• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.503-510
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• 2017

This study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of caring empowerment in the relationship between caring burden and life design. To get the results, a survey was conducted, targeting caregivers of disabled children and caring burden, caring empowerment, life design measures were used in the survey. Key outcomes of the analysis were as follows. First, it was verified that caring burden and caring empowerment, caring empowerment and life design had a direct relationship. Second, it was analyzed that caring empowerment had a full mediating effect in the relationship between caring burden and caring empowerment. Based in these results, comprehensive interventions for activating life design were proposed.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.373-382
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• 2004

Video protocol analysis is a popular and effective technique in many research disciplines including industrial design and HCI for understanding the interactions between people, and between people and machines. Analysing and transcribing video recordings is, however, notoriously time consuming, and a variety of single-user computer based tools have been developed to ease the task. This paper examines collaborative video analysis. The motivation for groupware tools for video analysis is described, and the desirable features of such tools are identified. The following section reviews related work on video analysis and on single-user video analysis tools. The review is used to derive a set of design goals for collaborative video analysis tools. We then detail prototype's user interface, its collaborative facilities, and its implementation. The preliminary evaluation is described prior the conclusions which identify directions for further work.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.8C no.6
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• pp.703-710
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• 2001

In this paper, we consider a multiple watermarking for image copyright protection. Multiple watermarking can be defined that two or more watermarks are inserted into the same content. Multiple watermarking using spread spectrum technique is able to extract the correct watermarks from the watermarked content when the orthogonality among keys should be guaranteed only. To keep the orthogonal property between keys, we perform the process of Gram-Schmidt on the random sequences. The orthogonalized sequences are used as keys to embed the watermarks. The proposed method can not only extract correctly the embedded watermarks but also show the robustness against various attacks such as Gaussian noise addition, histogram equalization, gamma correlation, sharpening and brightness/contrast adjustment.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.3
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• pp.37-43
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• 1963

This experimental work was carried out to know the best method in producing the root stock effectively. The major experimental work was carried out by using Kairyo-Nezumigaeshi, and the comparative works were carried out by using Ichi-Hei, Kairyo-Nezumigaeshi, Ro-Soh, Yongchon-Chuwoo and Suwon No. 4. Results obtained from the test are as follows. 1. The larger size of the branch burried, the better live ratio and the quality of the sapling was found, and there was no significant difference between the top part and bottom part of the branch from the point of view of the ratio, but it was found that the top part showed better live ratio and quality. Mean time there was no difference in live ratio between the two sprouts root-stock type and the three sprouts root-stock type. 2. When the live ratio and sapling quality was compared from the aspect of the new root development, the heavy and medium developed root type showed better result than the poor developed one. 3. For the ambushing depth test of the root-stock, the root-stock which was painted with paraffin on the top and exposed in the air was found to have best live ratio. Mean time, even though paraffin was not painted all the top of the root-stock, the one which was exposed the top of it or the one ambushed with thin soil layer, showed better live ratio than the one deep ambushed. 4. There was difference for the live ratio between the perpendicularly ambushed root-stock and the lied ambushed mot-stock, but the former method showed better sapling quality. 5. The soil nature did not show any difference for the live ratio between the sand loam and clay loam, but the former one showed better sapling quality. 6. There was no difference live ratio between the mulberry varieties, but Yongchon-Chuwoo showed best sapling quality. 7. The grafted sapling production cost was 2.30 won and cattage sapling cost was 1.61 won.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.142-148
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• 2011

The final aim of the present study is to develop the intelligent robot, emulating human synesthetic skills which make it possible to associate a color image with a specific sound. This can be done on the basis of the mutual conversion between color image and sound. As a first step of the final goal, this study focused on a basic system using a conversion of color image into sound. This study describes a proposed method to convert color image into sound, based on the likelihood in the physical frequency information between light and sound. The method of converting color image into sound was implemented by using HSI histograms through RGB-to-HSI color model conversion, which was done by Microsoft Visual C++ (ver. 6.0). Two different color images were used on the simulation experiments, and the results revealed that the hue, saturation and intensity elements of each input color image were converted into fundamental frequency, harmonic and octave elements of a sound, respectively. Through the proposed system, the converted sound elements were then synthesized to automatically generate a sound source with wav file format, using Csound.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.79-98
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• 1999

In the present study, a simple finite element method of analysis to predict non-uniform settlements at the interface between the mat foundation and foundation soils is proposed. Based on the proposed finite element method of analysis, the method to evaluate load sharing ratios of the foundation soils adjacent to the granular group piles is also presented. Further proposed is a procedure to estimate ultimate bearing capacity of the skirted granular group piles in a square pattern. To verify validity of the proposed methods and the estimated ultimate bearing capacity of the skirted group piles, comparisons are made with the results analyzed by using the PENTAGON3D FEM program. Finally, behavior characteristics with different reinforcement patterns of the skirts and the effect of an increase of ultimate bearing capacity due to the skirts are analyzed in connection with the design parameters.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.337-342
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• 1984

224 profiles representing 19 soil series were subjected to multiple regresion analysis to determine the relative contribution of organic matter(OM) and clay content to total cation exchange capacity(CEC) in sandy soil. The independent variables were OM and clay, with the dependent variable CEC. Simple correlation coefficients showed high significance at CEC-OM and CEC-clay. The partial regression coefficients indicated that CEC for each gram of OM was calculated to be 0.549 and 1.351 meq of top and subsoil. The clay contributions of top and subsoil were 0.247 and 0.226 meq, respectively. The standard partial regression coefficients appeared that clay content was 1.23 times as important as orgnic matter in predicting CEC.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.1564-1572
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a new histogram based hand recognition algorithm for augmented reality. Hand recognition system makes it possible a useful interaction between an user and computer. However, there is difficulty in vision-based hand gesture recognition with viewing angle dependency due to the complexity of human hand shape. A new hand recognition system proposed in this paper is based on the features from hand geometry. The proposed recognition system consists of two steps. In the first step, hand region is extracted from the image captured by a camera and then hand gestures are recognized in the second step. At first, we extract hand region by deleting background and using skin color information. Then we recognize hand shape by determining hand feature point using histogram of the obtained hand region. Finally, we design a augmented reality system by controlling a 3D object with the recognized hand gesture. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm gives more than 91% accuracy for the hand recognition with less computational power.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.229-234
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• 2018

Texture is one of the most useful features in classifying and segmenting images. The LBP-based approach previously presented in the literature has been successful in many applications. However, it's theoretical foundation is based only on the difference of pixel values, and consequently it has a number of drawbacks like it performs poorly for the images corrupted with noise, and especially it cannot be used as a multiscale texture descriptor due to the exploding increase of feature vector dimension with increase of the number of neighbor pixels. In this paper, we present a method to address these drawbacks of LBP-based approach. More specifically, our approach quantizes the range of pixels values and construct a 3D histogram which captures the correlative information of pixels. This histogram is used as a texture feature. Several tests with texture images show that the proposed method outperforms the LBP-based approach in the problem of texture classification.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.17B no.4
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• pp.275-286
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• 2010

Reversible watermarking which can preserve the original quality of the digital contents and protect the copyright has been studied actively. Especially, in medical, military, and art fields, the need for reversible watermarking is increasing. This paper proposes a high-capacity reversible watermarking through predicted error expansion and error estimation compensation. Watermark is embedded by expanding the difference histogram between the original value and the predicted value. Differently from previous methods calculating the difference between adjacent pixels, the presented method calculates the difference between the original value and the predicted value, and that increases the number of the histogram value, where the watermark is embedded. As a result, the high capacity is achieved. The inserted watermark is extracted by restoring the histogram between the original value and the predicted value. To prove the performance, the presented algorithm is compared with other previous methods on various test images. The result supports that the presented algorithm has a perfect reversibility, a high image quality, and a high capacity.