• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.259-268
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• 2010

To evaluate the biological pollution class, Chl-a concentration and color were examined in 8 stone cultural heritages of Korea from April to June 2007. In the case of Chl-a, it had the range of 16.2 to $136.6{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$, and for the range of the colors, it came out from green to black. As the result of the evaluation, the Three storied stone pagoda in Mulgeol-ri and the Three storied stone pagoda in Suta Temple both showed class 3 and the other 6 stone cultural heritages showed the classes above 4, proving severe biological pollution. The total of 32 aerial algae taxa were found in 8 stone cultural heritages. Out of the 32 taxa, 16 taxa were found in Cyanophyceae, 13 taxa in Chlorophyceae, and 3 taxa in Bacillariophyceae. The correlation coefficient showed 0.43, as a result of the correlation analysis between Chl-a and the biological pollution class. Two among all the aerial algae taxa, Trebouxia sp, and Chroococcus bituminosus, showed high correlation coefficients of 0.89 and 0.65 with Chl-a, in the correlation analysis. High correlation coefficients from 0.54 to 0.65 were shown in a correlation analysis between the biological pollution class and the aerial algae taxa, which are Chroococcus bituminosus, Aphanocapsa grevillei, Xenococcus acervatus, Chlorella vulgaris, and Synechocystis pevalekii.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.293-300
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• 2015

Purpose: To evaluate blue light hazards of LED lightings in an optical store with blue light radiance used as the quantitative indicators of photobiological hazard. Methods: The spectral radiance of each LED lightings was measured, and blue-light radiance and the corresponding maximum exposure time were calculated. Then each LED lighting was classified according to the risk group from IEC 62471 standard. Results: The yellow LED lightings used in showcases and white LED lightings used on ceilings and logo were classified into risk group RG0. But the white LED lightings used on showcases were classified into risk group RG1. The blue light radiances of white LED lightings used in showcases are dozens of times larger than that of fluorescent lamp. Conclusions: Using the value of the blue light radiance could quantitatively express the blue light hazard to various lightings. It was confirmed that white LED lightings for the showcases had high blue light hazards because of their high luminance and color temperature. Therefore, when replacing lightings in optical shop it is necessary to select the appropriate brightness and color temperature for eye health in the long term.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.149-159
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• 2019

This research was started to identify the color status of signboards at the target site and suggest the direction of improvement for the signboard project in Dongsang-dong, Jongno-gil, a central area of the old city center of Gimhae. The area under study forms a depressed street atmosphere with old facilities, and is a typical type of old city center sign that needs to be rebuilt. The purpose of this study is to investigate prior research related to signage and similar signboard improvement cases, and then to identify the current status of colors by sorting out the casting, auxiliary and highlighted colors through the survey of the color of the signboard in the target area, and to propose a desirable direction for the future sign business based on the basis of these findings. This paper divided the target sections by industry and conducted a color analysis of signboards. The results and contents of the research are as follows. First, cast-colored signboards in general businesses showed a variety of primary color distributions with high L* values, on average, with high intensity and high chromaticity. Second, the auxiliary colors were mostly white or black in color-free, making a contrast between the casting colors. Third, the highlight was that a* value showed a high distribution in positive water plus and was mainly distributed in obsolescence, such as red or yellow, and color was used to reflect the characteristics of each store. However, the stores in the entire section lack unity because they were using colors that were higher in color than middle colors, which was causing the street's aesthetic look to be undermined. Based on the results of these studies, it is thought that the future color scheme for Gimhae's signature improvement project will limit the number of colors to a certain extent and give a sense of security and visual comfort to the use of colorlessness and obscurity around the representative colors of Gimhae.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.77-86
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• 2014

Mobile devices are generally using app images which are artificially designed. Accordingly, this paper presents adjusting device brightness based on app image categorization for enhancing the visibility under various light condition. First, the proposed method performed two prior subjective tests under various lighting conditions for selecting features of app images concerning visibility and for selecting satisfactory range of device brightness for each app image. Then, the relationship between selected features of app image and satisfactory range of device brightness is analyzed. Next, app images are categorized by using two features of average brightness of app image and distribution ratio of advanced colors that are related to satisfaction range of device brightness. Then, optimal device brightness for each category is selected by having the maximum frequency of satisfaction device brightness. Experimental results show that the categorized app images with optimal device brightness have high satisfaction ratio under various light conditions.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.231-235
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• 2004

Landsat satellite images were analyzed to study vegetation change patterns of warm-temperate forests from 1991 to 2002 in Wando. For this purpose, Landsat TM satellite image of 1991 and Landsat ETM image of 2002 were used for vegetation classification using ENVI image processing software. Four different forest types were set as a classification criteria; evergreen broadleaf, evergreen conifer, deciduous broadleaf, and others. Unsupervised classification method was applied to classily forest types. Although it was impossible to draw exact forest types in rocky areas because of differences in data detection time and rough resolution of image, 2002 data revealed that total 2,027ha of evergreen broadleaf forests were growing in Wando. Evergreen broadleaves and evergreen conifers increased in total areas compared to 11 years ago, but there was sharp decrease in deciduous broadleaves. GIS-based management system for warm-temperate forest was done using Arc/Info. Geographic and attribute database of Wando such as vegetation, soils, topography, land owners were built with Arc/Info and ArcView. Graphic user interface which manages and queries necessary data was developed using Avenue.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.23-30
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• 2021

An Automated Industry and Occupation Coding System assigns statistical classification code to the enormous amount of natural language data collected from people who write about their industry and occupation. Unlike previous studies that applied information retrieval, we propose a system that does not need an index database and gives proper code regardless of the level of classification. Also, we show our model, which utilized KoBERT that achieves high performance in natural language downstream tasks with deep learning, outperforms baseline. Our method achieves 95.65%, 91.51%, and 97.66% in Occupation/Industry Code Classification of Population and Housing Census, and Industry Code Classification of Census on Basic Characteristics of Establishments. Moreover, we also demonstrate future improvements through error analysis in the respect of data and modeling.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.167-170
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• 2011

Pseudoips fagana Fabricius belongs to the subfamily Chloephorinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Eggs of Pseudoips fagana were white and oviposited on oak leaves. There were five P. fagana larval instars, which were light green in color with four white crosslines. The larval period was approx. 24.4 days ($25^{\circ}C$, 16L:8D). Pupae were covered with a light-green membrane and silk. The wingspan of adults was approx. 15 to 18 mm. The color of the forewings of both sexes was bright green. The color of the hindwings was yellow in males and and white in females. First emergence was from early May to late June, and the second emergence was from early July to late August. Pseudoips fagana over-wintered as pupae.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a new fire detection method using moving features and colors of flames in video sequences. It uses YCbCr color space to separate the luminance from the chrominance components more effectively than RGB color space. In the proposed method, moving regions of flames are detected by cumulating the difference of luminance between two consecutive images and generate candidate flame regions by using the color of flames. Finally, it decides whether the candidate flame regions are flames or not by using their temporal changes of the areas. Experimental results show that the proposed method performs better in segmenting fire regions compared with the conventional fire detection method in video sequences.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.165-169
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• 2009

오늘날 인터넷 검색은 하루가 다르게 발전되고 있다. 주로 키워드 매칭에 의존을 둔 지금의 검색 서비스들은 사용자 중심의 아이템들을 개발해 정보검색의 경과시간 및 결과의 분류면에서 우수함을 보여주고 있다. 질의어의 의미에 유사한 검색은 아직은 발전하는 단계로, 내용에 기반을 둔 검색 환경에 초점이 맞춰지고 있다. 이와 관련하여 행렬의 특이치 분해(SVD)를 이용한 잠재적 의미 색인 기법(LSI)을 본 연구에서 다루고자 한다. 구축한 시스템의 성능 평가는 재현도 계산으로 비교되었는데 작은 크기의 특이값(singular value)들 생략에 의한 SVD의 성능과 그것을 재이용, 질의어에 대한 의미 구조상 근접한 용어들을 찾아 질의어를 확장한 후 적합한 문서들의 검색을 사용한 특이값 개수, 유사단어 확장 개수를 달리하여 실험하였다. 실험 결과, 특이값 2개를 사용한 잠재적 의미 색인이 특이값 3개를 사용한 잠재적 의미 색인보다 보다 나은 성능을 보였다. 그리고 조건을 달리한 모든 잠재적 의미 색인의 경우 단어 매칭에 의한 적합문서 검색보다 별 뚜렷한 나은 결과는 보이지 않았다. 하지만 의미적으로 관계가 깊은 유사어들을 찾아냈고, 의미적으로 가장 관계 깊은 문서를 대부분의 경우에서 순위 1위로 찾아내는 부분적 우수함을 보였다.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.86.1-86.1
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• 2012

Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR7 분광자료를 이용하여 z < 0.01에 존재하는 필드(field) 은하 505개를 선별하였다. SDSS의 컬러 영상을 이용하여 필드은하들의 형태(morphology)를 타원은하/왜소타원은하, 렌즈은하/왜소렌즈은하, 나선은하, 그리고 불규칙은하로 분류하였으며, 이들 은하들에 대한 측광을 수행하였다. 한편, Galex Evolution Explorer (GALEX) 자외광 영상으로부터 선별된 은하들에 대한 자외광 측광도 수행하였다. 서로 다른 환경에 있는 은하들의 최근 별탄생 활동이 어떻게 변화하는지 파악하기 위하여 처녀자리은하단 (Virgo cluster)에 있는 은하들과 비교하여 필드은하들의 자외광-가시광 색-등급 분포를 조사하였다. 처녀자리은하단 은하들에 비하여 필드은하들은 작은 자외광-가시광색지수를 가지는 만기형 은하들의 비율이 높았다. 특히, 조기형 필드은하들의 색지수 값이 처녀자리은하단 조기형 은하들에 비해 전반적으로 더 작은 값을 나타내고, 이 특징은 질량이 작은 왜소은하에서 더욱 크게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 한편, 환경적 효과를 거의 받지 않는 필드은하들은 환경적 효과가 큰 은하단 은하들의 진화 연구에서 환경적 효과의 크기 및 기작을 규명하는 기본 자료로 사용될 수 있음을 토의하고자 한다.