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Oh, Seung Eun
- East European & Balkan Studies
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- v.36
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- pp.247-268
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- 2013
The ever-increasing informal economy in post-socialist Eastern Europe forces one to wonder about what transition to post-socialism is for and about. Informal economy, which refers to unregistered work and services to was rampant in the socialist period across Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. It was considered as a pathological phenomenon of the socialist system and exposing the rigidity and inefficiency of the command economy amongst the socialist regimes. The ordinary people of the Eastern bloc had to resort to all sorts of informal channels to get hold of goods and services constantly in short supply, especially at the last decade of the really existing socialism. However, it is ironical to observe the same old informal economy, considered pathological, even more thriving in the new era of post-socialism in Eastern Europe. After all, the system has changed into the capitalism, the antipode to socialism. It should be mentioned that the function of informal economy is seen to be even more intensified, from a means to make living better in the socialist time to a means for survival and sustenance in the post-socialist period. It follows from the socialist experience that the deficiency of the ruling system could not be indefinitely borne out. Real remedies should be sought out before it will be too late.

노문자
- Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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- v.33 no.1
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- pp.211-245
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- 2002
After division of Germany, East Germany was established as a socialistic nation. The new socialistic nation needed new systems in many different areas such as political, social, educational and cultural. In the new political system based on socialistic ideology the administrative organization and political parties used the academic libraries as a political instrument. Thus the members of the political parties exercised socialistic ideology on the management of the libraries. For example, in the anointment of the library directors, in the education and training of librarians, In the collecting development policy, in managing the seditious materials etc the influence of socialism can be seen.
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Kim, Hak-Jun
- The Korean Publising Journal, Monthly
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- s.91
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- pp.4-5
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- 1991
고르바초프로 상징되는 개혁세력이 이끄는 페레스트로이카라는 큰 배가 과연 '인간의 얼굴을 가진 민주적 사회주의'라는 목적지에 도달할 수 있을 것인지는 불투명하다. 그러나 한가지 확실한 것은, 그 배가 난파할 때 그것이 소련은 물론이거니와, 세계 전체에 대해 끼치는 영향은 엄청나리라는 사실이다.
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Kim, Kihyuk
- Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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- v.19 no.1
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- pp.14-30
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- 2013
Place names in North Korea has been regarded as an effective instrument of revolution since division of territory(1945) and as typical case which politcal ideology affected the place names. Especially in North Korea, self-reliance ideology(Juche Idea) and idolization of Kim Il Sung influenced the place names. With local administrative district reform in 1952, names of district and village were changed on national scale. National survey of place names were proceeded in 1964~1966 with direct support of Kim, Ilsung. After this survey, North Korea made alteration of place names in terms of idolization of Kim Il Sung family as well as socialist revolution. Encyclopedia of place names were widely published. Almost linguist were forced to produce writing and papers for the praise of the legitimacy of new place names. But it should be attended that research trend are slowly changed since 2000s. Research for idolization of Kim Il Sung has become a little importance.
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