• Title/Summary/Keyword: 산생성도

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The Production of Traditional Alcoholic Beverage in Containing Medicinal Herb (한약재를 첨가한 전통주개발에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Young-Sook;Park, Young-Sook
    • Food Science and Industry
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.83-89
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    • 2007
  • 저온발효와 고온발효에 의하여 만들어진 민속주를 증류하여 알콜돗를 45%로 같이 맞추어 성분함량을 비교하였다. 발효온도에 따른 환원당의 함량을 나타내고 있으며 저온발효 민속주는 15 mg/100 mL, 고온발효 민속주는 5 mg/100 mL로 나타났다. 즉 저온 발효에서 환원당의 양이 많았으며, 그러나 시중에 판매되고 있는 소주보다는 낮은 경향을 보였다. 향기 성분에 생성과정에 영향을 주는 Fusel alcohol을 볼 때 반적으로는 발효액에 아미노산이 없는 것보다는 많을 수록 많은 양의 fusel alcohol을 생성되기는 하지만, fusel alcohol을 생성하기위한 조건은 효모의 종류, 발효조건, 발효온도, 발효액의 조성 등의 복잡한 인자가 관련된다. 본 연구에 제조한 발효주를 소주의 아미노산과 비교할 때 아미노산 함량이 전반적으로 20-100도 낮은 함량치로 나타났다. 한약재 첨가로 인하여 면역증강, 살세포 반응 억제효과, 기능성 전통주로 좋은 발효주로 인정되지만 한약재특유의 강한 향기를 약화시키는 연구가 금후에 보완되어야 한다고 본다. 발효온도에 따른 아미노산의 함량은 저온발효 조미주에서 cysteine, valine, mrthionine, isoleucine, phenylalanine이 많았으며, 고온발효 조미주에서는 serine, glycine, leucine이 많았다. 한 alanine, tyrisine, lysine은 고온발효주에는 있으나, 저온발효주에서는 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 저온발효주와 고온 발효주 모두 시중에 판매되고 있는 소주보다는 아주 낮은 경향을 보였다. 저온발효와 고온발효에 의하여 만들어진 민속주를 증류하여 알콜 도수를 45%로 같이 맞추어 성분함량을 비교하였다. 발효온도에 따른 환원당의 함량을 나타내고 있으며 저온발효 민속주는 15 mg/100 mL, 고온발효 민속주는 5 mg/100 mL로 나타났다. 즉 저온 발효에서 환원당의 양이 많았으며, 그러나 시중에 판매되고 있는 소주보다는 낮은 경향을 보였다. 아미노산 실험에서는 소주와 45% 고온 발효주를 비교 할 때 serine, glycine, cysteine, methionine, phenylalanine 등은 100배, alanine, valine, isoleucine 80배, ammonia 20배 낮은 수치를 나타냈다. OD 측정의 실험결과 또한 control과 비교시 40% 발효주에서는 10배, 45% 고은 발효주에서는 100배 낮은 측정치가 나타났으므로 한약재의 색소성분을 휘발시키는 기술이 요구된다고 본다. 항균성실험에서 항균성 측정은 06 cm paper disk agar diffusion법을 이용하였으며, 43%의 발효주와, 45% 고온 발효주가 항균력이 가장 강력한 0.95 cm의 영향을 나타냈다. 사용한 사용한 Gram 양성, Gram 음성 균주는 Escherichia coli KCCM 11591를 제외하고는 0.8 - 0.95 cm로 항균력이 강했으며, Gram negitive의 Pseudomonas aeruginosa KCTC 1750 에서는 43% 발효주에는 0.95 cm, 45% 고은 발효주에는 0.95 cm의 항균성을 나타냈으며 관능평가에서도 가장 높게 났다. 관능평가에서는 45% 고온 발효주가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 항산화성 실험에 나타난 저온 45%의 갈색도의 측정과는 항산화성에서는 좀 다른 결과를 나타낸다. 그러나 항균성이 가장 높게 나타난 43-45%와 관능평가에서 가장 높게 나타난 45% 고온 발효주를 볼 때 본 연구에서는 고온 발효주 45%가 가장 우수한 전통주로 조사되었다. 발효주를 소주의 아미노산과 비교할 때 아미노산 함량이 전반적으로 100배 정도 낮은 함량치로 나타났으므로, 한약재 첨가로 인하여 면역증강, 살세포반응 억제효과, 기능성전통주로 좋은 발효주로 인정되지만 한약재특유의 강한 향기를 약화시켜서 부드럽고 은은한 전통발효주의 연구가 금후에 보완되어야 한다고 본다.

Studies on the Induction of Available Mutant of Acetic Acid Bacteria by UV light Irradiation and NTG Treatmeat. -On the Organic Acids Composition of Apple Wine Vinegar- (Acetobacter sp.와 그 변이주를 이용한 식초산 발효에 관한 연구 -사과식초의 유기산 조성에 대하여-)

  • 김찬조;박윤중;이석건;오만진
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.139-143
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    • 1981
  • In order to investigate the changes of organic acid contents during the process of apple vinegar, this experiment was conducted by innoculating apple juice with Sarcharomyces cerevisae, and then the apple vinegar were prepared with Acetobacter. aceti and its mutants obtained by the treatment of ultraviolet light and N-methyl-N-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine. The organic acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. The contents of malic acid, citric acid and acetic acid in apple juice were 0.73 %, 0.038 % and 0.067%, malic acid, lactic acid and acetic acid in the apple wine 0.114%, 0.10%, and 0.03%, while acetic acid and malic acid in apple vinegar, 4.3 %, and about 0.05 %, respectively.

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가교 키토산 복합막을 이용한 알코올 수용액의 농축

  • 남상용;이병렬;우동진;이영무
    • Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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    • 1995.10a
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    • pp.36-37
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    • 1995
  • 투과증발법은 기존의 증류법에 의해 분리되기 어려운 혼합물(공비혼합물이나 끓는점이 비슷한 혼합물)이외에 열에 민감한 생성물의 분리, 과익쥬스의 농축, 불순물 찌꺼기의 제거, 정량 검출을 위한 유기 오염물질의 농축 등에 이용되었으며 특히 물과 에탄올의 공비혼합물의 분리와 물로부터 희박 유기물질을 회수하는데 행해져 왔다. 본 연구에서 사용된 키토산은 친수성기들을 가지고 있기 때문에 물과 알코올의 분리에서 물을 선택적으로 투과시켜 효과적인 투과증발막으로 사용될 수 있으며 투과속도를 높이기 위해서 활성층이 매우 얇은 복합막을 제조하였다. 또한 키토산 복합막을 다양한 가교제 (glutaraldehyde, glyoxal, terephthalaldehyde, 황산등)로 가교한 막들을 열처리를 하거나 키토산과 PVA를 블렌드하여 제조한 키토산/PVA 블렌드 복합막을 이용하여 에탄올/물, IPA/물 혼합용액에서의 탈수 실험을 실시하여 이에 따른 투과성능의 영향을 살펴보았다.

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The Pretreatment Effects on Methane Fermentation of Microalgal Biomass (미세조류의 전처리에 따른 메탄발효 특성)

  • Kang, Chang-min
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.849-859
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    • 2000
  • This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of methane fermentation and lysis effects of pre-treated microalgae. Chemical compositions of microalgae showed that the VS(volatile solid) was 86.1% of TS(total solid), and the protein was 63.5% of VS. These values were higher than those of activated sludge. The cell lysis test of raw microalgae biomass was conducted by many physicochemical methods. presenting that the degree of cell lysis was affected by following order: ultrasonic(100min.), alkali(pH 13), ultrasonic(10min), thermal($120^{\circ}C$), thermal($50^{\circ}C$), and acidic(pH 3) treatment. Methane fermentation with many pre-treated samples was performed, showing that the concentration of acetic acid was the highest. followed by propionic acid, butylic acid and valerie acid among all VFA(volatile fattic acid). In methane production. ultrasonic samples were only more effective than untreated one in total gas and methane productivity. but other samples were less effective. Especially. the alkalic sample had an inhibitation effect on methanogens.

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Lipid Oxidation in Roasted Fish Meat 1. Rancidity in Roasted and/or Reheated Dark Muscled Fish (어육의 배소에 의한 지질산화에 관한 연구 I. 적색육어의 배소 및 재가열에 의한 지질의 산패)

  • LEE Kang-Ho;CHO Ho-Sung;LEE Jong-Ho;SHIM Ki-Hwan;HA Yeoung-Lae
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.708-713
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    • 1997
  • Various chemical indices were analyzed to clarify the tendency of rancidity during the repeats of heating so called roasting heating and/or reheating in dark muscled fish (mackerel and pacific saury). The total lipid contents of fresh mackerel and pacific saury were $36.7\%\;and\;28.4\%$ in saturated fatty acid, $33.0\%\;and\;20.2\%$ in monoenoic acid, and $29.9\%\;and\;49.7\%$ in polyenoic acid, respectively. The ratios of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA)/Saturated fatty acid (SFA) were 1.7, 2.5 and content of total lipid was $16.5\%\;and\;13.7\%$, respectively. Peroxide content gradually increased after roasting heating and reheating in mackerel while it decreased after reheating in pacific saury. Thiobarbituric acid value also increased during roasting and heating in all the samples but decreased after reheating. Acid value increased after roasting heating and reheating in all samples, particularly it was high in pacific saury which have a high composition of UFA. More conjugated dienes were formed when the meat was roasted at $180^{\circ}C$ than at $200^{\circ}C\;or\;220^{\circ}C$, and in the filet with skin than the skinless.

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Study on Preparation of Yogurt from Milk and Rice (우유와 쌀을 이용한 요구르트의 제조에 관한 연구)

  • Hong, Oi-Sook;Ko, Young-Tae
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.587-592
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    • 1991
  • The curd yogurt was prepared from milk or milk added with skim milk powder or four types of rice powder. Acid production by lactic acid bacteria in milk containing additive of 2% (w/v) was investigated and quality of curd yogurt (sensory property and keeping quality) was examined. Some organic acids in curd yogurt were analyzed by HPLC. Four types of rice powder, particularly brown rice, stimulated acid production by lactic acid bacteria more than control (milk yogurt). Among four organisms tested, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Lactobacillus bulgaricus produced more acid than L. casei and L. delbrueckii. HPLC analysis of organic acids in curd yogurt showed that the amount of lactic acid markedly increased during the fermentation by L. bulgaricus for 24 hours while the amount of citric acid markedly decreased. Addition of rice powders to milk slightly reduced sensory property of curd yogurt. Among four types of rice powder tested, tongil rice added sample showed better sensory acceptability than other samples. When curd yogurt was kept at $5^{\circ}C$ for two weeks, acidity and number of viable cells of curd yogurt were not changed.

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Biochemical Characteristics of Lactobacillus acidophilus Isolated from a Breast-Fed Infant (모유 섭취 신생아 유래 Lactobacillus acidophilus의 생리적 특성)

  • Hong, Sung-Moon;So, Byung-Chun;Yoon, Seumg-Won;Kim, Cheol-Hyun
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.45-53
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    • 2012
  • Lactobacillus acidophilus isolated from the feces of a 7-day-old breast-fed infant was characterized to examine the scope of its commercial use. Forty-three Lactobacillus strains, which could grow at pH 5.5, were isolated. From these Lactobacillus isolates, 14 Lactobacillus strains were selected, which demonstrated more than 80% viability and homofermentative lactic fermentation. Finally, 9 L. acidophilus strains (NB 201~NB 209) were identified as candidate strains based upon biochemical properties, carbohydrate utilization, and cellular fatty acid composition. L. acidophilus isolates demonstrated a survival rate of more than 80% when exposed to pH 2.5 for 2 h. In particular, L. acidophilus NB 204 showed a strong acid tolerance, with a 71% survival rate even at pH 2.0. L. acidophilus isolates also manifested high bile acid tolerance; more than 87% of the cells survived on agar containing 1% bile extract, except for L. acidophilus NB 206, which showed a 73% survival rate. All L. acidophilus isolates were confirmed to have proteolytic activity; L. acidophilus NB 204 and NB 209 yielded higher levels of TCA-soluble peptides and free amino acids. The ${\beta}$-galactosidase activity of the L. acidophilus isolates was in the range of 1.97~2.45 units/mL.

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Development of Fermented Beverage Using the Sea Tangle Extract, and Quality Characteristics Thereof (다시마추출액을 이용한 발효음료개발 및 품질특성)

  • Kim, Mi-Lim;Choi, Mi-Ae;Jeong, Ji-Suk
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.21-29
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    • 2008
  • This study investigated the fermentation and quality characteristics of a fermented beverage, prepared by semi-anaerobic culture, using sea tangle extract. A central composit design using alcohol(0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0% [all v/v] ), sugar(0, 5, 10, 15, 20% [all w/v] ) and $65^{\circ}Brix$ citrus juice(0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 % [all v/v] ) was used to find the optimal mix for fermentation. Sensory characteristics, such as color, flavor, taste, sweetness, saltiness, sourness and overall quality, were measured using a response surface methodology computer program. The optimal conditions that produced the highest acidity of 0.94 were 2.0 % ethanol, 10.17 % sucrose and 1.99 % citrus juice. The optimal conditions that produced gel 20.13 nun in thickness were 1.98% alcohol, 10.94% sucrose and 1.62% citrus juice. The overall optimal conditions that satisfied all the sensory requirements for a sea tangle beverage were 1.0% alcohol, 10.0% sucrose and 4.05% citrus juice.

Preparation and Quality Characteristics of Yogurt Added with Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Bail (삼백초를 첨가한 요구르트의 제조와 품질 특성)

  • Lee, In-Seon;Lee, Syng-Ook;Kim, Hyun-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.411-416
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    • 2002
  • Yogurt base was prepared from whole milk and skim milk added with 0.2∼1.0% (w/v) of Saururus chinensis(Lour.) Bail water extract (SCe) and fermented with lactic acid bacterias (the mixed strain of Streptococcas themophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus) at 37$\^{C}$ for 24 hr. Quality characteristics of the yogurt were evaluated in terms of acid production, number of viable cells, viscosity and sensory property during lactic acid fermentation. The composition of organic acids was also measured by HPLC. Addition of SCe stimulated the growth of lactic acid bacteria and remarkably enhanced the acid production. The viscosity and lactic acid content of yogurt were also increased by addition of SCe. The sensory score of yogurt added with 0.4% of SCe was significantly higher than other groups in taste and overall acceptability The storage abilities of yogurts added with SCe were relatively good at 5$\^{C}$ for 15 days.

Human Existence as a Hybrid Assemblage: the Possibilities and Limits of Intersectionality (하이브리드 집합체로서의 인간존재: 교차의 가능성과 한계)

  • Shon, HyangKoo
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.509-516
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    • 2024
  • We rethink human existence as a assemblage through intersectionality by comparing autopoiesis and sympoiesis systems with reference to science fiction protagonists such as Ghost in the Shell, Neuralink, Camille, a genetic hybrid, and San Ti against the background of neo-materialism. Our findings reveal that, first, radical sympoiesis is characterized by the dissolution of individuals and boundaries, and attempt to explain existence solely through heterogeneous linkage and fusion; second, by ignoring the capacity for autonomous thinking at the individual level, they are unable to fully recognize the destructive nature of hybrid co-production or to develop practical responses to it. Third, we suggest that if the very survival of humanity is threatened by heterogeneous linkage, we should pay more attention to our identity as autonomous members of a autopoietic system rather than to heterogeneous sympoietic networks and we should also pay attention to the role of individual units in stabilizing self-regulation. Through this study, we aimed to contribute to overcoming the limitations of neo-materialism by arguing that it is likely to fail to provide an adequate practical vision if it is limited to describing the hybrid connections that recur through the intersection of beings, and by urging us to define the identity of the human species from a new perspective by utilizing various SF stories that trigger the imagination of destructive interactions between beings, and to explore the autopoiesis in terms of symbiotic interactions based on a certain level of boundary and self-regulation.