• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.167-176
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• 1998

골재의수요는 매년 크게 증가하고 있으나 천연골재는 점차 고갈되어 가고 있다. 따라서 기존석산들에서 발생되는 폐석자원을 쇄석골재로 활용하면 일거양득의 효과가 있다. 본 연구는 국내에서 가장 대규모 석산단지인 포천 및 익산지역 기존석산에서 발생되는 석산폐석에 대한 물리적, 화학적 및 광물학적 시험.분석을 실시하여, 쇄석골재로서 석산폐석의 특성규명과 활용가능성을 평가하였다. 연구결과, 포천과 익산지역에서 발생되는 석산폐석을 쇄석골재로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었으며, 폐석자원을 쇄석골재로 활용함으로써 골재의 수요에 보충하고, 산림 및 자연경관의 훼손과 환경오염을 야기할 수 있는 석산골재 신규개발의 억제에도 효과가 기대된다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.37 no.6 s.169
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• pp.585-601
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• 2004

A general study of domestic black sandstone and black shale quarries has not been made. For this reason it is difficult to know how the matter really stands. The objectives of this study are to achieve systematical and scientific study of the distribution, occurrences and rock quality of black sandstone and black shale resources exploited in existing quarries in the Boryeong area. The black sandstone bed survey was made from 54 mine claims on 4 sheets. In the area, 140 black sandstone and 22 black shale quarries were ascertained in 37 mine claims. The general development information data from that existing quarries were collected and synthesized. Among these black sandstone quarries for gravestones, monuments and black shale quarries for inkstone are in operation. Most of the black sandstone quarries were closed throughout the Gaewhari, Suburi, Seongjuri district in the investigated area even though these quarries had played a prominent part in the production of black sandstone. In view of commercial dimension stones, raw materials from black sandstone are classified as corestone and fresh rock body according to the characteristics of their occurrences and shape. Black sandstone beds are characteristically well-jointed and are particularly subdivided into cubic or quadrangular blocks in 3 joint sets. The colors of these black sandstones show medium dark $gray\~grayish$ black judging from the Rock Color Chart. The black sandstone beds which are intercalated in the Amisan, Jogeri, Baegunsa, Seongjuri Formations of the Daedong Supergroup are about $1\~10\;m$ in thickness.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.1 s.47
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• pp.12-26
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• 2007

We have studied orientational characteristics of vertical rift and grain planes developing in 108 quarries for Mesozoic granites. Orientations of these planes vary in different localities. In general, orientations of these planes are predominantly NNE in South Korea. From the regional distribution chart, orientations of these planes show three dominant sets in terms of frequency orders: (1) $N2{\sim}10^{\circ}E(1st-order),\;(2)\;N15{\sim}25^{\circ}E(2nd-order),\;(3)\;N45{\sim}70^{\circ}E,\;N10{\sim}30^{\circ}W\;and\;N70{\sim}80^{\circ}W(3rd-order)$. These granite quarries are classified by the relative difference in the easiness of rock splitting between horizontal and vertical quarrying planes into: R-type, G-type, and H-type. The results showed that quarries for Triassic granites belong to R and G-types;those for Jurassic granites belong to R, G and H-types. In addition, quarries for Cretaceous granites belong mainly to R-type. Among these quarry types, the most diverse type was identified in the quarries for Jurassic granites. R-type (77.8%) shows a higher distribution ratio compared with G and H-types (22.2%). In general, anisotropy of physical properties is found in granitic rocks and there exists close correlation between orientations of granitic rock splitting planes and those of the open microcracks. Meanwhile, it has been reported that preferred orientations of open microcracks suggest maxinum principal stress orientations.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.56-58
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• 2001

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2014

This paper describes the influence of rainfall on contamination at stream around the developed quarry. The investigation results are analyzed to evaluate the relationship rainfall and heavy metals (or water pollution). In the relationship rainfall and heavy metals, the result showed that the heavy metal contaminations are caused by boulder stone, waste residue and stone sludge, which is reacted with the direct contamination source, in the burried layer. It also found that the water flow change of stream according to the rainfall increase affected the large effect to a contamination level of heavy metal. the water pollution was increased by time changed from the rainy season to the dry season. That is, a lot of suspended solids had been discharge from the developed quarry due to rainfall increase, and then pollution level of water increases as the undercurrent of suspended solids is generated in stream due to rainfall decrease. Therefore, it analyzed that continuous causes of heavy metal contamination and water pollution in stream are materials in the burried layer and a discharge of pollution source from the developed quarry due to rainfall.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.57-66
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• 2010

This study is described in heavy metal pollution by the stony mountain development using field case. The heavy metal pollution is investigated for nearby area (soil and stream) of the developed stony mountain, and then the countermeasure using contamination analysis is suggested. The investigation result indicated that contamination of Sammak stream caused by the stone dust and leachate at the stony mountain development. Therefore, the heavy metal pollution is evaluated by using Pollution Index(PI). The evaluation results confirmed that the contaminated groundwater was the leading cause of the contamination in Sammak stream and nearby soil. Therefore, the Permeable Reaction Barrier(PRB), which has a environmentally-friendly reactant, should be applied to control a heavy metal of groundwater, and it will be a reasonable countermeasure.

• Cement Symposium
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• no.14
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• pp.55-62
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• 1986

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.315-332
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• 2010

All of the water and stone-dust samples with or without flocculant, in and around quarry mines, were analyzed for total concentrations of heavy metals, cyanide(CN), toxic organic compounds and organic phosphorus. Extraction experiments on stone-dust by EDTA and various pH solutions were also carried out, in order to evaluate the contaminant leaching from the long-term heaped stone-dust within quarry mines. The concentrations of $Cr^{6+}$, Hg, CN, TCE/PCE and total phosphorus in all samples (water and stone-dust) were under detection limits, confirming no environmental contamination from stone-dust in quarry mine areas. Lead and cadmium were not detected in all water samples. Copper and zinc were found in some water samples, and arsenic was detected in a few water samples. But they also showed levels much lower than the drinking water standard. Results of the extraction experiments by EDTA and pH solutions showed that Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu and Zn were leached out in less amounts or under detection limits. Arsenic was detected only at pH 3. From above results, we suggested that environmental contamination by quarry mine development is likely to be minor or negligible.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.209-231
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• 2015

In granite quarry, stones are generally quarried along easily separating planes called as 'rock cleavage'. Because orientation and characteristics of the rock cleavage are directly involved with easy quarrying, it is the most important factor on selecting a direction of digging. Using AMS (anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility), we attempt to interpret rock fabrics in Geochang Granite Stone (JS, SD, AR, GD, BW, MD quarry) and discuss about determination of rock cleavages and correlation between the rock fabrics and cleavages. Based on mean susceptibility, thermo-susceptibility curves, and hysteresis parameters, Ti-poor MD and/or PSD magnetites are the main contributor to AMS of the granite stones. The systematic magnetic foliations with sub-vertical dip angle are developed in the whole granite quarries. In most of the granite quarries, the magnetic foliations are significantly consistent with grain plane. In the BW quarry, which has higher $P_J$ values than the others, the magnetic foliations coincide exceptionally with rift plane. These results suggest that rock cleavages in granite stone are related to rock fabrics meaning shape and spatial arrangement of crystals. Magnetic fabrics analysis using AMS method, therefore, can be a quantitative and effective tool for determination of rock cleavages in granite quarry.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 1991

This experiment was conducted to establish shade-method suited to on tile artificial propagation of Lycoris radiata HERB. The ligilt intensity in the native habitatwas 30 kux in March and 3.2 Klux from June to sept. The average light intensityin tile open area was 137 Klux in June. The plant height and number of Ieaves wasgood at the 35% to 55% shadeing net. Bloonling time of Lycoris radiata HERB was inthe last of Sept. Yeild of bulb was increased in 35% to 55% of shadeing net.