• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.13-18
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• 1998

전기로 제강분진의 물성을 파악하기 위하여 분진의 성분, 형상, 입도, 자성, 비중, 공극율 및 용출에 관한 성질을 조사하였다. 분진의 대부분은 서브 마이크론에서 수십 마이크론에 이르는 다양한 크기의 구형입자들이 서로 응집된 상태이고, 큰 입자에는 철분이 그리고 작은 입자에는 아연이 주로 농집되며, XRD 분석으로는 franklinite(${ZnFe}_{2}{O}_{4}$), magnetite(${Fe}_{3}{O}_{4}$), zincite(ZnO) 등의 결정이 확인된다. 분진을 습식으로 체가름하였을 때에 +200 mesh의 입단은 1.5% 정도이고 magnetite와 quartz의 결정을 함유하며, 200∼500 mesh는 magnetite, franklinite, zincite가 혼재되고, 분진의 약 82%를 차지하는 -500 mesh에는 franklinite와 zincite의 결정이 혼재한다. 공극율이 78% 정도인 분진을 약 1㎪로 압착하면 공극율은 68% 정도가 되고, 약 13㎪로 압착하면 53% 정도로 된다. 제강분진을 폐기물 처리공정 시험방법에 따라 용출시켰을 때에 허용기준치를 초과한 중금속은 카드뮴, 납, 수은이었다.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Respiratory face masks are protective facepieces that are designed to filter inhaled air. They are easy-to-use devices that can protect the wearer against various hazardous particles in the air. Respiratory face masks also prevent the spread of viruses and bacteria-containing droplets that are released from the coughing or sneezing of the infected people. During the COVID-19 pandemic, various types of face masks have circulated on the market. Their ability to filter sub-micron particles, which are the sizes of harmful particulate matter and airborne viruses, needs to be investigated. Their breathability, the easiness of breath through the mask, also needs to be considered. In this study, wwe evaluated the performance of filters used for different types of face masks certified by different standards including Korean (KF94, KF80, KF-AD), USA (N95), and Chinese (KN95) standards. We also tested the filters of nanofiber masks and surgical masks for which there are no standards for filtration test. The N95 mask filters showed the highest quality factor for capturing virus-sized particles. The other types of mask filters have acceptable performance except for nanofiber mask filters whose performance is very low.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.323-332
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• 1997

It was reported by some researchers that two-stage parallel-plate ESPs, commonly called electronic air cleaners, show decreasing behavior of collection efficiency as particle size decreases below about $0.03{\mu}m$. This phenomenon is attributed to partial particle charging characteristics, where some of incoming particles are not charged in the charging cell of 2-stage parallel-plate ESP. One way to improve the decreasing collection efficieny in that particle size range is to enforce particle charging quantity in the charging cell. In the present study, in order to do this a 2-wire series-type charging cell modified from a 1-wire normal-type one was suggested and investigated theoretically and experimentally concerning improvement of the collection efficiency. It was confirmed from the experimental and theoretical works that the collection efficiency was apparently improved.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1734-1743
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• 2003

Aerosol generator using an electrically heated tube furnace is a stable apparatus to supply nanometer sized aerosols by using the evaporation and condensation processes. Using this method, we can generate highly concentrated polydisperse aerosols with relatively narrow size distribution. In this work, characteristics of particle size distribution, generated from a tube furnace, were experimentally investigated. We evaluated effects of several operation parameters on particle generation: temperature in the tube furnace, air flow rates through the tube, size of boat containing solid sodium chloride(NaCl). As the temperature increased, the geometric mean diameter increased and the total number concentration also increased. Dilution with air affected the size distribution of the particles due to coagulation. A smaller sized boat, which has small surface area to contact with air, brings smaller particles of narrow size distribution in comparison of that of a larger boat. Finally, we changed the electrical mobility diameter of aggregate sodium chloride particles by varying relative humidity of dilution air, and obtained non-aggregate sodium chloride particles, which are easy to generate exact monodisperse particles.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.2116-2121
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• 2008

Removal of particles at rich $CO_2$ condition has been important in the gas cleaning for $CO_2$ capture in Oxy-fuel combustion. Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) have been widely used to remove particles in exhaust gases from present air combustion. However, few studies on characteristics of ESPs under a $CO_2$ rich gas condition have been conducted. In this study, we investigated integration of electrostatic precipitators (ESP) for removing submicron particles along with corona discharge characteristics and collection efficiency of submicron particles at $CO_2$ rich condition. The overall performance of ESP is represented by collection efficiency as function of energy consumption. The experiment results showed that higher the concentration of $CO_2$ gas, the corona discharge currents were lower at the same applied voltages and the spark over occurred at lower voltages, and the collection efficiency of submicron particles under 50, 80% $CO_2$ conditions was much lower than that under 100% Air.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.504-511
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• 2005

The generation of fine relics of inorganic and metallic materials from precursor suspensions is of significant current interest as it holds the key to the fabrication of display and printed circuit board. Some novel printing methods depositing ceramic particles have been suggested in recent years. When a conducting liquid is supplied to a capillary nozzle at a low flow rate and when the interface between air and the liquid is charged to a sufficiently high electrical potential, the liquid meniscus takes the form of a stable cone, whose apex emits a microscopic jet. This is called as a cone-jet mode. In our experiments, an alumina particles flowing through a nozzle were subjected to electro-hydrodynamic printing in the cone-jet mode. The pattern of 'YONSEI' characters was tested at $10 {\mu}l/min$ of alumina ink flow rate and different applied voltages. At an applied voltage of 6 kV, feature size was in the range of $250 {\mu}m.$

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2019

In this study, a serial methodology is presented for estimating the effective density of ambient sub-micron aerosol employing lab-made 1 stage low-pressure impactor of Hyun et al. (2015) and SMPS (Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer) together. The effective density from this methodology (Impactor+SMPS) was compared with another methodology (BAM+SMPS) for estimating the effective density employing BAM (Beta-Attenuation Monitor) and SMPS. As a result, the effective density obtained with impactor+SMPS ranged from $0.42g/cm^3$ to $2.36g/cm^3$, while the effective density obtained with BAM+SMPS ranged from $1.01g/cm^3$ to $1.72g/cm^3$. The difference between these results might be caused by the particle loss in the impactor.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 습식 분극을 통하여 Si 다결정의 입자 크기를 조절을 하였으며, 입자 크기에 따른 Si 음극활물질의 용량 및 수명 특성 변화를 관찰하였다. 진동밀로 분쇄한 Si 입자를 습식법으로 분급한 시료의 입도를 분석한 결과 Si의 불균일한 입자 분포가 균일하게 조절이 되었다. Si를 24시간 분급한 시료의 d₅₀이 0.50 ㎛로 감소하였다. 전기화학적 특성 분석 결과, 입자 크기의 감소로 인하여 전극 내의 저항을 나타내는 R_ct 값이 현저하게 줄어들었다.분급하지 않은 Si 시료는 첫 사이클에서 2,869 mAh/g의 방전용량을 나타내었고, 100 사이클 후에는 85.7 mAh/g으로 방전용량이 감소하였다. Si를 24시간 분급한 시료의 경우에 초기에는 3,394 mAh/g의 용량을 보였으며, 100사이클 후에는 1,726 mAh/g의 용량을 유지하였다. 결과적으로 Si 입자의 크기가 감소할수록 방전용량이 증가하였으며, 사이클 수명도 증가하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.186-192
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• 2006

We applied a new charging system using the condensation and evaporation method to charge the submicron particles with a uniform charging performance. The monodispersed NaCl submicron particles were condensed by n-butanol vapor and grew up to micron droplets with a same size, regardless of their initial size. Those condensed droplets were charged in an indirect corona charger. The indirect corona charger consisted of the ion generation zone and the particle charging zone. In the ion generation zone, Ions were generated by corona discharge and some of them moved into the particle charging zone by a carrier gas and mixed with the condensed droplet. And finally, the charged and condensed droplets dried through an evaporator to shrink to their original size. The average charge and penetration rate of the particles before and after evaporation were measured by CPC and aerosol electrometer and compared with those of a conventional corona charger. The results showed that the average charge was $5\~7$ charges and the penetration rate was over $90\%$, regardless of the initial particle size.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2001

This paper reports on the charge distribution measurements of submicron particles for three different charging mechanisms, which are spray electrification, bipolar ionization and corona discharge process, respectively. The number of elementary charges per particle was investigated by classifying and counting of a discrete mobility class. Charge distribution measurements were performed with NaCl particles generated from a collision atomizer for 0.01, 0.1, 1% NaCl solutions. Experimental results show than charge level of atomized NaCl particles is high and decreases with increasing the dissolved ion concentration. The charge level of the atomized NaCl particles can be reduced to that o Boltzmann equilibrium conditions by the bipolar ionization(Po(sup)210 bipolar ionizer). The charge level on NaCl particles passing through the corona discharge reactor is much higher than those of atomized or bipolar ionized NaCl particles. The evaluation of these measurements results in charge distribution of the submicron particles.