• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.39
• /
• pp.350-373
• /
• 1999

The patient population of U. S. state mental hospitals has changed drastically since the 1960s, when the deintstitutionalization movement began. This paper is designed to look at what happened to the number of inpatients of state hospitals in California during the last 150 years and, from this, to explore implications for the future of the mental health system in Korea, especially for the viability of mental hospitals. The data had been collected by field research(visits to state hospitals and State Department of Mental Health, and interviews with mental health administrators) and accessing statistical publications and various reports. Since the first state hospital opened in 1851 the statewide inpatient population of individuals who were mentally disabled has grown and peaked at 37,489 in 1959. The number of patients in state hospitals, however, began declining in the early 1960s and was reduced to 10,874 by 1971, and to 4,973 by 1986. As of 1997, there were only 4, 263 inpatients remaining in the state hospital system. This dramatic decrease slowed down somewhat in 1980s and 1990s, but this trend seems irreversible except for the inpatients referred by the court. Now the beds in state hospitals are filled with more and more forensic patients, which constitutes nearly 70% of the total inpatient population. Based on these findings, it is well expected that the number of inpatients of mental hospitals in Korea will also be reduced in a significant way as the community-based mental health care system is gradually replacing the traditional one. Mental hospitals need to introduce more diversified programs for the care of the mentally ill, and concurrently more vigorous aftercare programs are required in the community.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
• /
• no.22
• /
• pp.223-252
• /
• 2011

If we remember that modern world history has built systems of meaning through the concepts "difference," "different," and "other-ness" and has constructed new identity based on opposing hierarchy, music anthropology which tried to build "difference" between the west and the non-west was thoroughly west -centered, in the sense that it has perceived the heterogeneous symbolic systems among nations, as well as the barrier between the two cultures. On the other hand, world music, which has emerged as the most attractive field in culture industry and concert-art-market by crossing over global capitals, markets, and barriers, can be considered the most post-modernist and glocal. However, it is interesting to note that world music, which has been described as post-modern and glocal, has "difference" and "different" in its basis, just like the precepts for modern music anthropology (Meintjes 1990; Guilbault 1993; Taylor 1997; Frith 2000; Feld 1988). Furthermore, one can understand that the "different" and "difference," generally termed as being "non-western," are fundamentally based on ethnic or national imagination. In this sense it is interesting and important to examine such ethnic imagination in the "non-western ethnic musics" in music anthropology and in world music. Notwithstanding the attention paid and research made by music anthropologists, they have failed to elevate the "non-western ethnic musics" to become universally communicative, and these ethnic musics were reborn as "global" and "world music," through the process of "acculturation," "derivation," and "hybridization," with the west as major site for production and consumption. Meanwhile, the audience for world music, which did not exist before the birth of world music as a term, was now born as world music emerged. They are global populace who consume the musical "difference" and "imagined ethnicity," who through their consumption are constructing new social meanings including ethnicity, race, nation, and class identity. This study, by examining current discourse, performance, and process for the world music through media and field studies and scholarly debates, attempts to understand the production and consumption of "imagined ethnicity." This will also shed light on how "ethnicity" is created and consumed, and how this is involved in the process of world music.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.69 no.1
• /
• pp.223-254
• /
• 2017

This study was carried out to examine whether the moderated mediating effect of SNS addiction resulting from marital dissatisfaction and loneliness is influenced by gender or size and composition of social capital. 714 married men and women in their 20's to 40's were participated in this study. The data were collected by online research center with quota sampling based on demographical proportion. To analyze this research model, the moderated mediating effect utilizing structural equation was used. The results of this study were summarized as follows. First, it is verified that the loneliness moderated between marital dissatisfaction and SNS addiction. Since the relationship between independent and dependent variable is insignificant, comparison of competition model was able to determine if mediating effect was fully or partially shown. As a result, the complete mediated model was ultimately chosen because its various goodness-of-fit index including $x^2$ performed fairly well. Second, the mediating effect which moderates social capital size was presented in the mediated model between the marital dissatisfaction, loneliness and SNS addiction. Specifically, It implies that group who recognizes their social capital big recognizes the route and effect size more than that who considers their social capital small. And the moderated mediating effect depending on different type of social capital among the marital dissatisfaction and loneliness and between SNS addiction was substantiated. It implies that disequilibration of SNS social capital in face-to-face sphere and in online acted as a danger fact with respect to the marital dissatisfaction, loneliness and SNS addiction. The implications of these findings were discussed, and directions for future studies were also proposed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
• /
• no.36
• /
• pp.203-225
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine how much the external locus of control, social support, self-esteem, and adoption decision making process influence to teen parents' grief and find out the differences depending on meeting the baby, breast-feeding, anticipating the meeting the baby, ceremony for separation, and exposing their grief by themself or to others. Data was analysed with multiple regression and t-test. With the result of multiple regression analysis, the higher external locus of control, pressure of birthfather, regrets for adoption decision are, the higher grief is, and the lower support of friends and self-esteem are, the higher grief is. And It is estimated high grief statically among the group of breast-feeding, anticipating the baby, no ceremony for separation. But the group exposing their grief by self or to others felt low grief. On the basis of the results, we will find out the meaningful contents for intervention. The staffs of birthmother shelter and social worker don't overlooking the relationship between birthmother and birthfather and enforce the internal locus of control, self-esteem. Above all we will intervene about exploring the adoption decision making and facilitate the exposure of feeling related to surrendered baby(guilt, anxiety, sadness, shame, fear).

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.8
• /
• pp.69-82
• /
• 2015

This article critically examines the backgrounds and meanings of National Competency Standards (NCS) that is employed by Korean colleges for managing performance-based, competency-based curriculum. Findings are as follows: 1) the NCS-based curriculum was primarily adopted to enhance students' business competency for their successes in a competitive job market. 2) NCS is questioned its efficacy to resolve Korean employment issues in a serious economic structure in which a growing number of jobless youth and aged employees and education discrimination are involved. 3) NCS, with its emphasis on the Tyler Rationale and principles of scientific curriculum development, has many criticisms due to its technical approaches to educational processes and needs to be replaced with an alternative paradigm. 4) This article suggests that administrators, policy makers, and educators seek ways to resolve NCS issues considering contextual features of Korean job market and rethinking NCS ideology in the education process. A need for curriculum reconceptualisation is discussed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.58 no.2
• /
• pp.57-85
• /
• 2006

This study tries to understand how the physical impairment develops to practical disabilities among adults with cerebral palsy through path analysis, based on the concept of disability by WHO that the physical impairment and "activities of daily living"(ADL) are affected by the combination of interrelated concept of personal health and environment. Pain and instrumental support are conceptualized as mediating variables for ADL among the adults with cerebral palsy, which are used in the analysis. As a result of surveying of 381 participants, paralyzed region is the only variable directly influencing ADL; other variables such as gender, age, and types of cerebral palsy do not have direct effect on ADL. However, it turns out that age, types of cerebral palsy, and paralyzed region influence on pain problems and also on ADL indirectly, when pain is introduced as a mediating variable. The study also shows that the extent of instrumental support works directly and indirectly toward pain and ADL. It means that individual impairment does not necessarily have influence on the limitations of ADL, but on the result of interrelatedness of individual factors and social factors. Finally, this study implies that the social work practice should be intervened with a new approach of the consideration of the effects of mediating variables.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.130-142
• /
• 2011

Objectives: This study was conducted to develop a participatory learning process and apply it to community empowerment for health promotion. Methods: The participatory learning sessions were composed of three stages according to the modified Freirean model of empowerment education. Stage 1 of generating themes (listening stage) was replaced with a community health forum. Stage 2 of problem-posing was executed via a two-session small group brainstorming discussion for selecting priority community health problems and strategies to solve them. Stage 3 of act-reflect-act, the implementation of the chosen strategies, is ongoing. We tested the feasibility of the participatory learning processes in the pilot programs for health education. Then, 14 Myeon (or Dong) Health Committee members used them in Health Plus Happiness Plus projects for community empowerment to achieve health equity in Gyeongsangnam-Do, Korea. Results: In the pilot program for feasibility, more than 80% of the 95 participants gave positive responses to evaluation questionnaires after three or four participatory learning sessions. Health Committee members successfully selected various strategies relevant to their communities with facilitation, but without any teaching from outside professionals. Conclusions: We successfully applied the participatory learning process to health promotion. However, more studies are warranted to evaluate its long-term applicability.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.220-233
• /
• 2007

In the context of region reconceptualized as a learning framework, using the Seoul region as an example, this paper focused on the debate and the condition of regional social studies curriculum in elementary schools, It means that regionalization of curriculum is the decentralization of power to develop and manage curriculum In that case, region is understood to he a resource used to connect the subject matter to children's experience, Furthermore, region is interpreted as Heimat, community and world around, Heimat is intended to be understood, loved and belonged to, Community is the resource for learning and the space of communication, participation and action, World around is the typical example to be searched, compared and explained by the concept and theory. On the base of the regionalization debate and the classification of learning a region, I analysed the local textbook, Social Studies Inquiry: Life in Seoul and suggested the framework of learning a region. In this paper, I tried to pick out the spatial demension of Seoul. It is classified into the space of experience, participation and inquiry, In conclusion, the region-specific materials and approach laying stress on the issue and topic in the geographical context of the region will determine that a proper regionalization occurs through not only methods hut also content.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.871-907
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to establish a new rural development policy system based on the unit of a community organizations. This study is to complement or replace the existing rural development system which is based on the unit of rural villages. The communalism which is the core concept of traditional rural villages has been weakened or destroyed. Especially, economic, social and spatial communalism of a rural villages has been weakened rapidly in the process of industralization and urbanization for the last 50 years. This means that strong communalism inside rural villages and neighborhood independence from each others among rural villages are already weakened. Rural villages no longer represent rural area, unlikely the hypothesis policy makers have been used to set up rural development policies. Advanced countries like EU and Japan are well known to have a rural development policy based on the units of social organizations in the rural area. These policies have been on the main stream in the era of local decentralization. Rural resident's organization made rural site's development plan using local assets and submitted to the public sector. Then the public sector examine its value and possibilities as a rural development projects. And public sector finalize the decision on subsidy grant. These policy patterns are already introduced partly in the field of urban development programme as well as rural development programme. It is time to apply those policies more widely and to examine more systematically.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.301-311
• /
• 2011

This study was performed to determine the self-perceived fatigue and its association with job stress contents and psychosocial factors among white collar male workers. The self-administered questionnaires were given to 872 workers employed in 42 work places during the period from February 1st to April 30th, 2009. As a results, in terms of levels of self-perceived fatigue according to the job stress contents and psychosocial factors, under significantly higher level of self-perceived fatigue were those with higher level of job demand, lower job autonomy, lower supervisor support and higher locus of control than their respective counterparts. Multiple stepwise analysis revealed that the factors of influence on self-perceived fatigue included age, subjective status of health, job career, experience of sick absence, sense of satisfaction in work, regular exercise, sleeping hours, visiting out-patient department, job demand, supervisor support and self-esteem. The study results indicated that the level of self-perceived fatigue is so complicatedly influenced by variable factors as well as socio-demographic characteristics, job-related characteristics and health-related behaviors, to a greater extent, by JCQ and psychosocial factors.