• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.209-218
• /
• 2009

Bacterial isolates collected from rhizosphere of turfgrass showed strong in vitro antagonistic activities against a number of turfgrass soilborne pathogens such as Rhizoctonia cerealis, R. solani AG-1(1B), Sclerotinia homoeocarpa and Typhula incarnata. In vivo study, four bacterial isolates selected have control values over 60% against one or more turfgrass pathogenic fungi. The antagonistic effects of the bacterial isolates varied depending on fungal species, host plant, and disease pressure, indicating that control effects of the antagonists could be variable depending on field conditions. They were classified as belonging to the genus Pseudomonas species, based on morphological and biochemical characteristics as well as 16S rRNA analysis. The four bacterial isolates are under a study for finding proper cultural conditions and determination formulation type.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.55 no.2
• /
• pp.123-127
• /
• 2012

In order to develop eco-friendly biopesticide, an entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus temperata M1021 has been lyophilized via freeze-drying along with protective agents such as skim milk, starch, sodium alginate, glucose and sodium glutamate to protect cells from lysis. Freeze-drying powder of P. temperata M1021 containing 7% skim milk (w/v) showed highest survival rate of 63% among all the protective agents used in trials. Furthermore, the freeze-dried microbial powder showed 75% of survival rate after stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 4 weeks at air contact conditions. Injection toxicity of the freeze-dried sample was tested against larvae of Galleria mellonella. A dose of $2.0{\times}10^1$ cells of P. temperata M1021 killed 100% of the G. mellonella larvae within 4 days after injection. Moreover, $2.0{\times}10^0$ cells caused 50% mortality within the 4 days after injection. Freeze-dried P. temperata M1021 strains exhibited effective insecticidal activity and could be a better candidate for being used as a biopesticide.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.50 no.1
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 2007

Auxin-producing antagonistic bacterium K11, which can inhibit Phytophtora capsici, was isolated from a local red-pepper field soil in Gyeong-buk. In order to check for additional PGPR(plant growth promoting rhizobacterium) functions of the strain K11, we confirmed siderophore and cellulase productions by CAS (chrome azurol S) blue agar and CMC plate with congo red, respectively. The strain K11 was identified as Bacillus licheniformis with 98% similarity on 16s rDNA comparison and Biolog analyses. B. licheniformis K11 promoted mung bean adventitious root induction and enhanced root growth of mung bean (160%), pea (150%), and Chinese cabbage (130%), Also, B. licheniformis K11 was able to effectively suppress (63%) P. capsici causing red-pepper blight in the pot in vivo test. Therefore, we could select a triple-functional PGPR which has auxin, siderophore, and cellulase producing ability for effective crops production in organic farming.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.54 no.1
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2012

Bovine serum contains various nutrients and growth factors that can be potentially used in biological experiments, drug manufacturing process and food industry. However, almost all the bovine blood has been wasted during slaughter process in Korea, thus there is a high demand for alternative uses of the wasted sera. In order to produce high quality and safe sera, it is necessary to screen zoonotic pathogens as well as other microbial contaminants to prevent any downstream contamination. The present research has been undertaken to assess biological safety of Hanwoo sera by determining microbiological contamination during slaughtering and handling processes. Serological tests have been performed to detect bacteria, mycoplasma and virus contamination in total of 52 Hanwoo sera. No sera were found to be contaminated with mycoplasma or virus, but only two sera were found to be contaminated with Bacillus thuringiensis. The present result shows that Hanwoo sera obtained from slaughtering process are biologically safe and have potentials to be developed as a biological reagent. Moreover, the methods employed in our study may provide basic standard for microbiological screening methods once wasted Hanwoo sera gain industrial values.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.7
• /
• pp.3285-3294
• /
• 2012

A field test on mud flat remediation was carried out in order to observe the effects of the treatments such as microbial dose and an oxygen releasing compound like $CaO_2$. The size of each treatment site was $100m^2$ and the dosage was 3.6 kg per site. The 6 week monitoring showed that pH on two sites was below 7 and ORP increased from .178~-188 mV to .121~-142 mV. In Ignition loss and COD there were no significant changes. Meanwhile nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations changed: ammonia concentration decreased both on control and treatment sites. Nitrate nitrogen decreased more on combined treatment site than on single microbial treatment (11.3% vs. 7.3%) probably because the extra oxygen supplied by $CaO_2$ formed more oxic environment so that the facilitated nitrification might produce more nitrate but the nitrate would be much rapidly released into the water layer out of the sediment. That also explains the total nitrogen reduction(6.1%). Similarly, T-P and $PO_4-P$ reduced by 29% and 31.8%, respectively on combined treatment sites, resulting from the phosphorus release effect though the initial concentrations of the two factors were considerably high.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 1995.10a
• /
• pp.157-160
• /
• 1995

라니티딘은 최근 위궤양 및 십이지장 궤양의 치료에 통상적으로 많이 처방되는 히스타민 H$_2$ receptor antagonist로 작용하는 약물이다. 이 약물의 Pharma-cokinetics에 대해서는 동물 및 사람에 있어서 이미 많은 연구가 되어 있다(1-4). 수용성 약물인 라니티딘은 정상인에 있어서 경구투여 후 흡수가 신속하나 불완전한 것으로 알려져 있다(4). 경구투여 후 개개인에 따른 처고 혈중농도(Cmax)가 상당히 큰 차이를 보이며, 생체내 이용률(Bioavailability)은 평균 50% 이나 최저 27%에서 최고 88%에 이르기까지 넓은 범위를 보이고 있다. 더욱이 공복 시 경구투여 하거나(5-8), jejunum에 직접 bolus 투여후(9) 혹은 심지어는 정맥주사후의 경우(10)에도 소위 'double-peak phenomenon'이라고 불리 우는 최고 혈중농도에 있어서 bimodal pattern을 나타낸다. 이처럼 highly variable한 약물들은 생물학적 동등성(Bioequivalence) 측면에서 제제를 평가할 때 상당히 중요하고도 어려운 과제이므로, 현재 세계적인 issue가 되고 있다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.417-422
• /
• 1998

Loxoprofen sodium (sodium 2-[4-(2-oxocyclopentylmethyl)phenyl] propionate dehydrate) is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug of $\alpha$-phenyl propionic acid derivative. To test the bioequivalence of loxoprofen, the pharmacokinetic parameters of new preparation of loxoprofen, LENOX was compared with LOXONIN as a reference drug. Fourteen healthy volunteers were entered to the stydy (Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital IRB approval No. 9608). They were administered 60 mg of loxoprofen in 2$\times$2 cross-over design. There was one week of drug-free interval between doses. The blood sample was taken on schedule up to 8 hours, and the plasma concentration loxoprofen was measured by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-detector. There were no significant difference between two preparations when AUC, Cmax, and Tmax were compared by ANOVA. The mean differences of AUC, Cmax, and Tmax were within 20% of the reference drug: the values were 2.22,5.61, and 12.50%, respectively. The confidence limits of AUC and Cmax but not Tmax satisfied the bioequivalence criteria. These results suggest that the tested LENOX is bioequivalent to the reference drug.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 1994

Bioequivalence test of commercially available rifampicin capsules was performed. Sixteen volunteers were divided into 2 groups and the reference and test drug were given orally (450 mg) by cross-over design. Statistical evaluation of AUC, $C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ involved an analysis of variance (ANOVA). The differences of mean value in AUC, $C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ between the reference and test drug were within 20% with reference drug. ANOVA showed no significant differences for ‘between group’, ‘drug’ and ‘period’, but not for ‘between subjects’. The power of test $(1-{\beta})\;of\;AUC\;and\;$C_{max}$ was larger than 0.8 and the confidence of bioavailability was $within\;{\pm}20%$. From these results, it was concluded that the two preparations were bioequivalent for AUC and $C_{max}$, but was not for $T_{max}$.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.162-171
• /
• 1994

이 자료는, 국제수역사무국(Office de International Epizooties : O.I.E.)에서 발행한 Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for List A and List B Diseases of Mammals, Birds and Bees(1992) (포유류, 조류, 꿀벌에 있어서의 A급 및 B급 질병에 대한 진단시약 및 예방백신에 대한 표준지침) 중에서 광견병(B8, Rabies)에 관한 내용(Chapter 22, 205-215)을 우리나라의 광견병 방역대책 수립과 생물학적 제제개발을 위한 참고자료로 활용하기 위하여 번역 소개한 것이다. 본래의 원저자는 프랑스의 Dr J. Blancou로서 프랑스 국립수의식품연구원(CNEVA) 산하의 광견병 및 야생동물 병리연구소(Laboratoire d'Etudes sul la Rage et de la Pathologie des Animaux Sauvages)에 책임자로 재직한 바 있으며, 1991년 이후 현재에는 국제수역사무국(O.I.E)의 사무총장(Director-general)직을 맡고 있다.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.229-236
• /
• 1989

A combined field release of indigenous larvivoroug fish (Aplocheilus latipes) and hybrid herbivore (Tilapia mossambicus miloticus) was conducted to determine the effectiveness of biological control, in particular, against malaria vector (anopheles sinensis), breeding in weedy habitat of rice fields at the University rice paddies at Suwon during the period of June through September in 1988. A combined fish introduction at the release rate of 2.0 fish per $M^{2}$ for Aplocheilus and 1-pair $10M^{2}$ water surface for Tilapia resuited in 70.8% Anopheles larval reducton in a week period, the rates of rontrol increased to 73. 5% and 80.2% in 4th and 5th week respectively after the fish introdurtion, maintaining mosquito suppression in range of 80~82% control after the 5th week against Anopheles and Culex spp. combined. In a single fish treatment with Aplocheilus at 2.0 $fish/M^{2}$ release rate, Anopheles larval reduction ranged on the average 51.4~56.5%in 4 wrek period which was later integratpd with B.t.i. (Rl53.78) treatment at 1.0 kg/ha dosage rate to suppress vector mosquito population down and the the results was compared with that of combined fish introdurtion.