• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.215-221
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• 2010

Salmonella is an important food-and water-borne pathogen associated with acute gastrointestinal illnesses around the world. The most common serotypes isolated from humans are Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) and S. Enteritidis. Traditional detection methods for Salmonella are based on cultures using selective media and characterization of suspicious colonies by biochemical and serological tests. These methods are generally time-consuming and not so highly sensitive. Recently, the Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification and real-time PCR has been used as a highly sensitive, specific, and rapid test for the presence of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, a LAMP and real-time PCR was used to detect S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. We selected target genes, which were the in invA and a randomly cloned sequence specific for the genus Salmonella. With LAMP and real-time PCR, random sequence was detected from Salmonella spp, invA were detected from all strain of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. This assay indicate that the specificity, sensitivity and rapid of the LAMP and real-time PCR make them potentially valuable tools for detection of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 1969

Various methods for the isolation of salmonellae were compared by examining mesenteric lymph nodes and faeces of 395 pigs at slaughter. The conclusions were as follows. (i) Tetrathionate broth was significantly superior to selenite broth for the examination of mesenteric lymph nodes. (ii) There was no significant difference between tetrathionate broth and selenite broth for the examination of faeces. The use of both tetrathionate broth and selenite broth as enrichment media for faeces produced far better results than the use of any single enrichment medium. (iii) Brilliant green agar was significantly superior to SS agar for the examination of mesenteric lymph nodes. (iv) There was no significant difference between brilliant green agar and SS agar when faeces were examined. The use of both media produced far better results than the use of either singly. (v) Brilliant green MacConkey broth was much inferior to tetrathionate broth as an enrichment broth. Direct culture of faeces on brilliant green MacConkey agar yielded less isolates than prior enrichment in tetrathionate or selenite broth. (vi) The optimum incubation period of enrichment was 24 hours for faeces and 48 hours for mesenteric lymph nodes when either tetrathionate broth or selenite broth was used as enrichment media.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.421-425
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to improve the detection limit of rapid detection kit for Salmonella Typhimurium by image analysis system. The rapid detection kit was comprised of four elements: sample pad, conjugate pad, nitrocellulose pad and absorbent pad. Gold nanoparticle and Salmonella antibody were used as a tag and a receptor. Salmonella antibody and goat rabbit IgG antibody were used as test and control lines on nitrocellulose membrane. The color intensity of test line began to increase from $10^5CFU/mL$ of Salmonella sample. A multiple linear regression analysis was employed to explain the relationship between predicted and measured number of Salmonella cells. The developed model could successfully predict the cell number of Salmonella with validation against extra-experimental result.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.2 s.69
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• pp.202-210
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• 2005

Following ingestion, Salmonella must adhere to and colonize the intestinal epithelium of the host in order to establish infection. S. typhimurium synthesize several appendages that are believed to mediate attachment. These include type 1 fimbriae, plasmid-encoded (PE) fimbriae, long polar (LP) fimbriae, and thin aggregative fimbriae. However, the precise roles of these putative adhesins remain unclear, due to conflicting data in the literature. We constructed strains lacking four different fimbriae including type 1 fimbriae, PE fimbriae, LP fimbriae, and thin aggregative fimbriae, as well as strains lacking each fimbriae alone. In cell culture adhesion assays, these mutants adhered to several mammalian cell lines as well as wild-type S. typhimurium. These strains were also screened for virulence in mice, and all strains were virulent or nearly as virulent as their wild-type parents. In contrast, When a strain lacking four fimbriae was screened for virulence in chicks, it was found to be highly attenuated. This suggests a role for either type 1 fimbriae, PE fimbriae, LP fimbriae or thin aggregative fimbriae or a combination of thease fimbriae in the colonization of chicks. It also suggests that differences exist with respect to the surface structures that mediate attachment of Salmonella in chicks as compared with mice.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2022

Salmonella meningitis is rare yet poses causes significant neurological morbidity in children. Infants, especially those under 3 months of age, and those with immunocompromised states, such as malignancy, malaria, and human immunodeficiency virus infection, are at increased risk for developing Salmonella meningitis. Herein, we describe a case of Salmonella meningitis in a previous healthy 8-year-old girl who presented with high fever, vomiting, and altered mental status. Group D Salmonella species were isolated in cerebrospinal fluid culture, and no abnormal findings were noted in brain magnetic resonance imaging. Immunoglobulin levels and lymphocyte subset counts were within the normal ranges, and no genetic mutation responsible for primary immunodeficiency disease was detected by next-generation sequencing. The patient's condition improved rapidly with third-generation cephalosporin, and no complications or sequalae developed. Nontyphoidal Salmonella can cause meningitis in immunocompetent children and can be successfully treated with early administration of antibiotics.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.791-797
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• 2009

Purpose : We aimed to investigate the clinical manifestations of and antibiotic resistance in culture-proven childhood salmonellosis. Methods : Clinical manifestations and laboratory data of and antibiotic use in subjects with culture-proven childhood salmonellosis, who were treated at the Chonbuk National University Hospital between September 1998 and August 2008, were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with underlying diseases or concomitant illnesses were excluded. Results : We assessed a total of 72 patients. There were 68 stool culture-positive cases, 7 blood culture-positive cases, and 3 both stool culture- and blood culture-positive cases. Salmonella group D was the most frequent pathogen in stool (63.9%) and blood (71.4%) cultures. Salmonella typhi was isolated in 1 case. Of the 72 patients, 45 (62.5%) were male children, of which 29 (40.3%) were aged <3 years. The patients most commonly presented with diarrhea (90.2%) and fever (83.3%). Leukocytosis (leukocyte count, >$15,000/{\mu}L$) and leukopenia (leukocyte count, <$4,000/{\mu}L$) were detected in 8.3% and 5.6% of the patients, respectively. Elevated serum C-reactive protein concentration (>5 mg/dL) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (>20 mm/h) were observed in 88.9% and 58.3% of the patients, respectively. Fifty-two (85.2%) of 61 patients who had undergone antibiotic treatment received a third-generation cephalosporin as definitive antibiotic therapy. Multidrug resistance rate was 40.0 % in the first 5 years of the study and 71.4% in the last 5 years. No fatalities occurred in this series. Conclusion : Children with culture-proven salmonellosis showed relatively benign clinical outcomes. Appropriate antibiotic treatment of <2 weeks is probably adequate for those without a suppurative focus of infection. The incidence of antibiotic resistant isolates was recently seen to increase.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.1267-1272
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and infection status of Salmonella species (spp.) in 25 conventional pig farms by traditional fecal culture and serological methods to develop a Salmonella control program for Korean pig farms. The individual seroprevalence of Salmonella spp. in pigs reared in the 25 pig farms was 83.1% in sows and 6.4-32% in different aged pig groups, with the total seroprevalence 28.4% (141/848). The seroprevalence of the tested pigs increased in accordance with the decrease in maternal antibody and the rearing period on these farms. Of note, all the 25 pig farms contained at least two or more anti-Salmonella antibody-positive sows. In the fecal cultures Salmonella spp. were isolated only in three (12.0%, 3/25) of 16 serologically Salmonella-suspected farms (64.0%, 16/25), showing the limitation of the fecal culture method and the need for serum assays to understand the exact status of Salmonella infection in swine herds, which likely contain subclinically infected pigs or carriers. The results highlight the need to establish a supply system of Salmonella-free gilts for the promotion of a national Salmonella control program on swine farms in Korea. Further studies will be needed to develop an effective monitoring system for the implementation of a national Salmonella control program.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.32 no.1 s.363
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• pp.156-157
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• 2000

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.28 no.11 s.325
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• pp.99-106
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• 1996

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.32 no.8 s.370
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• pp.162-163
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• 2000