• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.255-275
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• 2013

The purpose of the study is to examine compliance criteria for documents of the Letter of Credit(L/C) by the Korean Supreme Court in practical use. The judgement criteria of the court in documents' examination is supported by the doctrine of strict compliance. And, in examination of documents by the Supreme Court, the difference between documents presented and the credit should be followed by the allowance of international standard banking practices. In this case, the Supreme Court makes a reference for ICC's opinion or decision proposed as the international standard banking practices, or otherwise admit by exploring the practices. However, when documents reviewing by the bankers' auditors, it is very difficult for them to judge in a short time due to the lack of high level of knowledges and insights. As shown the cases of this study, the doctrine of strict compliance of an L/C be relaxed, and most of the recent precedents be ruled by the exception of the doctrine. Because, therefore, it is difficult for to documents reviewers of bank to judge these consistencies, conducting arbitrary document review will be inevitable. As a result, it will be difficult for banks and applicants to ensure the strictness of the documents, and free use of L/Cs in international transactions will be avoided. Finally, the expanded usage of the electronic negotiation system that simplifies the highly difficult compliance criteria to ensure the strictness of documents will be needed, and not only be eradicated the acts of arbitrary documents examination practices, but also be promoted the freely usage of L/Cs.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.241-265
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to examine the Banks's Examination of Documents in the L/C Transactions. Most of all, this article deals with one of most important aspects of the law on documentary credits, namely, the compliance of documents presented with the terms and conditions of a letter of credit. In addition, the general principles of strict compliance will be considered and in the next, the requirements of specific documents such as invoices, transport documents and insurance policies. This area of letter of credit law is shaped not only by judge-made decisions but also the articles of Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, the International Standard Banking Practice(ISBP Publication No.745) prepared by the Banking Committee of the International Chamber of Commerce as well as the position papers and opinions of the latter. Whether a document complies with the terms of a letter of credit is essentially a matter of examination and construction of the document in question against the terms of the letter of credit under which it is presented, articles of the UCP, ISBP as well as the opinions and statements of the Banking Committee. Most of all this article was focused on provisions of UCP600. Comparison with provisions of UCP500 have been drawn where appropriate.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.203-221
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• 2014

ICC Banking Commission have approved the new version of ISBP for UCP 600(Publication 745) on April 17, 2013. This is called the ISBP 745. This revised version of ISBP includes a lot of shipping documents including bill of exchange. These shipping documents stated in the ISBP 745, especially the certificate of origin is the document necessary for carrying out the customs formalities in FTA era. Particularly, practitioners such as bankers, buyers and sellers, lawyers, freight forwarders and carriers in import and export transactions have to know the UCP 600 and ISBP 745 (2013) thoroughly in order to avoid the disputes due to discrepancies of the documents with the terms and conditions of the credit. The purpose of this article is to reduce the disputes occurred in the credit transaction by providing the examination criteria and case study of the certificate of origin in ISBP 745.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.7
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• pp.682-724
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• 1994

• Digital Contents
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• no.9 s.100
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• pp.84-85
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• 2001

정보보호전문업체의 지정심사에 관한 고시에서는 시행규칙의 위임을 받아 제출서류의 서식, 업무수행능력심사의 세부평가기준, 정보보호관리규정의 주요내용 등 정보보호전문업체의 지정심사에 필요한 세부사항을 규정하고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.660-661
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• 2023

대한민국에서의 채용과정은 각 기업마다 절차가 상이하지만 대부분 서류심사, 필기시험, 면접 단계를 걸쳐 선발하게 된다. 서류심사와 필기시험은 개별의 노력으로 내용을 개선할 수 있지만, 면접의 경우에는 준비단계에서의 철저한 준비가 필요하다. 이러한 면접의 준비 과정에서의 어려움을 덜어내고자 딥러닝을 활용하여 면접 프로그램을 개발하게 되었다.

• 한국무역상무학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.12a
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• pp.5-25
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• 2006

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.13-26
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 eUCP에서 전자자료 제시의 기준과 심사기준을 중심으로 연구하였다. 전자자료 제시의 장소, 제시의 방법에 대한 기준과 제시시기 및 전자제시에 대한 인증에서 발생하는 문제점을 제기하고 심사기간의 기준과 하이퍼링크방식의 전자자료에 대한 심사기준, 훼손된 전자기록에 대한 심사기준을 분석하였으며, 전자가록의 거절의 방법과 그에 대한 응답에 관련된 내용을 분석하였다. 전자제시의 문제점으로서 표준양식의 문제, 전자제시자의 면책의 문제, 환어음 유통성의 문제, 서류 심사기간, 인증기관과 방법에 관한 문제에 대하여 분석하여 해결방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국무역상무학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.12a
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• pp.9-72
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• 2002

• 한국무역상무학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.12a
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• pp.117-150
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• 2006