• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2006

Biofeedback training to increase the amplitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia(RSA) maximally increases the amplitude of heart rate variability(HRV) only in respiratory rate at approximately 0.1Hz. To perform this task, people slow their breathing to this rate to point where resonance occur between respiratory sinus arrhythmia(RSA) and oscillation that naturally occur at this rate, probably triggered in part by baroreflex activity. The biofeedback technique allows each individual to breathe at a rate that is specifically adapted to the rhythms of his or her own body. A manual is presented for carrying out this method.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 1989

After administration of $^{99m}TC,\;^{67}Ga,\;^{131}I,\;^{32}P\;and\;^{238}U(UO_2(NO_2)_3{\cdot}6H_2O)$, in male rats, toxic effects were examined by determining the biological materials in blood. Dosages of radio-nuclides injected are based on the amounts routinely administered to patients, and concentrations of BUN, creatinine, SGOT, SGPT and $PGE_2$ in plasma are determinated as indices to the biochemical response. No increase of creatinine was observed after injection of $^{99m}TC$. Concentrations of BUN, SGOT and $PGE_2$ were not significantly increased in comparison with before-administration. Administration of $^{67}Ga,\;^{131}I\;and\;^{32}P$, did not significantly change BUN, SGPT and SGOT, but largely increased $PGE_2$ than control levels. Besides, $^{238}U$ Showed the most severe toxicity. From the above results, we suggest that the determination of $PGE_2$ in plasma can be used as an index in case of elvaluating the effects of radiation toxicity by nuclides used in nuclear medicine.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.168-174
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• 2015

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease, which is mainly characterized by disease of joints affected with synovial hyperplasia, pathological immune response, and progressive destruction; all of which represent an important social health problem. These provide new insights in its pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis and disease progression in molecular changes. This review focuses on new serological and immunological markers which seem to be useful in early diagnosis and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, such tests are widely conducted for serological biomarkers and the developments with such immunological factors to identify patients who are at risk for disease progression. This evidence of the disease based on laboratory medicine could provide the best outcome for patients. Finally, data from recent studies will help to refine the ultimate usefulness of this novel approach for early diagnosis, treatment, and helping clinicians to optimize therapy by using this approach.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2012

The loudness dependence of the auditory evoked potential (LDAEP) has been proposed as a valid biomarker of central serotoninergic activity in humans. The specificity and sensitivity of the LDAEP to changes in serotonergic neurotransmission have recently been explored in many studies about pharmacology and genetics. The majority of evidence for an association between the LDAEP and serotonin activity has come from animal studies. Genetic association studies with the LDAEP have provided conflicting reports with additional evidence outlining sensitivity to other neurotransmitter systems including the dopamine and glutamatergic systems. The LDAEP has been revealed to reflect the pathophysiology of various psychiatric illnesses. There is supporting evidence that major psychiatric disorders have differential LDAEP activities. Overall, the LDAEP shows strong evidence as a potential predictor of antidepressant treatment response. It need to be explored whether the LDAEP could be a biological marker of various psychiatric diseases and treatment prediction of antidepressants and serotonin related drugs.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.195-207
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• 1999

1. PURPOSE This research is a study on constitutional diagnosis through the external appearances, and for finding shape differences of the hand and foot according to the Sasang Constitution. 2. Method We collected 148 person who were healthy and measured length, breadth, circumference and thickness of their hands and feet with 'The Measurement of R. Martin'. We analyzed shape differences of hand and foot according to the Sasang Constitution and made a certain conclusion. 3. Results and Conclusions We got the morphologic characteristics of hand and foot according to the Sasang Constitution. (1) The physical characteristics. The weight is heaviest in Taeumin. (2) The morphologic characteristics of Hand. (1) The wrist circumference is longest in Taeumin. (2) The finger length / hand length(ratio) is higher Soeumin than Taeumin. (3) The wrist breadth is largest in Taeumin(only male). (4) The wrist breadth is larger Taeumin than Soeumin(only female). (5) The palm length is longer Taeumin than Soyangin(only male). (6) The maximum hand breadth is larger Taeumin than Soeumi (only male). (7) The 2nd, 3rd and 4th finger length is longer Soeumin than Soyangin(only male). (3) The morphologic characteristics of Foot. (1) The foot thickness is thickest in Taeumin. (2) The foot breadth is largest in Taeumin. (3) The ankle circumference is longest in Taeumin(only male).

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.203-210
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• 2003

PET (positron emission tomography) permits the investigation of physiological and biochemical processes in vivo. The accuracy of quantifying PET data is affected by its finite spatial resolution, which causes partial volume effects. In this study, we developed a method for partial volume correction using Hoffman phantom PET and MR data, and applied various FWHM (full width at half maximum) levels. We also applied this method to PET images of normal controls and tested for the possibility of clinical application. $^{18}$ F-PET Hoffman phantom images were co-registered to MR slices. The gray matter and white matter regions were then segmented into binary images. Each binary image was convolved by 4, 8, 12, 16 mm FWHM levels. These convolved images of gray and white matter were merged corresponding to the same level of FWHM. The original PET images were then divided by the convolved binary images voxel-by-voxel. These corrected PET images were multiplied by binary images. The corrected PET images were evaluated by analyzing regions of interests, which were drawn on the gray and white matter regions of the original MR image slices. We calculated the ratio of white to gray matter. We also applied this method to the PET images of normal controls. On analyzing the corrected PET images of Hoffman phantom, the ratios of the corrected images increased more than that of the uncorrected images. With the normal controls, the ratio of the corrected images increased more than that of the uncorrected images. The ratio increase of the corrected PET images was lower than that of the corrected phantom PET images. In conclusion, the method developed for partial volume correction in PET data may be clinically applied, although further study may be required for optimal correction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.455-461
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• 2021

Cardiomegaly is one of the most common diseases seen on chest X-rays, but if it is not detected early, it can cause serious complications. In view of this, in recent years, many researches on image analysis in which deep learning algorithms using artificial intelligence are applied to medical care have been conducted with the development of various science and technology fields. In this paper, we would like to evaluate whether the Inception V3 deep learning model is a useful model for the classification of Cardiomegaly using chest X-ray images. For the images used, a total of 1026 chest X-ray images of patients diagnosed with normal heart and those diagnosed with Cardiomegaly in Kyungpook National University Hospital were used. As a result of the experiment, the classification accuracy and loss of the Inception V3 deep learning model according to the presence or absence of Cardiomegaly were 96.0% and 0.22%, respectively. From the research results, it was found that the Inception V3 deep learning model is an excellent deep learning model for feature extraction and classification of chest image data. The Inception V3 deep learning model is considered to be a useful deep learning model for classification of chest diseases, and if such excellent research results are obtained by conducting research using a little more variety of medical image data, I think it will be great help for doctor's diagnosis in future.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.25
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• pp.49-62
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• 2006

생명공학의 시대로 일컬어 지고 있는 오늘날, 재생의학 분야에서는 난치성 질환 치료를 목적으로 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히, 줄기세포를 이용한 세포 대체치료 관련 연구는 최근 국내 황우석 박사의 체세포 핵이식 배아세포주 확립에 이르기 까지 괄목할 만한 발전을 보여 주고 있다. 이와 관련해 생명보험산업에 적잖은 파장이 예상되며, 생명보험사 내부적으로 기존에 판매된 상품의 사차손 관리와 함께 급속도로 발전하는 줄기세포 연구에 직접적으로 대응하는 상품개발, 언더라이팅, 지급 심사 등 보험사 내외에서의 전방위적인 변화가 필요하다는 문제 제기가 있다. 줄기세포란 조직 분화 과정에서 볼 수 있는 세포이며 근육 뼈 뇌 피부 등 신체의 어떤 기관으로도 전환할 수 있는 만능세포로서, 간 폐 심장 등 구체적 장기를 형성하기 이전에 분화를 멈출 배아 단계의 세포를 말한다. 한편, 성체줄기세포는 조직이나 기관의 분화된 세포들 사이에서 발견되는 미분화 세포로써, 자기 스스로 증식할 수 있으며, 조직이나 기관의 특수한 기능을 가지고 있는 세포로 분화할 수 있는 능력을 가진 신체줄기세포를 말한다. 배아줄기세포와 생체줄기세포를 통한 장기이식 등 난치병 정복은 윤리적, 사회적으로 많은 논란이 예상되며, 기술적으로도 해결해야 할 문제점들이 산적해 있기 때문에 아직은 요원한 것이 사실이다. 현재 유럽 대부분의 나라와 미국에서는 인간 배아의 복제가 금지되어 있으며, 일본 정부는 연구용 배아 복제를 제한적으로 허용하고 있다. 하지만, 우리 나라의 경우 2005년 1월에 '생명윤리 및 안전에 관한 법'이 발효되었지만 정부는 관련 부작용에 대한 깊은 고찰 없이 전폭적인 지원들 약속하고 있는 실정이다. 줄기세포 연구의 발달로 인해 인류가 난치병 치료의 첫 장을 열었다고 하더라도 그 영향이 당장 보험사에 미친다고 할 수는 없다. 왜냐하면 앞으로 이러한 신기술이 실제 의료행위에 적용되기 위해서는 여러 단계의 안정화 작업과 임상시험이 필요한데 이러한 작업이 기술적으로 어렵고 그 시간도 만만치 않게 걸리기 때문이다. 또한, 보험사의 보장은 크게 사망/수술/입원/암/기타보장으로 구별할 수 있는데, 줄기세포 연구의 발달과 관련이 있는 보장이 제한되어 있어 보험사에 미치는 영향이 당장 우려할 만한 수준이라 할 수 없다. 하지만 만약 치료용 줄기세포 배양으로 인한 장기 기관의 이식이나 손상세포의 대체 등과 같은 의학신기술의 예상 외로 급격하게 발전한다면 보험사의 Risk 관리에 상당한 저해요인으로 작용할 것으로 판단된다. 특히 진단 입원 수술로 대표되는 생존보장에 대한 사차 Risk 및 사차손의 급증이나 역선택 증가는 보험사의 경영수지 악화를 유발하여 보험산업 전반에 위험으로 작용할 수도 있다. 따라서, 장기적인 안목으로 업계 공동의 대응이 필요하고, 각 사에서도 상품개발, 언더라이팅, 지급심사 간의 긴밀한 협조가 요구된다. 생명보험산업의 Risk 관리는 기존의 시장환경에 영향을 받는 비차, 이차중심에서 보험회사가 어느 정도 관리를 통해 적정규모를 유지할 수 있는 사차로 그 중심축이 이동하고 있다. 보험산업이 계속 활력을 갖고 성장하기 위해서는 체계적인 Risk나 관리가 핵심일 것이며, 보험사의 사차 Risk의 중요성이 더욱 커져 가고 있는 현실에서 거시적으로 의학신기술 발달 등 위험요인에 대해 미리 분석하고 이에 대한 대비책 마련이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.324-333
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• 2001

Purpose: $^{123}I$-labeled fatty acids have been used in the evaluation of regional myocardial energy metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of $^{123}I$-BMIPP as a liposarcoma-imaging agent. Materials and Methods: We compared in vitro uptakes between liposarcoma(SW872) and glioma(9L) cell lines, and examined biodistribution and in vivo images of $^{123}I$-BMIPP in liposarcoma-bearing nude mice. Cold-BMIPP was labeled with $^{123}I\;using\;Cu^{2+}$ as catalyst. After purification by Sep-pak, radiochemical purity was determined by TLC. We compared cellular uptake between glioma and liposarcoma after incubation of 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 mins with culture medium containing $^{123}I$-BMIPP. The difference in biodistribution was determined between non-feeding (water only) group for 18 hr and feeding group in normal mice (n=6/group) at 0.5, 2, and 24 hr. In liposarcoma-hearing nude mice model, liposarcoma, SW872, ceil lines were injected subcutaneously into the felt thigh of nude mice. The biodistribution of $^{123}I$-BMIPP was evaluated at 0.5, 2, and 24 hr (n:5 / group) and in vivo Image of $^{123}I$-BMIPP was obtained with gamma camera at 2 and 24 hr in liposarcoma-hearing nude mice. Results: Radiolabeling yield and radiochemical purity were 95% and above 99%, respectively. SW872 cell line showed more increased uptake than 9L with 1.5 times at 180 mins. The clearance of $^{123}I$-BMIPP in various tissues was more delayed in the non-feeding group than in the feeding group, especially at delayed time (24 hr) in normal mice, and the major excreting organ was the gastrointestinal tract. In liposarcoma-bearing nude mice, tumor/blood ratio of $^{123}I$-BMIPP was 0.94, 0.75, and 1.38 and tumor/muscle ratio was 0.66, 1.53, and 1.11 at 0.5, 2, and 24hr, respectively. $^{123}I$-BMIPP was selectively localized in liposarcoma at 24 hr image. Conclusions: These results suggest that $^{123}I$-BMIPP can be used as a liposarcoma-imaging agent.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.32
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• pp.247-293
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• 2006

It is an aim of this study to analyze a relation between modern medicine advertisements and body. Recently the academic world has discussed how comes it that the modernity had been formed. This trend is remarkable in the field of the history of everyday life. Because everyday life is connected with people's vivid experience. Especially in modern advertising it is in existence such as popular culture, consumer culture, sexuality, family, food, clothing and housing, disease. Since modern times the body has been reorganized into a new shape. Namely the premodern body that had been regulated by a status system is changed into modern body that have to form itself after the customs and values. We analyzed medicine advertisements in the early modern times and hoped to explain how modern people had understood their body. We applied Foucault's theory of discourse as a methodology. As a result of research, we came to the conclusion that there were several rules in the texts of medicine advertisements, which had formed a modern subject of pain. There was a disciplinary power such as a internalization of clinical eyes, self-watch in medicine advertisements. These advertisements contributed to the formation of subject of pain and related to the state power.