• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.365-373
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• 2020

Biomonitoring Survey and Assessment Manual for lake ecosystem suggest zooplankton collection methods to compare relatively the number of species, population density, and community indices, taking into account the convenience of the field sampling according to the sites' water depth. In this study, the oblique towing and 20 m vertical towing methods presented in the manual were respectively compared with the whole water column-vertical towing and we analyzed the differences and characteristics of zooplankton community information gathered by each collection method. For community indices, there was no difference in the comparison of oblique/vertical towing methods in the shallow lake, but in the deep lake, the diversity and richness indices increased when vertically towing through whole water column rather than when limiting the towing depth to 20 m. In addition, the total zooplankton density collected by the oblique/20 m vertical towing methods was about three times higher than the whole water column-vertical towing method, which means that the density of zooplankton community can be overestimated depending on the collection methods. It appears to be results of differences in the zooplankton density by water layer arising from their vertical distribution and in filtered raw water quantity according to the towing depth/distance. Hence, for zooplankton community information to be used as a functional quantitative indicator representing the entire lake, it would be more appropriate to apply the whole water column-vertical towing method with considering the distribution of zooplankton density by depth and contribution rate of each water layer when converting total zooplankton density.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

This study compared and reviewed the recognition determinants by applying the OECMs criteria, focusing on old big trees, plant of natural monument that are natural heritage under the national heritage system of the Cultural Heritage Administration, and the results are as follows. First, among the protected areas designated and managed by government agencies according to each protection purpose, it is necessary to actively introduce new conservation measures, OECMs, to fulfill the Biodiversity strategy for 2030 while the land area is already saturated. Second, the OECMs are geographically defined areas(CBD, 2018), not currently recognized as a protected areas, governed and managed in a way that achieves positived sustained and effective contribution to in situ conservation of biodiversity. Since the selection of term, the scope of application criteria, and the context of interpretation are inevitably different, it is necessary to separately legislate and establish related laws of the OECMs suitable for each country's situation. Third, as a result of reviewing the OECMs criteria for plant of natural monument, the final 58 potential resources were recognized. Important elements among the OECMs criteria are that buffer zones should be spaced apart from designated zones to secure a certain area, and that economic activities through commercial production should not occur and meet biodiversity standards. Among the potential candidates, 23 areas were analyzed to be geographically isolated and independent, such as Forest of Oriental Arborvitae in Do-dong, Daegu, and forest types such as Carstor Aralia of Gungchon-ri, Samcheok and Forest of Common Camellias in Maryang-ri, Seocheon. As a result of reviewing the application of OECMs criteria for plant of natural monument, it was confirmed that the functions as a traditional uses were specialized among the values of biodiversity, and ecosystem services and cultural and spiritual values were inherited through Korea's unique culture of old big trees and Dangsan ritual. In terms of biodiversity criteria, it can be used as an important factor in connecting human and natural ecosystem networks without the discovery of new species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.103-114
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is classifying stream into different types depending on various factor from the perspective of stream corridor restoration and using it as basic data, which are used to consider efficient management and planning for the healthy stream according to the characteristic by types. In this study, 130 points of location of the Nakdong river basin which consist of various geographic factors have been chosen and hierarchical cluster analysis has been carried out in these points by using biological and physiochemical factors whose health can be considered to be predicted and evaluated. As a result of cluster analysis, there were three divided types. Type A whose biology and water quality are considered the best was the highest in forest area percentage so that it was classified into natural stream. Type B was classified into a rural region stream with a mixture of urban and agricultural region. Type C, with the most damaged water quality and biology health had the most urban region surface area and was named as urban region stream. Moreover, an overall restoration strategy according to characteristic by stream types was set. By the results of correlation analysis on factors, water quality showed a high correlation with biological properties and was affected by surrounding land usage. In evaluation of streams, it proves the need to consider not only other habitat's geographical and biological factors but also the water quality and land usage factors. There needs to be further research on stream ecosystem functionality factors and structural aspects by using a more objective and total evaluation result in selecting additional index and various other specific classification methods by stream types and its restoration strategies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.555-560
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• 2014

In Korea, quantitative growth rate of artificial reef construction is supposed to reach the peak point therefore, new approach is needed to the point of artificial reefs business. Functional reefs like shellfish reefs, recreational reefs, seaweed reefs as well as fish reefs are beneficial alternatives. This study conducted hydraulic testing to assess the stability of new types of artificial reefs (ARs) constructed to promote the growth of shellfish and seaweed. The results of this study revealed that some dimensionless design parameters affected the stability of new types of artificial reef under various wave and water depth conditions in the fixed bed condition. The findings also highlight the importance of hydraulic experiments in solving problems that have emerged in the design and construction of artificial reefs.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1213-1216
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• 2017

Recently due to the increasing uncertainty of the disaster environment caused by climate change the effects of disasters have become larger due to the confluence and solidification diversification into disaster type and secondary damage. In this paper, we apply ICBMS through intelligent information technology and big data analysis to all processes of disaster safety management to minimize human, social, economic and environment damage from accidents or disasters, and prevention by control technology preparation by education and training expansion to remember by body, response by advanced technology of disaster response unmanned technology restoration by creation of local community environment ecosystem, investigation and analysis by intelligent information technology learn about disaster safety management 4.0. In addition, technical limitation and problems in the $4^{th}$ industrial revolution and the application of big data were analyzed and suggested alternatives and strategies to overcome.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.175-185
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• 2015

This article focuses on an analysis of entrepreneurship education programs at U.S. college and universities in order to determine distinctive features of those programs. To this end, we delved into the entrepreneurship programs including Martin Trust Center for MIT, Harvard University VIP program, Polsky Center of Chicago University and Stanford University program. By analyzing major roles, curriculums, and characteristics of the programs, three types of distinctive features emerged. The first feature is dynamic education-focused programs, which provide students with opportunities for applying what they have learned through startup competitions. The second is local-based programs, which take the lead in local startups by focusing on the local industry. The third is the programs with support and encouragement for startups. Based on the three types of features, we suggested critical factors for successful entrepreneurship education.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.5327-5332
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• 2014

In Korea, the quantitative growth rate of artificial reef construction is supposed to reach the peak point. Therefore, new approach is needed to the point of artificial reefs business. Functional reefs, such as shellfish reefs, recreational reefs, seaweed reefs, and fish reefs, are beneficial alternatives. This study conducted hydraulic testing to assess the stability of corrugated artificial reefs (ARs) that were constructed to promote the growth of shellfish and seaweed. The results of this study showed that some dimensionless design parameters affected the stability of corrugated artificial reefs under a range of wave and water depth conditions in a fixed bed condition. The findings also highlight the importance of hydraulic experiments in solving the problems that have emerged in the design and construction of artificial reefs.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.713-726
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• 2004

This paper aims to investigate the characteristics of innovation activities and informal networks of venture companies in Daegu region. The most important knowledge source of them for innovation is in house. The next are customers, competitors, and public supporters. And it was investigated that regional venture companies have participated in 1-5 informal network organizations. They primarily achieve such knowledges as, technologies, new business opportunities, and marketing information, through participation in informal networks. The reasons why they have taken part in informal networks are to get new informations and acquire new business opportunities. Particularly The informal networks between ventures companies and other regional economic actors have helped the regional venture companies to obtain more economic performance and to establish social capital, such as faith, with other economic actors.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.48-48
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• 2018

본 연구는 우리나라 산림습원의 식물종 다양성을 보존하기 위한 일환으로 충북지역 산림습원 34개소에 분포하는 관속식물 현황을 파악하고자 수행하였다. 현지조사는 2017년 4월부터 10월까지 7개월 동안 수행하였다. 조사 결과 충북지역 산림습원에 분포하는 관속식물은 총 98과 312속 502종 5아종 71변종 587분류군으로 충북지역 전체 식물상 약 1,241분류군의(국립수목원 한국관속식물분포도, 2016) 47.3%로 나타났다. 습지에 출현하는 빈도에(수생태사업단 우리나라습지생태계 관속식물의 유형분류, 2012) 따라 구분한 결과 절대습지식물은 물꽈리아재비, 큰고양이수염, 통발, 벗풀, 올챙이고랭이, 택사 등 27분류군, 임의습지식물은 버드나무, 쉽싸리, 물억새, 이삭사초, 부처꽃, 비녀골풀, 솔발울고랭이, 양뿔사초, 진퍼리새 등 51분류군이다. 또한 습원과 육지에서 동시 출현하는 양생식물은 모시물통이, 왕미꾸리광이, 물양지꽃, 좀고추나물, 감자개발나물, 참삿갓사초 등 29분류군, 임의육상식물은 쇠뜨기, 고비, 고추나물, 방동사니, 강계큰물통이, 오리새, 처녀바디 등 25분류군, 절대육상식물은 애기탑꽃, 좀진고사리, 옥잠난초, 물들메나무, 뻐국나리, 진범, 범꼬리 등 88분류군으로 확인되었다. 특히 절대습지식물 중 애기물꽈리아재비, 큰고양이수염, 개쉽싸리, 통발, 송이고랭이, 올방개아재비, 흰고양이수염 등 11분류군은 충북내에서 새롭게 분포가 확인되었다. 산림청 지정 희귀식물은 양뿔사초(CR), 애기물꽈리아재비(VU), 통발(VU) 등 16분류군, 한국특산식물은 키버들, 강계큰물통이, 물들메나무, 넓은잎각시붓꽃 등 19분류군이다. 식물구계학적 특정식물로는 V등급 통발 등 3분류군, IV등급 왜방풍 등 9분류군, III등급 음양고비 등 18분류군, II등급 12분류군, I등급 30분류군이 확인되었다. 외래식물은 큰닭의덩굴, 미국자리공, 붉은서나물 등 27분류군으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.221-227
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• 2013

Cybersquatting is a type of conflicts between a trademark and a domain, and refers to "behaviors of registering, retaining, transferring, and using the identical or similar domain name in bad faith for the profit from the mark such as trademark". That is, it is preoccupying behavior to abuse the fact that the domain name in the Internet can be freely registered on a first come, first served basis and can't duplicate. Though this should be prohibited, given the reality that most of our daily lives are based in the Internet, this is creating many problems in IT environment beyond social structure in rule of law. Therefore, this study has the purpose that it provides cybersquatting-related information and suggests legislative implications hereafter through the analysis of cybersquatting-related precedent from the Supreme Court.