• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.91-109
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• 1994

본고(本稿)는 피보험자(被保險者)의 위험정도(危險程度)에 관하여 정보의 불균형이 존재하고 있는 보험시장에서 전체(全體) 시장참여자(市場參與者)의 효용(效用)과 기대이익(期待利益)을 증대시키기 위하여 어떠한 가격정책을 수립하여야 하는지를 분석(分析)하고, 이 분석을 토대로 현재 정부가 추진중인 가격자유화 추진계획방향을 평가하고 개선방향(改善方向)을 제시하고자 하였다. 본고(本稿)의 분석결과(分析結果)에 따르면 정보(情報)의 불균형하(不均衡下)에서 자유화 초기단계의 제한적인 가격자유화는 전체 보험이용자의 효용을 증대시키는 효과를 가져오나 자유화의 폭이 커질수록 사회전체적인 효용증대효과는 불명확해진다. 이 경우 일정범위에 대해서는 요율(料率)과 보장범위(保障範圍)를 위험에 따라 차별화하지 않는 단일(單一) 공동요율(共同料率)을 제시하는 계약(契約)을 주계약(主契約)으로 구매하게 하고, 보충계약(補充契約)인 특약부분(特約部分)에서 각 이용자가 위험정도에 따라 차별화된 가격으로 적절한 보장범위를 선택하게 하도록 정부가 유도하는 것이 바람직하다. 주계약과 보충계약으로 구성된 이러한 보조계약(補助契約)은 기존의 단일(單一) 공동요율(共同料率)에 의한 계약보다 파레토개념에서 우월한 계약으로 시장전체에 순효용증대(純效用增大)의 효과(效果)를 가져올 것이다. 또한 고지의무(告知義務)의 강화(强化), 위험분류(危險分類) 및 선택(選擇) 업무(業務)의 효율화(效率化) 등으로 보험시장내에서 정보의 불균형현상이 해소되고 나면 실질적(實質的)인 가격(價格)의 완전자유화(完全自由化)를 실시하여 파레토최적(最適)을 이루어야 할 것이다. 따라서 정부는 보험시장(保險市場)의 특성(特性)을 고려하여 주어진 조건에서 전체 시장참여자의 효용과 기대이익을 극대화하는 가격정책(價格政策)을 펴야 하며, 현재 추진중인 보험상품(保險商品) 가격자유화계획(價格自由化計劃)도 이런 관점에서 재조명되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.62-64
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• 2001

As of July 1. 2001, the Law of Information 8t Telecommunication Protection has been compulsory to audit protection status on national information and Telecommunications Infra facilities such as communication, electricity, waterworks, airport, railway, primary facilities of government and the first financial circles. In U.S. institutions, organizations and corporations in each field are trying to prepare for Safe Har-bor agreed on Internet privacy regulation between U.S. and Europe to be effective in 2003. The Safe Harbor was motl-vated by strict European standard. Other countries make privacy and information protection law according to their own interest. Therefore Korean technical experts have to develop the law responding to national interest and public welfare. Besides scientific Held, experts in the field of politic, economy and academy also have to work hard to develop the law.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.60-72
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• 2022

The environmental, social, and governance (ESG) score is gaining recognition as important nonfinancial investment criteria. With climate change emerging as a global issue, energy companies must pay attention to the ESG impact on corporate performance. In this study, the ESG impact on the performance of energy companies was analyzed based on 23 companies selected from the S&P 500. The panel corrected standard error methodology was used. The Refinitiv ESG score was the independent variable, and financial performance metrics, such as Tobin's Q, return on assets, and return on equity, were the dependent variables. It was found that the ESG score is positively associated with long-term corporate value but not with short-term profitability in the electricity utility industry. Among the subcategories of ESG, the environmental and social scores also showed positive correlations with long-term corporate value. A direct incentive policy is recommended that can offset expenses for ESG activities to reduce carbon emission in the energy sector.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.1-24
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• 2018

This study analyzes the dispute settlement of between arbitration and litigation using a game theoretical approach. Many studies on arbitration have so far focused on the relevant institutions. However, there are few theoretical studies that have focused on the demand side of arbitration. The model presented here suggests conditions under which arbitration form a perfect Bayesian Nash equilibrium, provided that the players strategically choose a dispute settlement tool. Furthermore, the suggested model is used to analyze simple cases of international commercial dispute cases.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.422-427
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• 2013

The cognition for corporate social responsibility of Chinese companies is negative because it increases cost and causes reduction of profit. But interest and execution for corporate social responsibility of Chinese firms is increasing consistently. Purpose of this study is to find effect of corporate social responsibility on firm value to Chinese enterprises. To achieve this purpose, we performed multiple regression method to 647 firms listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange of China in 2011. Dependent variable is firm value and independent variable is degree of execution of corporate social responsibility to stakeholders. Conclusions of this study are as follows. First, execution of corporate social responsibility for employees, bondholders, government appeared to have a significant positive effect to firm value at 1% significance level. Second, execution of corporate social responsibility for customers appeared to have a significant negative effect to firm value at 1% significance level. Third, execution of corporate social responsibility for stockholders, suppliers appeared to have a weak positive effect on firm value, however these variables showed statistical insignificant.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.38
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• pp.206-233
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• 1999

The purpose of this paper is to suggest a scientific evaluation criteria for integration of person with disabilities by developing and measuring the index and indicator of disability integration. Disability integration index will be expressed in a simple number to represent the current situation which will summarize the level of integration of persons with disabilities from the perspective of outcome. Disability integration index is composed of four indicators-social attitude toward person disability, physical environment, participation in society expressed by employment and education, and social institution. Observation research was conducted to measure first two indicators of social attitude and physical environment while existing statistics and data were analyzed for other two of participation in society and social institution. The result of this study showed that disability integration index of Korea was 0.4832. Therefore this paper comes to conclude that the level of integration in Korea approaches to 48 percent which is half of ideal integration. However, this study has its limitations in selection of indicators and index formula which in turn must be followed by next studies.

• Korea Real Estate Review
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.7-22
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• 2017

Establishing greater reliability in property appraisal is critical because it promotes the public interest. Reliability is composed of competence and ethics. In particular, the ethics of property appraisal has individual and corporational aspects. This study aimed to evaluate how the ethical climate of a firm is affected by the scale of appraisal firms, thereby validating the effect of the 'Large Appraisal Firm System'. Hence, the ethical climate of appraisal firms, an indicator of inherent ethical value recognition, was investigated, divided into recognition of social responsibility and exclusion of self-interest. The study results showed that the ethical management systems of appraisal firms encourage the appraisers of such firms to be conscious of their social responsibility and to exclude self-interest in their work. The degree of such influence, however, differs according to the scale of appraisal firms. Based on these results, further research on the maintenance and operation of the ethical management systems of appraisal firms is required to enhance the reliability of property appraisal.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.117-125
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• 2017

People believe that they make a rational decision. But the results of behavioral economics research show that people make a emotional decision at many times. The perception of fairness is one of the example in emotional decision. Sometimes people give up their monetary profit and revenge counterpart when they feel unfair. So the perception of fairness is very important. Two experiment was conducted. In experiment 1, researcher studied the effect of the pre-investment cost in perception of fairness. The result showed people who had pre-investment cost thought more unfair but were more likely to continue prior decision. In experiment 2, researcher studied the effect of type of CEO and message frame in perception of fairness. The results showed that people thought the proposal was more unfair when CEO was son of founder and message was gain and loss framing message.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.87-103
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• 2010

Today, banks offer banking services to a large number of customers by a branch network spread all over the nation. The quantity and quality of services are advanced by fierce competition in their field. So they are attracting customers based on high confidence in the financial industry. In spite of these developments, the retail bank market currently does not satisfy customers demands and various desires. In this research, the problems with banking services were observed. It was proposed that the banking services apply a franchise business model. First, this proposal will reduce the business expenses by collaborating profits with head office of banks and affiliates. Second, it will offer greater satisfaction to the customers. Through the mutual collaboration with head office of banks and affiliates in this proposal, it is anticipated that banks will reduce their business expenses and improve services for customers by offering convenient and fast banking services. It is also expected that the banks will expand and make up their weakness through increased profit and customers will be provided additional services.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.457-475
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• 2021

As Korean society enters an aged society, there is an increasing situation in which various generations coexist in the workplace. This study aimed to analyze corporate reverse mentoring in light of generational exchange. Through the case study methods using literature research and interviews, we categorized the objectives of starting reverse mentoring programs in domestic and foreign companies, and analyzed the possibility of generational exchange with the cases of company A in the US and B in Korea extracted by purposive sampling. Based on social exchange theory, organizational age theory, and generational solidarity theory, the analysis framework presented three propositions: 1) mutual benefit 2) balanced contribution, and 3) sustainability. As a result of the case analyses, there were three main objectives of introducing reverse mentoring: learning IT/social media, promoting corporate diversity, and understanding new trends in the younger generation. In the case of A company in the US and B company in Korea, there was a similarity in mutual benefit and balanced contribution. However, regarding sustainability, there was room for improvement in company B in Korea unlike company A in the US. We expect that reverse mentoring will provide important criteria for success in terms of generational exchange within organizations where various generations coexist in the future.