표지 시뮬레이터는 우리나라 주요 해역의 지형적, 환경적 특성, 그리고 여기에서 운항하는 선박들의 특성, 해상교통 특성 등을 종합적으로 고려한 시뮬레이션 환경을 항로표지 설계자에게 제공함으로써, 최적의 안전성과 효율성을 가진 항로표지 설계, 항로표지 최적 배치계획 등에 대한 의사결정을 효과적으로 지원할 수 있는 시스템을 의미한다. 이를 위해서는, 기존의 선박운항 시뮬레이터 시스템이 가진 기본적인 기능외에 추가적인 기능 설계가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 항로표지 시뮬레이터에 대한 개발 및 구축 계획에 대해서 정리하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.488-490
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• 2013

2013년 11월 27일 구성된 제주 민군복합형 관광미항 크루즈 선박조종 시뮬레이션 시현 TF팀은 2013. 1. 17~18일 한국해양과학기술원에서 3차원 다기능 선박조종시뮬레이터(Full Mission Ship-Handling Simulator)을 이용하여 도선사 4명이 주, 야간 및 입선, 출선자세 접안 16개 시나리오를 가지고 시뮬레이션을 실시하였으며, 평가 기법은 "해사안전법"의 해상교통안전진단 시행지침(국토해양부 고시 제2012-129호(2012.3.21.), 해상교통시스템 적정성 평가(선박조종시뮬레이션, 통항안전성 및 접 이안안전성 평가)를 준용하였다. 시뮬레이션 평가 결과 근접도에 따른 충돌[침범] 확률이 $10^{-4}$미만이고, 운항자[주관적] 평가의 결과가 평균 -2.0 이하로 해상교통환경 변화에 따른 통항안전성 및 접이안 안전성 확보가 가능하다고 평가되었다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.187-195
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• 2011

A ship handling simulator is popular means of preventing marine accidents caused by human error. It can also be used to train navigators. A real-time 3D visualization system, a component of a ship handling simulator, is an important component, as realistic and intuitive image generation play an essential role in improving the effects of education using ship handling simulators. This paper discusses the design of a new real-time 3D visualization system based on an open source 3D graphics engine as well as its implementation. The developed real-time 3D visualization system satisfies the operational requirements derived in terms of visualization functionalities, reuse of legacy graphic data, and interoperability with other systems constituting a ship handling simulator. This system has an architecture in which new functionalities are easily added.