• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

Weed management under organic farming systems is very problematic since organic agriculture does not allow synthetic herbicides. Bioherbicide is needed to develop for weed management in organic agriculture systems. This review covers current status and perspectives of bioherbicide development for effective nonchemical weed management in organic farming systems. Bioherbicides are products of natural origin derived from living organisms, and more specifically bacteria, fungus and plants including natural metabolites for weed control. Bioherbicides derived from microorganisms or natural molecules are currently available on the pesticide markets. Devine, Lockdown (Collego), BioMal, Camperico, Organo-Sol and Opportune were derived from bacteria, Woad Warrior, Smolder, Mygogen, Chontrol Paste, Starritor and Phoma derived from fungus, and Katoun (pelargonic acid) and Beloukha were derived from plants. Corn gluten meal products and plant essential oils products are also available for nonselective weed control in organic agriculture. Organic weed management methods may be more feasible in small scale farming and high-value crops, and bioherbicides may be applied with other weed control practices in organic farming systems.

• The Bimonthly Magazine for Agrochemicals and Plant Protection
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 1987

• The Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.4 s.371
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• pp.16-18
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• 2000

생물농약은 농작물 생산에 유해한 생물을 방제하는데 사용하는 자연산 생물이나 물질이다. 현재까지 등록된 생물농약은 1백88개중 75%가 살충제이고 다음으로 살균제 29종, 제초제 10종, 식물생장조정제가 7종을 차지하고 있다. 국내에서 상품으로 나온 것은 아직 없지만 각 대학에서 개발이 활발하게 진행되고 있어 곧 상품화 될 것으로 기대되고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Biology Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.38-38
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• 2004

• The Bimonthly Magazine for Agrochemicals and Plant Protection
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.17-27
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• 1987

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.702-703
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.21-38
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• 1999

Herbicide is an essential agricultural chemical in the modern agriculture. Due to its bioactivity, however, risk of herbicide use against non-target organisms should be seriously considered. Among the unfavorable aspects given by herbicide, the residue is the most important because herbicide residue in soil and agricultural product is closely related to human safety. The residue in soil and crop is dependent on conditions of soil, weather, herbicide use and crop cultivation, etc. In general, the residue in soil or agricultural product in Korea is known to be not serious at this moment, except for some problems like carry-over effect on succeeding crops. To secure safety of herbicide use for the health, soil ecology and other environment, researches on herbicide residue including monitoring survey should be done more frequently and extensively. Safety guide for herbicide usage should be kept by farmers and development of long toxic herbicide should be accelerated.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.452-462
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• 2021

Pretilachlor (PRE) is a common acetanilide herbicide used worldwide. However, its effects on aquatic organisms, particularly marine photosynthetic life, are not sufficiently known. Herein, we evaluated the toxic effects of PRE by physiological and molecular parameters in the photosynthetic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum. The cell density, pigment content, and photosynthetic parameters (F_v/F_m and PI_ABS) were considerably decreased with increased PRE exposure time and doses. In addition, photosynthesis-related genes, PmpsbA, PmpsaA, and PmatpB, were significantly upregulated when exposed to 1.0 mg L^-1 of PRE for 24 h (p<0.001). In 72 h treatment, the relative gene expression was significantly increased (0.1 and 0.5 mg L^-1; p<0.01). In contrast, PmrbcL was decreased or little changed compared to the controls. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased after 24 h exposure (p<0.001). However, the transcriptional fold-changes in glutathione S-transferase (GST) were significantly increased (0.5 and 1.0 mg L^-1; p<0.001) at 72 h. These findings suggested that the PmGST might be involved in PRE detoxification in P. minimum. In addition, PRE may affect the photosystem function in phytoplankton similar to other acetanilides, causing severe damage or cell death.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.234-249
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• 1993

Herbicide is an essential agricultural chemical in the modern agriculture. Due to its bioactivity, however, risk of herbicide use against non-target organisms should be seriously considered. Among the unfavorable aspects given by herbicide, the residue is the most important because herbicide residue in soil and agricultural product is closely related to human safety. The residue in soil and crop is dependent on conditions of soil, weather, herbicide use and crop cultivation, etc. In general, the residue in soil or agricultural product in Korea is known to be not serious at this moment, except for some problems like carry-over effect on succeeding crops. To secure safety of herbicide use for the health, soil ecology and other environment, researches on herbicide residue including monitoring survey should be done more frequently and extensively. Safety guide for herbicide usage should be kept by farmers and development of long toxic herbicide should be accelerated.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.205-213
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• 2005

This study was conducted to evaluate the response of the selected aquatic plants to sulfonylurea(SU)-herbicides, which have been used widely in rice-cultivating areas in Korea, and the possibility of using them as bio-indicator species for biodiversity conservation. The aquatic plants identified in Kangwon province where butachlor have been used extensively for many years were much more varied than those in Chonnam where SU-herbicides have been used extensively for many years. The growth responses of Monochoria korsakowii, Marsilea quadrifolia and Salvinia natans to sulfonylurea herbicides such as bensulfuron-methyl(BSM) and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl(PSE), were much more sensitive than those to butachlor and molinate. The $GR_{50}$ values of BSM and PSE for M. korsakowii, M. quadrifolia and S. natans were relatively very low when compared with those of butachlor and molinate. The number of internode and dry weight of M. quadrifolia which was exposed to herbicides runoff from rice fields were seriously affected. The acetolactate synthase(ALS) activities of M. quadrifolia sensitively inhibited by BSM and PSE were, and $I_{50}$(Inhibition 50%) were 5.6 and 2.1 nM, respectively.