• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 1990

본 해설에서는 윤활 오일에서 구리 반응 억제제와 철의 부식 억제제에 관한 내용을 검토한 것으로 자동산화 화정의 초기 생성과 연쇄적인 전파, 확산 및 종료 그리고 1차 및 2차 산화 억제제에 관해서 서술한 것이다. 구리 반응 억제제와 부식 억제 성질 및 작용이 고려되고 첨가제로써의 응용에 관해 조사하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3293-3302
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• 2015

This study was conducted to identify families' perception and attitude toward application of physical restraint(PR) in general neurological wards. The study is based on subjects from 70 family members who have cared patients applying PR. Data was collected using self-report questionnaires and reviewing of patients' medical records. 68.6% of subjects were female and the mean age was 47.9 years old. Family members were either sons, daughters or spouses. The questionnaires analyzed families' perceptions based on a score of 5, the results showed a mean score of 4.2, and items related to maintaining therapeutic tools scored the highest. The application of PR with two hands was perceived by families as more important than PR applied with one hand. In families' attitude toward PR, there was general agreement that families had the right to decide to apply and remove PR. Continuous education and information regarding PR is required to support families.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.581-590
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the perception of nurse's use of physical restraints. This study is a descriptive research study for 138 nurses who work at the small hospitals under 300 beds. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and factor analysis using the SPSS statistical program. The results of this study were as follows: The overall average of the nurses' perception of physical restraint was $3.91{\pm}0.54$, and the most important reason for using a physical restraint was to protect the patient from falling out of bed($4.37{\pm}0.68$). The factor analysis showed that 'behavior, psychological symptom management($3.81{\pm}0.67$)', 'maintain medical treatment($4.11{\pm}0.60$)' and 'patient safety($4.13{\pm}0.63$)'. It is necessary to understand the characteristics and factors of nurse's use of physical restraint in small and medium hospitals. Moreover, it is also required to use minimum physical restraints for patient's safeties and rights based on accurate understanding of physical restraint's use. Therefore, it is needed to provide job training for the physical restraint that is used in various situations and to develop education and intervention program to adjust in nurses' situation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.452-458
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• 2016

This is a descriptive study on visiting caregivers' perception of restraint use. Data were collected from 113 caregivers working at long-term facilities using a structured questionnaire from Feb to March 2016. The caregivers' perception of restraint use was the medium score. The items they considered the most important reasons for the restraints was "Protecting an older person from falling out of bed", which was primarily intended to prevent accidents of the elderly. The score of the knowledge of restraint use was 11.23 points out of 18 and those affected were more than 50 years of age. The attitude score to the use restraints was 9.19, and caregivers thought it should be possible to refrain from using restraints. Work experience of 3 years or less were higher. The perception of using restraints is affected by the knowledge and attitudes of restraint use. This is very important for the elderly in long-term care facilities and is related to health and human rights. Therefore, it is important to provide continuous education related to the use of restraints and regulations on their management.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2009

This paper reviews many of the design considerations surrounding the topic of tiedback landslide suppressor walls primarily for soils app1ications. The design requires combining knowledge of many aspects of soil mechanics and geology to obtain a design a wall that fits site specific conditions. Many of the aspects necessary to complete the design are stil1 not comprehensively studied or understood. This paper provides an overview of the more traditional aspects of tieback wall design and a discussion of newer issues such as suppressor wall earth pressures and rotation of stresses due to tiebacks. An overview is also provided regarding the effect of seismic forces.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.529-537
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• 2021

Although the use of physical restraints is controversial, it is still commonly used in hospitalized patients to prevent patient accidents in clinical practice. It is, therefore, necessary to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, perception, and nursing practices related to the use of physical restraints. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in which self-administered questionnaires were collected from 144 nursing students at two Universities. Descriptive statistics, including t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression, were applied to analyze the data collected. Our results reveal that the mean knowledge score of nursing students regarding the use of physical restraints was 11.55±2.81, the mean attitude score was 60.01±7.24, the mean perception score was 59.97±10.68, and the mean nursing practice score was 38.04±4.15. Significant positive correlations were observed between nursing practice and knowledge, attitude, and perception. Multiple regression analysis showed that the factors significantly related to nursing practice and the use of physical restraints were perception (β=.23, p=.005) and attitude (β=.21, p=.009), having a total explained variance of 13.0%. The findings from this study suggest that perception is the strongest predictor of the use of physical restraints in nursing practice. Thus, it is necessary to develop and apply an evidence-based educational intervention program to ensure that nursing students correctly understand the need for physical restraints and later use them appropriately in clinical practice.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.167-174
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• 2019

The propose od this study was to examine the extent of using physical restraint on elderly patients (over 65 years old) and who were patients in long-term care hospitals. The data was collected, from March 3 2018 to March 29 2018, from the electronic nursing records by using a recording tool, and clinical observation was also used for assessing the use of physical restraint and the related factors. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients and logistic regression were then performed. The usage rate for physical restraints in long-term care hospital was 83.7%, and the most common type of physical restraint was side rails. The use of physical restraints showed a positive correlation with the fall risk scores and a negative correlation with the MMSE. Logistic regression analysis showed that the Fall Risk Score (OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.01~1.03), MMSE (OR=0.94, CI=0.88~0.99) and the use of medical devices (OR=0.80, 95% CI=0.65~0.98) were related with using physical restraints. Therefore, it was confirmed that physical restraint was used in cases of a high risk of falling, severe cognitive impairment and the use of complex and fragile medical devices to treat the patient. Clinical nursing practice should be changed so that treatment alternatives can be applied for elderly patients rather than using too many physical restraints.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.526-534
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• 2019

This study was undertaken to identify knowledge, attitude, perception and nursing practice toward use of physical restraints, among nurses in long-term care hospitals. We further explored the impact of factors associated with nursing practice toward use of physical restraints. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in which self-administered questionnaires were collected from 128 nurses working at 11 long-term care hospitals. Descriptive statistics, including t-test, one-way ANOVA, Welch's test, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression, were applied to analyze the data collected. Our results reveal that the participants possess moderate levels of knowledge, attitude, perception and nursing practice toward use of physical restraints. Significant positive correlations were observed between nursing practice and knowledge. Multiple regression analysis showed that the factors significantly related to nursing practice and use of physical restraint were knowledge (${\beta}=0.27$, p=0.002) and attitude (${\beta}=-0.17$, p=0.044), having a total explained variance of 9.0%. The findings from this study suggest that knowledge is the strongest predictor on nursing practice toward use of physical restraints. Thus, we propose that developing and applying evidence-based educational intervention programs to reduce the use of physical restraints in long-term care hospitals are required.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.361-364
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• 2015

본 논문은 전기사업법 제61조의 공사계획인가 및 신고대상인 차단기에 대하여 동법 제63조에 의거해 실시하는 사용전검사의 항목 및 검사수행 방법에 대하여 서술하였다. 차단기는 전력계통을 이상전압에서 보호하기 위한 밀폐형 개폐장치로서 전기사업용 전기설비인 변전소에 설치되는 차단기는 대부분 GIS(Gas Insulated Switchgear)화 되고 있는 실정이다. GIS는 정상전류의 차단, 설비사고의 억제 및 파급사고 확산방지에 중추적인 역할을 수행하고 있기 때문에 그 중요성은 더욱 더 높아지고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 이에 핵심 전력설비인 GIS의 사용전 검사항목 및 검사수행 방법을 고찰함으로써 안정적인 전력공급과 전력계통의 신뢰도 제고에 기여하고자 한다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.424-428
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• 2001

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is a relatively common eye disease in the dog, Reduction or arrest of aqueous tear production by lacrimal glands results in quantitative alteration of the precorneal tear film (PTF) and KCS may result. A dog with a presumptive diagnosis of KCS referred was used for the study of KCS. Cytological and histopathologic examination is performed, and the various types of medical and surgical treatment are studied, including the operation of parotid duct transposition (PDT). This report described unilateral KCS in a dog of unknown etiology who responded to PDT.