• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 2001

We studied 100 neonates to enter a Dongguk University Oriental Hospital Postpartum Care Center, during 9 months from February 10. 2001 to November 4. 2001. The conclusion is following. 1. Newborn sex ratio was 1.70. 2. Delivery method : Normal vaginal delivery was 66 and cesarean section was 34. 3. Gestation age : Premature infants less than 37 weeks were 2 term infants from 37 to 41 weeks were 98 and post-term infants 42 or more weeks were zero. 4. Period between birth and admission : First to fifth day was 66 sixth to tenth day was 32 and eleventh or more day was 2. 5. Period of admission : 1 to 7 days were 8. 8 to 14 days were 65. 15 to 21 days were 23. and 22 to 28 days were 4. 6. Weight : Birth weight less than 2500g was 3. 2500 to 3999g was 92. and 4000g or more was 5. 7. Height : Zero week after birth the average height was 48.8cm, one week after birth was 50.0cm, two weeks after birth was 51.8cm, three weeks after birth was 53.2cm, four weeks after birth was 54.5cm. 8. Head circumference : Zero week after birth the average head circumference was 34.6cm, one week after birth was 35.3cm, two weeks after birth was 35.7cm, three weeks after birth was 36.3cm, four weeks after birth was 36.8cm. 9. Chest circumference : Zero week after birth the average chest circumference was 33.2cm, one week after birth was 33.5cm, two weeks after birth was 34.4cm, three weeks after birth was 35.1cm, four weeks after birth was 36.6cm. 10. Feeding : There was not breast feeding, artificial feeding was 8, and mixing feeding was 92. 11. Jaundice : Physiologic jaundice was 10, pathologic jaundice was 1.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.108-123
• /
• 2010

Purpose: We analyzed the characteristics of women who gave birth at an obstetrician and those who received oriental medicine postpartum care, and investigated the level of their satisfaction to obtain fundamental data for Oriental-Western cooperative medicine treatment for postpartum care. Methods: The review was based on a 5-months' data, from August 1 through December 31, 2009. Information on age, labor record, level of education, and occupation of the patients who had received postpartum oriental-western cooperative medicine treatment was based on Electric Medical Record(EMR) of O O Oriental Medicine Hospital. The questionnaires were completed by the patients at the time of their discharge from the hospital. Results: The patients who were admitted to oriental medicine hospitals tended to be primiparae, and they were more likely to be younger women with higher education levels. The level of satisfaction on postpartum care program of oriental medicine hospitals was high. Conclusion: It is necessary to specialize the facilities, dietary formula, and staff training of oriental medicine hospitals through a survey of postpartum patients' demand and satisfaction level. In oriental-western cooperative medicine hospitals, it is needed to specialize the postpartum program for creating demand of premature delivery mothers.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.121-130
• /
• 2001

Objectives : As participation of women in public affairs increases, they are more concerned about postpartum management. However, objectivity of its effect tends to be insufficient. This study was done to investigate the clinical applications of postpartum management in Oriental Medicine. Subjects and methods : This clinical study was done on 74 patients who were treated by postpartum management in the Oriental Medical Hospital of Woosuk University from November 1999 to August 2000. We analyzed the changes of hematology and blood chemistry. Then, we examined the differences between two groups : one group had undergone vaginal duct delivery and the other cesarean section in mode of delivery. Results : I) The ratio of vaginal duct delivery to cesarean section was 39:35. Two major age groups were 25-29 and 30-34, respectively 43% and 35%. 2) According to the hematology, hemoglobin, hematocrit, REC and platelet count significantly increased, while WBC and ESR level significantly decreased. 3) To the hematology by mode of delivery, WBC level decreased in both groups. WBC level of the vaginal duct delivery group was significantly lower than that of cesarean section. RBC level increased in both groups, the cesarean section group were statistically significant. Hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet count increased but they were not significant in either group. 4) To the blood chemistry, Triglyceride (TG), protein, albumin and sodium levels were significantly increased but cholesterol, ALT, BUN, creatinine, potassium and chloride levels were not statistically significant. 5) According to the blood chemistry by mode of delivery, TG level of the vaginal duct delivery group was significantly reduced but the others were not significant. Conclusious : The effective results were shown that postpartum management by Oriental Medicine assisted postpartum health care as well as postpartum anemia.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.271-281
• /
• 2006

Purpose : Although the breast milk is the very important physiological function to women, there is no previous study on the breast milk volume of women according to Sasang Constitution. this study was to analyze the difference of breast milk volume pattern according to Sasang Constitution. Methods : This study investigated 109 breast feeding women who were treated by Spostpartum care center from March 2005 to November 2005. The result of survey was collected from the questionnaires that included postpartum pattern and QSCC H .Results : The results of Sasang Constitution analysis showed that 53 women in childbirth of 109 were classified into Soeumin(48.6%), 27 as Taeumin(24.8% ) and 29 as Soyangin(26.6% ). Mean milk volume according to the Sasang Constitution showed statistically no difference between Soeumin and Taeumin, but mean milk volume according to the Sasang Constitution showed statistically the significant difference between Soyangin and Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin. Conclusion These results suggest that milk volume of Soyangin is much larger than that of Soeumin and Taeumin.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.115-126
• /
• 2005

Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate rota virus infection of neonates In the Postpartum care center. Methods : This clinical study was carried out with the 205 neonates who admitted to the Postpartum Care Center of ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ Oriental Medicine Hospital, from July, 2004 to July, 2005. Stools were examined daily with Rotazyme ELISA tests(Bio Line Rota Virus, SD Standard Diagnostics, INC.) for 3 days from the day of admission. Supplementary test was examined when change was found in stools. Results : Among 205 newborn babies, 58 cases turned out to be positive. The positive rate of rota virus was not significantly related to sex, birth weight, gestation age. But, it was significantly related to delivery method and it was higher in caesarean section group. The manifestation rates of symptoms were 51.7% in Rotazyme positive neonates. In the Rotazyme positive 58 cases, 30 cases(51.7%) had diarrhea, 8 cases had fever(13.8%), 1 case(1.7%) had vomiting. The positive rate of rota virus was higher during from october to march. There were 190 cases(92.2%) of mixed feeding and 15 cases(7.8%) of artificial feeding. There was significance between breast feeding and the positive rate of rota virus. There was no significance between hospital of birth and the rate of positive rotazyme test. Conclusions : A further study of neonates in postpartum care center is necessary as preference of postpartum care center was increased. And the oriental medicine treatment of rota virus IS expected to be effective, so a further study is necessary.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.174-185
• /
• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate all postpartum care center in Seoul about its state of doctors' linkage and oriental medical treatment. Methods: From May 1st 2011 to July 10th 2011, survey was done using a selfmade questionnaire by phone or visit. There were 12 categories including the state of doctors' linkage in postpartum care centers, treatment form of oriental medical doctors, utilization of herbal medicine and so on. The data collected was analyzed using Excel 2007 FOR WINDOWS. Results: 1. The doctors' linkage with postpartum centers included pediatricians(96.1%), oriental medicine doctors(61.2%), and gynecologists(34.0%). Of those postpartum centers, 66% had both pediatrician and oriental medical doctor which were the vast majority. 2. Out of 70 postpartum centers providing herbal medicine, 9 of them were supplied of herbal medicine by herb sellers(not doctor). Where as, at 63 oriental medical doctors-affiliated centers, 85.7% of them had oriental medical doctors' examinations. 3. Out of 70 postpartum centers providing herbal medicine, personalized prescription amounted to 35(50.0%), same prescriptions amounted to 34(48.6%), and 1(1.4%) refused to answer. 4. Out of all the patients that received explanation about the effects of herbal medicine, 62.9% had them explained by oriental medical doctors. Conclusions: These findings suggests that oriental medical doctors are actively involved with postpartum care centers but problems surfaced regarding individualized prescription insufficiency and the lack of administration. In the near future, if the expertise expand in the areas of pediatrics as well as obstetrics and gynecology, oriental medicine will have a more solid role in postpartum care part.

• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.315-328
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the components and nature of happiness in middle-aged women in Korea. Methods: Thirty middle-aged women living in metropolitan Seoul and Gyeonggi and Chungcheong provinces agreed to participate in this study. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with the participants in one-on-one settings. The data were analyzed qualitative using Colaizzi's method of phenomenology. Results: The three theme clusters were extracted from the raw data, along with 13 themes and 138 meaningful sentences and phrases. The three happiness theme clusters in middle-aged women were "live healthy for stability," "rule one's mind for harmony," and "activate hopes for self-esteem." The first theme cluster included healthy life, economic stability, physical youth, and positive thought. The second theme cluster included that harmonious family, ruling of mind, my position as invisible person in social relationships, and precious relationships to support. The last theme included the center of one's life is oneself, a sense of accomplishment, self-improvement, recognition of one's worth and rest for one self. The three theme clusters were associated with the existence, relatedness, and growth (ERG) of ERG areas, respectively. Conclusions: We conclude that the core components of happiness in middle-aged women are to live healthy and mind-ruled and activate hope. The nature of happiness is egocentric stability in middle-aged women. The results suggest that theme clusters might be used to develop a scale for measuring happiness in middle-aged women. This will be helpful to assess the psychosocial status of middle-aged women in Korea.

• 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.337-345
• /
• 2018

In this study, we measured the concentration of Particulate Matter($PM_{10}$), Formaldehyde(HCHO), and Total Bacteria Count (TBC) at two facilities: day care centers, and postnatal care centers located in the cities of Gyeonggi, Gangwon, Jeolla and Gyeongsang from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2015. $PM_{10}$ concentration was similar to the day care centers and postnatal care centers. HCHO concentration was the highest in the postnatal care centers. TBC concentration was the highest in the day care centers. Comparing the different cities, $PM_{10}$ concentration was the highest in Gyeonggi, HCHO concentration was the highest in Gyeonggi, and TBC concentration was the highest in Gyeonggi. As a result of HCHO's risk assessment, it was found that adults exceeded the carcinogenicity tolerance of $10^{-6}$ specified by the US EPA. This study is expected to be helpful in preventing damage to health from the contaminated indoor air at sensitive facilities, and can be used as basic data for indoor air quality management.

• 동서간호학연구지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.50-67
• /
• 1998

When recognition of the Ghi(氣) which exist in all things, is changed on the aspects of the science of nursing, the view of health and nursing will be more efficient and can be developed as the proper concept for Korean culture. I think it is nessary to confirm which philosophical basis of the will be applicable to nursing and how to it has to be developed. Therefore I can for the research of the Ghi phenomena to attain the Thoughts of philosophy that is appropriate to expound those phenomena. And I attempt to induct "the fusion of horizons" to unify the view of the I world between Korea and the West. The Ghi is very energetic and omnipresent among the universe, Nature, and the human being. So it can organize all the primary elements of mental and I physical function of human as like life, mind, breath, feeling, energy, etc. A general concept of the Ghi is described as follows ; (1) The Ghi is the origin and essence to organize the universe, Nature, and the human being. (2) It is the perpetually movable thing. (3) And there are continuous transmission between the Ghi of the universe and the human through 'body, mind, and soul. For review on the philosophic basis of the Ghi, I studied out the identity of the doctrine of Li and Ch'i(理氣論) in the field of philosophy of Korea and the West. In Korea, the concept of the Vigor is based on Ch'i monolism(기일원론) and Li Ch'i dualism (이기이원론) of Yul-gok Lee's, Toi-kye Lee's, Hwa-dam's, and/or Hekang's. These are indispensable for the view of the world of Korea as Metaphysical ideology, Concrete science, Materialism, Ontology, and Epistemology. From the viewpoint of the philosophy of the West, the doctrine of Li and Ch'i(이기론) of Korea is identical with the doctrine of Li and Ch'i(이기론) of Joo-ja, Idea of Plato, Metaphysics of Aristotle, World Spirit(Weltgeist) of Hegel, and Existentialism of Heidegger. In the nursing theory of the West, some of them referred to the Ghi as like Energy field theory of Rogers and Energy exchange of Neuman. Though there are different in terminology, "energy" and the "Ghi" are induced comparable therapeutic action between the human and the environments. With the nursing theory of Korea, I have made an attempt to compare the Ghi with metaparadigm of nursing-the human being, the environment, the health, and the nursing. For the most part, the alternative therapy is resonable to the frame of the nursing theory of Korea. It is easy to apply alternative therapy on the every spot of nursing. So this therapy could be a kind of forms as nursing therapy in the nursing centers where take the duties of supporting in local societies. In result, independent nursing intervention will be activated by the nurse who puts up with the major parts. It is available to apply this therapy to palliation of pain, insomnia of infant, Sanhujori (산후조리), pain of menstruation, arthritis. And the alternative therapy makes it possible to propose the nursing model which represent originality, tradition, and history of the nursing of Korea. Additionally, in the field of the nursing, it is indispensable to choose a suitable methodology which is considered whether it is matched with a theory of philosophy in the boundary and object of the research. Because there are many way to get the knowledge of nursing related to the Ghi. In the science of nursing, context of sociocultural background and frame are required to understand the person who need to take care of (nursing client). But the value systems of the West and the East are distinctive each other as well as the behavior of health persuance. Therefore it is the basic research data of great worth to review philosophical the Ghi phenomena which is well known to Korean.

• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.111-132
• /
• 1999

This correlational descriptive study sought to define the relationship between the experience of Sanhujori, Korean tradition non-professional postpartal care after delivery and abortion and present physical symptom distress of arthritis female who visited to outpatient clinic of rheumatic internal medicine at three hospital located in Seoul, Pusan, Chongju, Korea. Data from a convenience sample of 98 women who orally agreed to be respondent were collected from September 1, 1998 to October 31, 1998 for two months by way of interview with semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis consisted of frequency, percentage, mean, S. D., Pearson Correlation Coefficient, t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test as a post hoc by SPSS. The results of the study were as follows ; Mean age of participants as 52.8 years and mean number of children 3.3. Mean frequency of child birth was 3.1 times per woman, 67.4% of respondents had menopause, 57.0% did not have Sunhujori after abortion. The health status implies the subjective health status women perceived, which came from the three points of view of the present, comparative with other of same age and changed after delivery. The respondents of 76.1% perceived them as unhealthy and the main sites of physical symptom distress were upper & lower extremities including knee and hand 34.8%, shoulder 26.5%, waist 22.4%. Women perceived the etiology of the arthritis as 'did Sanhujori wrongly' 36.7%, 'aging process' 24.5%, 'stress' 16.3%, 'overwork' 15.3%, 'Immunocompromize' & 'physical constitution' 7.1% respectively, 'character' 3.1%, 'genetic' 2.0%, 'malnutrition' 1.0%. The mean period of Sanhujori after delivery was 20.4 at the first child and 18.1 at the second child. The higher frequency of child birth, the shorter period of Sanhujori. For the subjective evaluation of whether the women did Sanhujori well or not, the rate of 'did Sanhujori well' was the highest rank in the first child and the rate of 'did not particularly Sanhujori well' was the highest rank in the last child. There was a significant positive correlation between physical function disability and rheumatoid arthritis symptom at the level of 1% of significance statistically(r=.406). And a positive correlation between physical function disability and Sanhubyung symptom at the level of 5% of significance statistically(r=.224). There was a significant positive correlation among rheumatoid arthritis symptom, Sanhubyung symptom and menopause symptom at the level of 1%-5% of significance statistically. Most of all, the correlation between Sanhubyung symptom and menopause symptom was the higher than others. There was a negative correlation between the present physical symptom distress and experience of Sanhujori(r=.-130), however it was not significant statistically. However, there was a positive correlation between subjective health status and experience of Sanhujori at the level of 1% of significance statistically(r=.328). In conclusion, this finding reconfirmed the positive relationship between the perceived health status and experience of Sanhujori after delivery among women of arthritis. It provides a challenge to the professional care givers to study further on the effects of Sanhuiori after abortion or delivery on the physical symptom distress from the variouis aspects through the cross-sectional and longitudinal research. The strategy for the development of the appropriate intervention for primary prevention of sequele after childbirth and quality of care for desirable health outcomes for postpartal women with considering deeply on the relationship between women's health and postapartal care.