• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.6 s.71
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• pp.937-946
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• 1998

The patient with an anterior open bite has one of the most difficult orthodontic problem to correct. Previous studies have yielded different conclusions as to exactly where the morphologic problems associated with vertical dysplasia-high angle cases are located. In order to identify the cephalometric features of high angle cases and highlight the measurements that characterize high angle cases, 109 pretreatment cephalograms, 35 high angle, 37 average angle, and 37 low angle cases, were analyzed and compared statistically. As the mandibular plane was steeper, the anterior facial height, especially lower anterior facial height, became greater, and the posterior facial height became smaller. All the dentoalveolar vertical dimensions, especially in upper, increased. And all the skeletal angular measurements increased. Especially Lower genial angle had most positive correlation to mandibular Plane angle. Upper incisor was lingually inclined, and lower incisor was labially inclined in high angle cases.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.174-182
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• 2024

In patients with multiple missing molars, wear patterns or displacement of anterior teeth, collapsed occlusal plane, and reduction in vertical dimension may occur. Particularly, in case of a few remaining teeth on one side, a removable partial denture has biomechanical disadvantage. For this reason, an implant-assisted removable partial denture with a few implant surveyed crowns can be an alternative. In this case, due to the right mandibular posterior teeth loss, the anterior teeth were severely worn and the occlusal plane was collapsed. With minimal increasing vertical dimension, oral rehabilitation was performed using a maxillary fixed prosthesis and mandibular implant-assisted removable partial denture. As a result, functional and aesthetic clinical outcomes were obtained.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.29 no.6 s.77
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• pp.707-720
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to evaluate racial differences In head posture and the influence of head posture to the craniofacial morphology. The sample group of this study was made up of 51 Korean males and 120 Scandinavian Caucasian males. From the comparison of the cranio-cervical angle and the variables of craniofacial morphology between them, the following results were obtained. 1. The cranio-cervical angle (NSL/OPT) was on average 9.28 degrees larger In Koreans. 2. The length of the anterior cranial base (N-S) was on average 4.66mm shorter in Koreans. 3. The length of the maxillary base (sp-pm and ss-pm) were on average 2.75mm and 4.65mm shorter in Koreans respectively, the anterior maxillary height (n-sp) was on average 2.60mm longer, the posterior dimension (s-pm) was found to be 2.06mm longer in Koreans, and the maxillary inclination (NSL/NL) was identical in both samples. 4. The mandibular body length (pg-tgo) and ramus height (ar-tgo) were identical in the two groups, but the genial angle (ML/RL) was 3.22 degrees smaller and the mandibular plane inclination (NSL/ML) was 2.44 degrees larger in Koreans 5. The maxillary prognathism (s-n-sp and s-n-ss) and the mandibular prognathism (s-n-sm) were identical in both samples. 6. The sagittal jaw relationship (ss-n-pg) was 1.44 degrees larger in the Korean sample, but the vortical jaw relationship (NL/ML) was not significantly different. 7. The anterior facial height (n-gn) was 5.57mm longer in the Korean sample. 8. The mandibular alveolar prognathism (CL/ML) was 5.71 degrees greater and the interincisal angle (ILs/ILi) was 3.08 degrees more acute in Koreans. Taken together these results, craniofacial morphology can be influenced by the head posture defined by cranio-cervical angulation.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.523-531
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• 2008

Maxillary molar distalization is a treatment approach for patients with Class II malocclusions who do not require extractions and mesial movements of mandibular molars. The pendulum appliance is effective for distalization of the maxillary molars and independent of patient cooperation. This appliance can stabilize the maxillary premolars and use the palatal rugae area as an additional anchorage. However, caution is needed to control collateral effects, including increase of lower facial height, incisor protrusion and damage to the rugae area. This article reports the cases in which maxillary molar distalization achieved by pendulum appliance resolves the space problems and corrects the molar relationships.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.31 no.2 s.85
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• pp.187-197
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• 2001

The change of the vertical dimension is of fundamental importance to the orthodontist. However, the choice between the two methods of treatment, extraction versus nonextraction, is not clear. It is not verified that the extraction method decreases vertical dimension, or nonextraction methods result in an increase in vertical dimension. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes of vertical dimension of face after the orthodontic treatment with standard edgewise technique, and to compare them in relation to facial types and bicuspid extraction. The subjects consisted of 165 orthodontic patients (77 of adolescents, 88 of adults), and was divided into vertical nonextraction (VN) group, vertical extraction (VE) group, horizontal nonextraction (HN) group, horizontal extraction (HE) group. Pre-and Post-treatment cephalograms were taken with standard method, traced, and digitized for each subject. The comparison of the measurements were statistically executed with Student's t-test. The results were as follows : 1. The facial height and molar height were increased after orthodontic treatment in the all groups. 2. No significant difference was found in the facial height change between the vertical and horizontal groups. 3. No significant difference was found in the facial height change between the extraction and nonextraction groups. 4. As the upper molars were extruded in adolescents group and lower molars were extruded in adults group, lower anterior facial height (LAFH) was increased. 5. None of the pretreatment variables correlates to the change of lower anterior facial height (LAFH).

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2020

Gradual tooth wear is a natural process of aging, but pathological wear over physiologic ranges leads to functional and esthetic problems. The loss of posterior support may cause pathological wear of anterior teeth, which results in reduction of vertical dimension and disharmony of occlusal plane. To solve this problem, determination of proper vertical dimension considering centric relation is necessary. This case report presented 71-year-old male, who had the severe wear of lower anterior teeth due to loss of posterior support. By meticulous evaluation, a full mouth rehabilitation with elevation of vertical dimension was planned. After 8 months of follow-up, stable occlusal scheme is maintained and patient was satisfied with clinical outcome functionally and esthetically.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.182-188
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• 2019

A proper vertical dimension and a harmonious occlusal plane are essential to satisfy a patient esthetically and functionally. A maxillomandibular occlusal vertical dimension is determined by the elevators which repeatedly contracts to a certain length, and a tooth location is determined by a maxillomandibular vertical dimension. The patient of this case came in with the incongruity of the lips and the occlusal plane. The result of clinical test showed the lack of length of the lower anterior due to the reduction of vertical dimension, the deep overbite of anterior, the excessive attrition of anterior, and the incongruity of occlusal plane. After the diagnostic wax-up, the temporary restoration was installed, and final prosthesis was installed after 6 months. As a result, the patient obtained a functionally and esthetically satisfying result.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.107-115
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• 2021

Excessive pathological attrition over the entire dentition can cause decreased masticatory function, and pathological problems of the temporomandibular joint and the muscular nervous system. In this case, 71 year-old male patient with severe attrition and fracture across the entire tooth was treated by full mouth rehabilitation for regaining space of restoration. In order to determine the appropriate vertical dimension of the patient's occlusion, facial appearance, aesthetics, restoration space were evaluated, and provisional restoration of the raised vertical dimension was made. After 4 months of evaluation, the entire restoration of monolithic zirconia crown using CAD-CAM was completed. Through the above process, satisfactory aesthetic and functional results were obtained.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.32 no.2 s.91
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• pp.91-105
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• 2002

In general, orthodontists make problem lists and treatment plans based on norms of several cephalometric standards. But consideration of dentoalveolar compensation, which tends to maintain normal dental arch relationship in various skeletal jaw relationships, helps orthodontists make more individualized treatment objectives and plans. The purpose of this study was to classify skeletal patterns of normal occlusion samples by cluster analysis and to investigate the dentoalveolar compensation according to skeletal patterns. The subjects were consisted of 125 subjects who were normal occlusion samples at Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Department of Orthodontics. Lateral cephalograms in centric occlusion were traced and digitized. The skeletal patterns of normal occlusion samples were classified into three horizontal groups and three vertical groups by cluster analysis and ANOVA on the skeletal and dentoalveolar measurements among the groups were carried out. The results were as follows ; 1. Anteroposterior and vertical skeletal relationships of normal occlusion samples were very variable. 2. As the mandibular position was anterior to the maxilla, the maxillary incisors inclined more labially, the mandibular incisors more lingually, and the occlusal plane was flattened due to the anteroposterior dentoalveolar compensation. dentoalveolar height was decreased and upper posterior teeth was uprighted to the palatal plane and lower incisors and lower posterior teeth to the mandibular plane. 4. Lower incisors were more strongly associated with the dentoalveolar compensation than upper incisors according to the anteroposterior and vertical skeletal relationship.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.401-413
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• 1996

Facial vertical dyscrepancies is decided on the relationship between the anterior vertical facial height and posterior vertical facial height. Thus this study was conducted to determine the factors that affect the FHI, and classify the Class II div.1, malocclusion, which success is dependent on the vertical control according to the FHI, which is the ratio of antero-inferior facial height, posterio-inferior facial height ratio, and to use this as a guideline for treatment. Angle between palatal plane and Mandibular plane were in the order of RH, ID. Thus showing that interrelated angle was more inportant than the independent angle of both, palatal plane and Mandibular plane. The tendency of Cl II div.1. Malocclusion according to FHI, showed the Low group to have Mx. protrusion, prominent development of Mn. ramus, and the Mn. body length and ant. post. position was normal. The Normo group showed slight protrusion of the Maxilla,. The development of the ramus was less than normal and the Mn. was in a slight retruded position. The High group showed the Mx. in a normal position, the development of the Mn. ramus and body was the lowest, and the Mn. was in a posterior position. In observation of the factors affecting the FHI between each groups of Cl II div.l, malocclusion; In the Low group the MP- PP angle was very small, the ID was smililar to the normal group, but the RH was very large thus the FHI was increased. In the Normo group, the PP-MP angle was normal, ID was slightly smaller than the normal group and the RH was slightly smaller than the normal group, thus maintaining a normal FHI ratio. In the High group the PP-MP angle was very large, the ID was similar to the normal group, but the RH was smaller than the normal group thus the FHI was small.