• Title/Summary/Keyword: 사회복지개혁

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Social Welfare Crisis and The Family in Decollectivized Rural China (탈집단화 중국 농촌의 사회복지위기와 가족)

  • 장경섭
    • Korea journal of population studies
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.67-88
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    • 1990

  • 본 논문에서는 중국 개혁기간중 농업 집단체의 사회보장 기능이 점차 가족에게로 넘겨지는 과정을 연구하였다. 집단농업이 해체되고 시장사회주의 체제가 도입된 가운데 중국 농촌은 전반적으로 생산성이 향상 되었으나, 안정된 사회,경제적 기반을 잃은 상당수 농가들의 복지수요가 증가되는 결과를 가져왔다. 개혁이전의 시기의 사회복지는 집단 생산 및 평등배분을 통한 경제과정적 방책이 중심이었기 때문에 농업의 탈집단화는 곧 사회복지제도의 근본적 위기를 의미했다. 이같은 상황에서 재정적 어려움을 겪고 있는 중국 정부는 농촌가족의 전통적인 자체사회보장기능을 부활, 강화시키기위해 노력해 왔다. 본 연구는 이 같은 국가의 가족에 대한 현재 관계를 일반 복지 정책의 변화 및 식량조달, 의료, 노후보장의 측면에서 분석하였다.

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Italian welfare in the aftermath of economic crisis: Understanding welfare reforms in the light of alternative theoretical approaches (경제위기의 이탈리아 복지 현황: 복지개혁을 이해하기 위한 이론적 접근의 고찰)

  • Hong, Ijin
    • 한국사회정책
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.197-221
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    • 2013

  • The 2008 world economic crisis had unprecedented consequences in European societies, with repercussions on Southern European countries in particular. In Italy, the crisis itself provided a plausible rationale for policy makers to push forward long needed welfare cuts, resulting in the neoliberal austerity trend fostered by the Monti government (years 2011-2012). In the light of the fact that Bismarckian welfare states from continental Europe are generally difficult to reform, understanding these policy dynamics requires an adequate theoretical framework. This paper seeks to understand the logics behind welfare reforms in Italy after the 2008 economic crisis, by reviewing available theoretical approaches in literature. It is argued that external forces (notably, the European Union) represented the main trigger factor, and that political elites marginalized the role played by civil society, with social problems such as unemployment worsening as a result.

Italian Pension Reform Politics and Labor Unions since 1990's - Social Dialogue, or Mass Struggle? - (이탈리아 연금개혁의 정치와 노동조합의 역할 - 코포라티즘적 협의와 대중적 저항, 두 개의 경로를 중심으로 -)

  • Joo, Eun-sun;Jung, Hae-sik
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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    • no.39
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    • pp.365-393
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    • 2008

  • This research examnied the roles, the strategies and the influence of labor unions on the pension reform. In Italia labor unions were important actors in pension reform politics during 1990s, but in 2004 labor union was excluded from the pension reform. This difference is not only related with diffusion of the leftist party but also the experience of pension benefit retrenchment of the pension reform in 1995 in which labor unions had initiatives. Labor unions choose their strategies, social dialogue or mass struggle, depending on the attitudes of government. After change of government following the failure of the pension reform in 1994 Italian government tried social dialogue. In Dini reform in 1995, laborunions had initiative in making pension reform plan. Labor unions obtained member's approval using membership vote. It had repressed opposition from militant sectors effectively. However Labor unions concentrated on the issues of transition measures and protecting vested rights in seniority pension ignoring problems of contribution evasion of small-firm workers and benefit adequacy of young workers. Even when labor unions leaded social concertation processes and pursued union democracy, labor unions' influences on the pension reform had fundamental limitations.

Institutional Commitment to Accomplishing the Cause of the "Candle Revolution" ("촛불혁명"의 희망은 무엇이었으며 그것은 어떻게 실현할 수 있는가?)

  • Kang, Miong-Sei
    • Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.5-36
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    • 2017

  • "The Candle Revolution" impeached the Park government and elected the Moon government. The candlelight protesters demonstrated public anger associated with accumulated corruption and deep-rooted irregularities. Complete political reform is required to perform deep fundamental reform. It aims to transform democracy in a way that is more inclusive. Inclusive democracy contributes to making welfare state stronger. Inclusive democracy is made possible by proportional representation that allows progressive parties more seats and leverages. Proportional representation systems are characterized by higher degrees of redistribution and larger welfare state. Constitutional reform has to be focused on introducing parliamentary government. "Imperialistic" presidential system in Korea has no mechanism of checks and balances which are key characteristics of presidential systems. It has failed to attend the poverty and social inequality arising from globalization and neoliberal change since 2000s. Parliamentary government is supposed to deliver social policy when parties are more disciplined than in presidential system where political parties remain weak.

A Study of the Workfare Reform in Britain : with Special References to the Ideological Change of Labour Party (영국의 근로복지(Workfare) 개혁에 관한 연구 : 노동당의 이념적 변화를 중심으로)

  • Moon, Jin-Young
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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    • v.56 no.1
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    • pp.45-70
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    • 2004

  • This study purports to explain the difference between the welfare reform of Britain and that of either European countries or USA. For this purpose, Chapter two documents and reviews the inter-party debates around the Clause Four in the Labour Constitution, and duly ascertains the role of the reciprocity principle in the development of New Labour Project. Then, Chapter three argues that this reciprocity principle guides and controls the whole process of workfare reform of the Labour Government since 1997. Finally, Chapter four concludes that the salient features of the British workfare reform originated from recent changes of the British political climates, that is, the ideological change of the Labour Party.

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